稻鸭复合生态系统产甲烷细菌数量

24820048ACTAECOLOGICASINICAVol.24,No.8Aug.,2004-1,2,13,3(11,410128;21,571737;31,410128):(00NYK1001):2003204228;:2004204208:(1976),,,,,3Authorforcorrespondence,E2mail:[e-mail]:,Foundationitem:ProgrammeofScienceandTechnologyBureauofHu’nanProvince(No.00NYK1001)Receiveddate:2003204228;Accepteddate:2004204208Biography:DENGXiao,Master,Lecturer,mainlyengagedinagriculturalecology.:,(MPN)2:(1),,,,,,,(2),,MPN,22010%9619%;,3313%9811%,(3)CO2öH2,++++(1)+++(2)++(3):2;;;Studiesonamountofmethanogensintherice-duckagroecosystemDENGXiao1,2,LIAOXiao2Lan13,HUANGHuang3(1.CollegeofPlantProtectionofHu’nanAgriculturalUniversity,Changsha,410128,China;2.InstituteofEnvironmentandPlantProtection,ChineseAcademyofTropicalAgriculturalSciences,Danzhou,571737,China;3.CollegeofAgronomyofHu’nanAgriculturalUniversity,Changsha,410128,China).ActaEcologicaSinica,2004,24(8):16951699.Abstract:Thestudywasfocusedontherelationshipbetweentheintensifyrice2duckplantinganditseffectsontheamountofmethaneemissionfromthepaddyfield.Duringthestudy,theauthortookacarefulstudyandappraisalofthebasisofrice2duckcomplexplantingandbreedingpattern,andhowitcouldevidentlydecreasethetotalamountofmethaneemissionpresentonthepaddyfield.Thestudyalsocoverstheamountofmethanagenspresentandtheinfluenceofthesubstratesonitintherice2duckcomplexecosystem.Itisaimedatexpoundingthemechanismofrice2duckecologicalplantingandbreedingpatternevidentlydecreasethetotalamountofmethaneemissioninpaddyfieldanditsadjustingandcontrollingfactors;Andalsoofferthetheoreticalfoundationandpracticebasisforsettingupmeasuretomitigatemethaneemission.Weexaminedtheamountofmethanogensintherice2duckcomplexecosystemandordinaryearlypaddysystemwiththeaidofAnaerobicboxwithprobablenumberandrolltubemethods.Theresultsobtainedwereasfollows:(1)Theamountofmethanogenshadobviousseasonallawofvariationinpaddyfield,anditwasrelativelyfeweratre2greenstageofthepaddyintheecosystem.Itincreasesstepbystepwithextensionofgrowthstageofpaddyanditisthereforethegreatestatbootingstageofpaddybutdecreasessignificantlyatthemilk2ripestageofpaddy,andincreasesattheyellow2ripestageofpaddy.©1995-2005TsinghuaTongfangOpticalDiscCo.,Ltd.Allrightsreserved.(2)Rice2paddyecologicalplantingandbreedingpatterncouldgreatlydecreasetheamountofmethanogensinpaddyfieldespeciallyduringthemethaneemissionpeakperiodbuttheamountofmethanogensinrice2duckcomplexecosystemwasobviouslylessthanthatofordinaryofpaddysystematactivetilleringandbootingstageofthepaddy;forinstance,20%9619%lessthanthatofthelaterfortheMPNmethod;Andfortherolltubemethod,lessthan3313%9811%ofthelater,andthedifferencesbetweenbothecosystemswassignificantbystatistics.(3)WededucefromourfindingsthatmethanogenscanuseMethanol,Isopropanol,CO2,H2,SodiumAcetateforgrowthandmethanogenesisbutNoneMethylamine,Formate,andthatofMixedNoneMethylamine,Methanol,Isopropanol,SodiumAcetate,MixtureofFormate,Methanol,IsopropanolandSodiumAcetate.Fromtheaforementionedresults,wecanseethattheseasonallawofvariationoftheamountofmethanogensinpaddyfieldwasconsistentwithmethaneemissionfrompaddyfield.Italsoconfirmedthattheamountofmethanogenswasoneofthemainfactorsaffectingtheamountofmethaneemissionfrompaddyfield.Thisresearchhassuppressedtheproductionofmethanagensthroughbreedingduckinpaddyfieldandalsoachivedthegoalofmitigatingmethaneemissionfrompaddyfield;Moreso,theresearchcouldalsoincreaseeconomicefficiencyoftheecosystem.Itisthereforesignificantformakingcountermeasureonmitigatingemissionofgreenhousegas.Keywords:rice2duck;agroecosystem;methaneemission;substrate;anaerbicboxpaddy;isopropanol;re2green;sodiumacetate;tillering;bootingstage;mitigate;greenhouse;MPN:100020933(2004)0821695205:S154.1;S181:A,CH4,016%[1],70%[2][4,5],4%20%[6]CH4[3],,20002001,2,,21513mv;2,,,;,,231185göm2,6017%[12],2,,111120024212002710,,(CK),012hm2,3,,3,,50Y,,1m215d,(),66617m215,,318,12,421,hm2N150kg,P2O575kg,K2O90kg,7101125,,020cm,5cm,,,113(1)(göL)NH4Cl1g;1g;MgCl2011g;01001g;L2015g;KH2PO4014g;K2HPO4014g;1000ml;10ml;100ml;pH710;210%,15mm150mm815ml,,15mm150mm415ml,12130min(2),1g,CO2öH2,815ml79618:2©1995-2005TsinghuaTongfangOpticalDiscCo.,Ltd.Allrightsreserved.,CH4,,(10-110-9),015ml,CO2öH2,H2CO280%20%;,215molöL,50%30%011ml,011ml,MPN4,3,3534(3),,CO2öH2++++,+++,++,2,1,MPN,,MPNCH4,OlympusBH22CH46890N,,N2,310mlömin,H2,4510mlömin,Air45010mlömin,4510mlömin,60,200,170,12173psi,11104min,CH4CH4,CH4,22111(mmolö)Table1Theeffectofdifferentsubstratesonmethaneemissionandtheutilizationofsubstrates(mmolötube)SubstratesDifferenceoftreatmentsDifferenceofsubstratesRice2duckCKRice2duckCKblank0.61bB12.71aAeEeECO2öH280.95bB103.60aAaAaAMethanol50.28bB71.11aAcCcCFormate0.10aA0.13aAfFfFIsopropanol47.89aA23.34bBdDdDNonemethylamine0.02aA0.02aAfFfFSodiumacetate57.97bB79.39aAbBbB1Mixedsubstrate10.12aA0.16aAfFfF2Mixedsubstrate20.08aA0.14aAfFfF3Mixedsubstrate30.10aA0.14aAfFfF33,LSD,Ducan;5%,1%Abovestatesareaveragenumberofthreeblocks;ThedifferentialanalysisbetweentreatmentsbyLSDtest;ThedifferentialanalysisonsubstratesbyDuncan’stest1smallletterisp01051Capitalisp0101(1),++++(1)+++(2)++(3),CH