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·3325·`,2(1.214153;2.214153;3.210044),,。(Shcwermtaninte)20s,(),。,31%,70%40%,、〔`3〕。“,,”。(fllloirne,)FVllA,4.0,,13,。,0.064~,0.133nm,〔45〕。,。,:、,,PH,,。、,。[HF:」、[HZF:」、[H3F4」、[FeF6」3、[BF4」、[siF6」2、[BeF3」、[AIF」2+、[AIFZ」+、[AIF3」。、[AIF4」、[AIFS」2、[AIF6」3、[FeF」2+、[FeFZ」+、[FeF3」。、[MnF」+、[znF」+、[znFZ」。、[HF」。、[hPF」+、[HgF」+、[coFZ」+6〕。,:lmL,25mL,。、,,25mL[7〕。19760.51.OmL,1985,1.omL。GB5749006《》“”:1.OmL,,FlmL[8〕。,,9,`。〕。、,、、〔“〕,、、、〔`2`3〕。,,、、、、、、、、,〔`4`8〕。·3362·(2013)、,,〔`9,2。〕。、,,、、。4050,、〔`2,2`〕。3:,、、、、、、、;,,、、;,、、,、。,,、、、、、、、。,24mL,510mL[7〕。n:ù.n46:n020..001HF,HFPH。,,3,H--zF、HFF。H--zFPH3,PHH--zF,PH3,HF。HFF。PH=6,HF,F,PH6,PH6,3[5,22〕。024681012141pHs[]、,,,wHo“,”〔23〕。,、、〔2。,,,。,,“”,,、、、〔25,26〕。,,,,、、,、、,`9,27。、、、、、、〔32,。,,,,;、、,,,;、〔5,34,。10mL1.omL,,,;;,,100200,A13+、50、cl,〔3638〕。·3327·,、〔39,。,,。,,,。,。,、、、,、、,、PH、PE、〔`。、、、、〔`9〕。、[’l43〕,〔39〕,,“”,,〔`9〕。,5.smL0.smL[`9〕。、、PH,,〔`2〕。、iBgham〔,。1994、chwertmannite〔45〕,〔。schwertmann〔Fes08(OH)82(504),1X1.75(F“s4.65.0)。Bigham[48〕5010%%,13/50,23/50。X(XR)D,d0.486nm、0.339nm、0.255nm、0.228nm、0.195nm、0.166nm、0.151nm、O46nm8,xRD,〔44,495`〕。FTIRoH,50Fe,、50〔44,52,53〕。aBhtam〔54〕2。,,OHOH、1111\___eUese-Uesees/}}OHOH}}--O0o--O、4、4f、t、、4:--o--o:--r:--o--o:--rOHOH2「C,0.sonm[44,54〕。〔55,56〕,50、F。Po(:=0.23snm)、cro(r=0.24nm)Aso(r=0.248nm)。〔576。〕,c:(vI)A、(111)A、(v),sA(111)114mg,〔56,6`。、,,3328(2013)。10mL1.OmL,。,、、、〔66,。〔59,68〕,100ZoomZ/g〔59,68〕,,“”5〕。,F,PHPzHPC,〔`。,oH50〔59,68〕,。,,。[1〕[M〕:,2007[2][M〕:,2009[3〕,[J〕,2010,1:3738[4〕[D〕:,2009[5〕[D〕:,2004[6],[J〕,1991,20(2):1321[7〕[D〕:,2002[8][M〕:,2002[9]DarMA,SankarK,Dar1AFluoirneeontaminationingorundwater:amajorehallenge[J]EnviornmentalMonito-irngandAssessment,2011,173(l4):955968[。]chaeGT,YunsT,Me:B,etalFluorinegeoehemistinbedorekgorundwaterofSouthKoera[J]SeieneeoftheTotalEnviornment,2007,385(l3):272283[,,[J〕,1999,6:3413.45[12〕[D〕:,2011[13〕、[D〕:,2010[14〕,,,20022003[J〕,2005,21(9):11171118[〕,,,[J〕,2005,16(5):283294[16],,,[J〕,2005,24(5):554556[17]MglAl3LDH[D〕:,2011[18〕,,,[J〕,2005,4(3):218224[19〕[D〕:,2011[20〕[D〕:,2006[2],[J],2002,28(12):2629[22],,,[J〕(),1991,11(2):2529[23〕[D〕:,2010[24〕,,,:[J〕,2002,23(3):112113[25〕[D〕:,2008[26],,,[J〕,1993,8(1):·3329·2123[27〕,,,[J〕,2004,8(6):531533[28〕:,1990[29]CaoJ,BaiXX,ZhaoY,etalTheerlationshipoffluorosisandbirekteadirnkinginChineseTibetans[J]EnviornmentalHealthperspeetives,1996,104(12):340343[30]FarsamH,AhmadiNFluoirneeontentofteaseonsumedinIarn[J]JounralofFoodSeienee,1978,43(l):274275[31],,:、[J〕,2007,27(1):17[32],[J〕,1997,19(4):1416[33],[J〕,1987,1(2):111[34],,,[J〕,2002,19(9):512514[35],,,[J〕,2006,16(8):143145[36〕[D〕:,2004[37],,[J〕,1998,17(3):。154[38],,[J〕,1999,14(1):2022[39〕[M〕,:,1984[40],,,[J〕,2009,31(9):4044[41],,[J〕,2010,1:3537[42]LvL,HeJ,WeiM,etalKinetieStudieS。nfluoirdeermovalbyealeinedlereddoublehydorxides[J]IndllstiralandEngineeirngChemistReseacrh,2006,45(25):86238628[43]SakrarM,BanerjeeA,ParmaniekPPKinetiesandmeehanismoffluorideermovalusinglateirteIndustiralandEn-gineeirngChemistReseacrh,2006,45(17):59205927[44]BighamJM,SehwertmannU,CalrsonL,etalApoolryestallizedohydosulfateofiornformedbybaeteiraloxi-dation。fFe(11)inaeidminewaters[J]GeoehimieaetCosmoehimieaAeta,1990,54(10):27432758[45]BighamJM,CalrsonL,MuardESehwertmannite,anewiornoxyhydorsulphatefromyPh?salmi,Finland,andotherloealities[J]MinearlogiealMagazine,1994,58(393):64648[46],,(19941199412)[J],1999,18(l):5064[47]SehwertmannU,BighamJM,MuardETheifrstoeeuerrneeofsehwertmanniteinanatuarlsteramenviornment[J]EuorpeanJounralofMinearlo,1995,7:547552[48]BighamJM,SehwertmannU,faPbGInflueneeofpHonminearlspeeiationinabioeraetorsimulatingaeidminedarinage[J]AppliedGeoehemist,1996,11(6):845849[49]ChildsCW,InoueK,MizotaCNatuarlandanthropogeniesehwertmanniteformTowadaHaehimantaiNationalpakr,Honshu,Japan[J]ChemiealGeolo,1998,144(l2):8186[50]OhnukiT,SakamotoF,KozaiN,etalMeehanismsofarsenieimmobilizationinabiomatformminedisehaewater[J]ChemiealGeolo,2004,212(34):279290[51]LoanM,RiehmondWR,pakrinsonGMOntheestalgorwthofnanosealesehwertmannite[J]JounralofCs-talGorwth,2005,275(l2):18751881[52]RegenspurgS,G·bnerA,peiffers,etalpotentialermobilizationoftoxieanionsduirngreduetionofarsenatedandehormatedsehwertmannitebythedissimilatoFe(111)erdueingbaeteirumAeidiphiliumCptumJF5[J]Water,Air,and5011Pollution,2002,FoeusZ(3):5767[53]GaglianoWB,BirllMR,BighamJM,etalChemistandmineraloofoeheroussedimentsinaeonsturetedminedarinagewetland[J]GeoehimieaetCosmoehimieaAeta,2004,68(9):211921280333(2013)[54]BarhamRJSehwertmannite:Auniquemineral,eontainsaerplaeeableligand,tarnsfomrstoJaorsites,hematites,anorbasiciornsulfate[J]JournalofMateiralsReseacrh,1997,12(10):2752758[55]RegenspurgS,BarndA,peiffer5Fomrationandstabiliytofsehwertmanniteinaeidiemininglakes[J]GeochimicaetCosmoehimieaAeta,2004,68(6):l8597[56]RegenspuS,peiffer5Arsenateandehormateineooartioninsehwertmannite[J]AppliedGeoehemist,2005,20(6):12261239[57〕[D〕:,2006[58〕,,Shcwertmaninte、[J〕,2007,27(2):367370[59〕[D〕:,2008[60]LiaoY,ZhouL,Bai5etalOeeuerrneeofbiogeniesehwertmanniteinsludgebioleaehingenviornmentsanditsad-verseeffectonsolllbilizationofsludgebonreme