滇池的水华蓝藻的时空变化

(),2005,27(3):272～276CN53-1045/N　ISSN0258-7971JournalofYunnanUniversity李　原,张　梅,王若南(,　650091):20019～200271a.,(MicrocystisKutz.)(AphanizomenonMorr.).3445000～1080800000L-1,130866603L-1,66.44%～90.66%.3445000～1030800000L-1,125174582L-1,35.69%～87.97%,.0～50950000L-1,5692021L-1,0.46%～30.75%.,7,1;,.3,1;.,3.:;;;:Q178.51　　:A　　:0258-7971(2005)03-0272-05　　,“”[1].2080,,,[2],1992,,,.,,.,“”“”.,,,2001920027,1a..1　20019、11,20021、3、5、7,20(1),0.5m1.0m2.、、《()》“”[3].[4～13].2　　19,(MicrocystisKutz.)(M.aerginosaKutz.),(M.weissenbergii(Kom.)Kom.inKondr.),(M.viridis(A.Br.)Lemm.)(AphanizomenonMorr.)(A.flos-aquae(L.)Ralfs.).20,3445000～1080800000L-1,130866603L-1.,(MicrocystisKutz.)3445000～1030800000L-1,125174582L-1,.(AphanizomenonMorr.)0～50950000L-1,5692021L-1,.2.1　2.1.1　微囊藻属数量的时间变化　2001920027,:20019(160780000L-1),,20021,7557075L-1,,7,164432300L-1,2.:2004-12-05　:(973)(2002CB41230006).　:　(1980-　),,,,.1　Fig.1Samplinglocation2　Fig.2TemporalvariationofthenumbersofMicrocystis2.1.2　微囊藻属数量的空间变化　,204,Ⅰ(2#、3#、4#、8#),8421125～438675000L-1,240993271L-1.200111,20027,364305875L-1,1.Ⅱ(10#、16#),5941000～286500250L-1,115999583L-1.20027,1.Ⅲ(6#、12#、14#、18#、22#、26#、28#),9102857～168014286L-1,72592952L-1.20019,20021.Ⅳ(20#、24#、32#、34#、35#、37#、39#),5979286～91307143L-1,42717583L-1.、Ⅲ(3).ⅠⅢⅡⅣ.3　Fig.3SpatialvariationofthenumbersofMicrocystis2.2　2.2.1　束丝藻属数量的时间变化　2001920027,:20019(240000L-1),20023,17353800L-1,,7,766150L-1.4.2.2.2　束丝藻属数量的空间变化　Ⅰ0～24100000L-1,9118917L-1.200111,20021.Ⅱ19500～13320750L-1,5365625L-1.20025,1.Ⅲ35500～9898357L-1,326470L-1.20023,1.Ⅳ62000～26384929L-1,6254369L-1.、Ⅲ(5).ⅠⅣⅡⅢ.2.3　2.3.1　时间变化　66.44%～90.66%,83.03%,200111,20023.,35.69%～87.97%,75.91%,20027,20023,.0.46%～30.75%,7.12%,2733　　　　　　　　　　　　　:4　Fig.4TemporalvariationofthenumbersofAphanizomenon5　Fig.5SpatialvariationofthenumbersofAphanizomenon1　　　　　Tab.1Temporalvariationofthepercentageofthecyanobacteriacausingwaterbloom　　　　　%200192001112002120023200252002789.6890.6681.9566.4480.6888.7786.1086.6881.4935.6977.5187.973.583.980.4630.753.180.8020023,20021,(1,6).　　6　Fig.6Temporalvariationofthepercentageofthecyanobacteriacausingwaterbloom2.3.2　空间变化　79.02%～83.11%,83.03%.Ⅰ,Ⅳ.68.26～82.90%,ⅠⅡⅢⅣ.5.11%～10.76%,ⅣⅢⅡⅠ(7).　　2　Tab.2Spatialvariationofthepercentageofthecyanobacteriacausingwaterbloom　　　%IⅡⅢⅣ88.0283.1181.9879.0283.0382.9077.1175.3668.2675.915.116.006.6210.767.123　　(1)19,(MicrocystisKutz.)(M.aerginosaKutz.),(M.weissenbergii(Kom.)Kom.inKondr.),(M.viridis(A.Br.)Lemm.)(AphanizomenonMorr.)(A.flos-aquae(L.)Ralfs.);(2)3445000～1080800000L-1,130866603L-1,66.44%～90.66%,83.03%.3445000～1030800000L-1,125174582L-1,35.69%～87.97%,75.91%.274()　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　27,;　　7　Fig.7Spatialvariationofthepercentageofthecyanobacteriacausingwaterbloom(3),,,7,20164432300L-1.,,3,———1;(4),,,,,,.、,.1,,;(5),59,,7.3,.:[1]　,.[J].(),1985,7():1—8.[2]　　,　,.[J].(),2005,27(2):170—175.[3]　,.[M].4.:,2002.[4]　.[J].(),1964,(3):75—79.[5]　,,,.[J].(),1985,7():9—28.[6]　,,,.[J].,1963,5(2):87—114.[7]　,,,.[M].:,1980.[8]　.(2)[M].:,1991.[9]　,,,,[M].:,1994.[10]　,,,.[M].:,1990.[11]　.[M].,1977.[12]　B.[M]..:,1980.[13]　RobertEdwardLee.Phycology[M].London:CambridgeUniversityPress.1989.ThetemporalandspationvariationofthecyanobacteriawhichcausedthewaterbloomintheDianchiLake,Kunming,ChinaLIYuan,ZHANGMei,WANGRuo-nan(SchoolofLifeScience,YunnanUniversity,Kunming650091,China)Abstract:Theresultsofaninvestigationandresearchintothecyanobacteria,whichcausedthewaterbloomintheDianchiLakefromSeptember2001toJuly2002isreported.TheresultsshowedthatthecyanobecteriathatcausedthewaterbloomwereMicrocystisKutz.andAphanizomenonMorr.,andthattheformerwasthedominantgenusinthelake.Thetotalconcentrationofthecyanobacteriacausingwaterbloomwas3445000—1080800000cell/L(cellsperliter),andtheannualconcentrationduringthisperiodwas2753　　　　　　　　　　　　　:130866603.Theseconcentrationofcyanobecteriawhichcausedthewaterbloomaccountedfor66.4%—90.7%ofthetotalnumberofphytoplanktonobservedinthesamples.ThetotalconcentrationofgenusMicrosystisKutzwas3445000—1030800000cell/L,withannualaverageconcentrationof123174582cell/L,(35.7%—88.0%oftotalconcentrationofphytoplankton).ThedensityofAphanizomenonwas0—5950000cell/L,andtheannualaverageconcentrationwas5692021cell/L,(0.46%—30.75%ofthetotalnumberofphytoplankton).TheseasonalvariationcyanobacteriacausingthewaterbloomwasassameasMicrosystisKutz.,thatisthehighestconcentrationwasinJulyandthelowestinJanuary.ThepresenceofMicrosystisKutz.nearthebankofthelakewashigherthanthatinthecenterpart,andalsohigherinthenorththaninthesouth.ThedensityofAphanizomenonMorr.wasthehighestinMarchandthelowestinJanuary.AlsothedensityofAphanizomenonMorr.inthenorthpartwashigherthanthatinthesouthpartofthelake,whichwasinturnhigherthanthecenterpartofthelake.ThewaterbloomofMicrosystisKutz.wasobservedduringthewholeyear,butthewaterbloomofAphanizomenonMorr.wasonlyobservedinMarch.Keywords:DianchiLake;bloomcyanobacteria;cellularnumber;temporalandspatialvariation＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊··———记世界物理年4位中科院院士到云南大学讲学访问,,2005321～30,、、、4.214,“FindingGenesintheRiceGenome”“”.29“:”.,,.,.,,.21,4,.,,,;,,;,、;