滇池治理人工湿地植物的筛选与应用研究邓辅唐

滇池治理人工湿地植物的筛选与应用研究邓辅唐1,徐颂军2,徐祥浩3,邓辅商1,吴　广1,李　强1,傅　兵1,张林英4(1.云南今业生态建设集团有限公司,云南昆明650200;2.华南师范大学地理学院,广东广州510631;3.华南农业大学生命科学学院,广东广州510642;4.中山大学地理科学与规划学院,广东广州510275)　:、、,46,,64.9%～83.4%。、、6。:;;;:Q142.9　　:A　　:0529-6579(2005)S1-0299-05　　,,[1～3]。,[4～6]。,20031020048,,,。1　,1400m2。,,:BOD528～57mg/L、CODMn7.0～20mg/L、TN0.2～16mg/L、TP0.5～8.0mg/L、DO0.4～1.0mg/L。,0.275～0.32t(/m2·d),48～72h。,。、、,1。1　Fig.1　Flowchartformodelprojectofconstructedcompositewetland:2005-01-21:(03S43126):(1967),,;:;E_mail:[e-mail]　44　　2005　6()ACTA　SCIENTIARUM　NATURALIUM　UNIVERSITATIS　SUNYATSENIVol.44　Sup.Jun.　2005　2　2.1　[5,6],:①;②、、;③;④;⑤;⑥。2.2　、,,、(),46、,1。表1　适用于污染水体净化的水生和湿生植物Tab.1　Aquaticandwetlandplantcandidatesforpurificationofpollutedwaters　　　　1TyphaangustifoliaL.、2PhragmitescommunisTrirn.、3Coixlanchryma_jobiL.var.ma_yuen(Roman)Stapf4ZizaniacaducifloraHand.、5Oplismenuscompositus、6JuncuseffusesL.、7Scirpusvalidus、8Eriocharisvalleculosa9CannageneralisBai1ey.10Acoruscalamus、11Iriskaempferi、12Iristectorum13Oenanthestolonifera(Blume)14Veronicaanagallis、15Ranunculusjaponicus、16Alocasiamacrorrhiza(L.)Schott17Alocasiamacrorrhiza18Sagittariasagittifolia.、19Alismaorientale(Sam.)Juzep.、20M.arvensisL.var.pipevauscens21Artemisiaselengensis22RheumpalmatumL.,23HouttuyniacordataThunb.24Cyperusalternifolius25Scirpustriqueter、26Cyperusnigrofuscua、27Colocasiaesculenta、28Nymphaeatetragona29Nelumbonucifera30EquisetumramosissimumDesf.dubile(Roxb.)Hauke.、31AstertataricusLf.32Epilobiumhirsutum33Plantagoasiatica.、34Phygonumhydropiper35Impatiens.noli_tangereL.、36Salixbabylonica37Eichhorniacrassipes38PistiastratiotesL.39Zantedeschiaaethiopica40Potamogetondistintus41Vallisneriaspiralis42Potamogetonfiliformi43Ceratophyllumdemersum44Myriophyllum45Hydrocharisdubia46Nymphoidespeltatum300()44　2.3　,200311,2。,,。2004630,13200、540m2,3。表2　湿地系统植物配置情况Tab.2　Allocationofwetlandplants、、、、、、、、、、、、表3　不同时间段内的植物总量的变化1)Tab.3　Totalplantsindifferentperiods2003.12.31900802004.02.2915501202004.04.30109004652004.06.3015200540　1)::,:m2;2004354003,3-6。20046,9.9,6.8。。3　,、、、、6,2(a-f)。2,,,6-8。,2　Fig.2　Growthcurvesofseveralplants301　　:。。4　1400m2,:238m2,206m2,140m2,238m2,145m2。3d,3h。100m3/d,0.1217m3/(d·m2)。48～72h。20031214,3,4。4,CODMn、BOD5、TNTP66.8%、73.8%、83.4%64.9%,DO8.12mg/L,。、,。5　　,,、,、,。。表4　不同时期测定的人工湿地系统进出水水质对比表Tab.4　Parametersofinflowandoutflowwaterfor　　constructedwetlandsindifferentperiods　2004.03.292004.05.152004.06.14BOD5/(mg·L-1)29.257.228.35/(mg·L-1)26.315.17.43/%9.973.673.8CODMn/(mg·L-1)7.518.716.21/(mg·L-1)5.36.26.70/%29.366.858.7TN/(mg·L-1)0.24915.26013.740/(mg·L-1)0.2302.7802.274/%7.681.883.5TP/(mg·L-1)8.0600.7300.528/(mg·L-1)7.1000.2560.310/%11.964.940.9DO/(mg·L-1)0.430.830.86/(mg·L-1)4.798.958.23,。:[1]　.[J].,2003,24(7):54～59.[2]　.[J].,2002,20(3):29～32.[3]　,.—[J].,2002,22(2):77～80.[4]　,,.[J].,2002,14(2):179～182.[5]　GERSBERGRM,ELKINSBV,LYONSR,etal.Roleofaquaticplantsinwastewatertreatmentbyartificialwetlandplants[J].WaterResearch,1985,20(3):363～368.[6]　,,.[J].,2003,19(3):65～66.302()44　SelectionandApplicationofPlantsinConstructedWetlandsforPollutionTreatmentofDianchiLakeDENGFu_tang1,XUSong_jun2,XUXiang_hao3,DENGFu_shang1,WUGuang1,LIQiang1FUBing1,ZHANGLin_ying4(1.JinyeEcologicalConstructionCompany,Kunming650200,China;2.Geographicalscience,SouthChinaNormalUniversity,Guangzhou510642,China;3.CollegeofLifeScience,SouthChinaAgriculturalUniversity,Guangzhou510642,China;4.SchoolofGeographyandPlanning,SunYat_senUniversity,Guangzhou510275,China)Abstract:SuitableaquaticplantsfortreatingpollutedwatersofDianchiLakeweretestedontheirintroduction,selection,dispositionandapplication.Theresultsshowedthat46demonstrationprojectsystemsofconstructedwetlandsbasedonplantintroductionandselectionwereadaptabletothetreatmentofchannelwastewaterinDianchiLake,andtheremovalrateofpredominatingpollutantscouldreach64.9%～83.4%.Growingsituationsof6wetlanddominantplantssuchasPhragmitesAustralis,ZizaniaCaducifloraandCyperusalternifoliuswerealsoshowninthearticle.Keywords:aquaticplant;plantselectionandapplication;constructedwetland;DianchiLake303　　: