典型城市浅水湖泊沉积物磷形态的分布及与富营养化的关系

1,2,23,1,2(1.,210098;2.,210098)::.,,80%,,30%40%.3,,.:;;;;(EDTA):X524:A:025023301(2008)0521303205:2007209203;:2007210219:(973)(2002CB412303);(106088);(BK2007526):(1958),,,,,E2mail:[e-mail]3,E2mail:[e-mail]butionofPhosphorusFormintheSedimentofTypicalUrbanShallowLakesandEutrophicationWANGChao1,2,ZOULi2min2,WANGPei2fang2,LINZhi2ping2(1.KeyLaboratoryofIntegratedRegulationandResourceDepartmentonShallowLakes,MinistryofEducation,CollegeofEnviromentalScienceandEngineering,HohaiUniversity,Nanjing210098,China;2.CollegeofEnvironmentalScienceandEngineering,HohaiUniversity,Nanjing210098,China)Abstract:Theformsofphosphorusinthesurfacesedimentswereextractedanddeterminedsequentiallywithethylenedinitrilotetraceticacid(EDTA)techniqueinthreeurbanshallowlakes:LakeXuanwu,LakeMochouandLakeDaming.Theresultsshowedthattheironandcalcium2boundphosphate,aboutaccountingfor80%,werethemainformsoftotalphosphorus.ThecontentsofironboundphosphateinLakeXuanwuandLakeMochouwerehigherthanthatofLakeDaming,reaching30%240%.Theorganicphosphorusexistedmainlyintheformofalkaliextractablephosphorus,whilethecontentsofacidextractableorganicphosphoruswerelow.However,theproportionofacidextractableorganicphosphorustothetotalphosphoruscanindicatethedegreeoflakeeutrophication.Keywords:phosphorusforms;urbanshallowlake;sediment;lakeeutrophication;ethylenedintitrilotetraceticacid(EDTA),,,[1].,,,,[2].[3],,[4,5].[3,610],,[3],[8,10],.,(EDTA)3,,.11112()3.,,,.,[11],29520085ENVIRONMENTALSCIENCEVol.29,No.5May,2008[12,13],2080,,.20066.04123.SA2(Beeker.Eijkekamp),1.3,,,-20,,100m,4.1.1.2(Org2P)1Fig.1Mapofsamplingsites11)Table1CharacteristicsofLakeXuanwu,LakeDamingandLakeMochouPkm23.680.460.33Pm1.652.751.45DOPmgL-14.631.135.271.163.520.48pH8.850.677.660.248.860.20EhPmV13119142127024PScm-122727569184154P25.11.024.70.930.90.2TDPPmgL-10.020.020.170.08TDNPmgL-10.510.264.630.691.950.34,,,,,,,1)DO,Eh,TDP,TDN,EDTA[10,1417].,,10%.,(SRP),.(Ex2P)(Fe2P)(Ca2P)(Org2PAC)SRP[15,17],[18].(Org2PALK)2(HA2P)2(FA2P),(L2P)[18],SRP.EDTApH[19].,(18M),013%HCl,.(GBW07423,).Excel2003SPSS1310forWindows.22112,EDTA(TTP)(ZTP)84%,,.403129(L2P).,,:,,[8,20].Ex2P(22),Ex2PTTP0125%0144%,21475142mgkg-1;,1104%1141%,20105mgkg-1,23.Ex2P[21],Ex2P,Ex2P.Ex2PTTP,:TTP=41132Ex2P+871164(R2=0187,p0101).231)Pmgkg-1Table2PhosphorusformsinthesurfacesedimentsofthreelakesandRecoveryRatePmgkg-1Ex2PFe2PCa2POrg2PACOrg2PALKL2PTTPZTPP%M141284731487201146614110013331771368140137210299174M26156613154721113651649012531501500162159815893187D11712122011911961967017014119131351650132191511586117D22610827812613001917018616811051621849183218112984180D31618620710210801608110112718941631518102179811084142X1210725916535218971124128150510781914383514798108X23163329122369171711541101762191887176887179100100X321142371003721327019999126414578611680016198119X42102293176339163651089911341668041287881421021011)TTP,ZTP2Fig.2PercentagecontentofphosphorusforminthesurfacesedimentsofthreelakesFe2P,[22],[23].Fe2PTTP13%15%,235116mgkg-1;Fe2P,30%40%,279191543151mgkg-1.,Fe2P[24,25],,.Fe2P3,Fe2P[26],Fe2P.Hisashi[27](Fe2P).Ca2P[28],Ca2PTTP40%50%,358164720164mgkg-1,Ca2PTTP70%72%,1192183mgkg-1.,(1).[26,29],Ca2P,.,3Ca2P,.Fe2PCa2P77%88%,Fe2PCa2P3.212Rydin[22]Hantke[23],Org2P,50%60%Org2P,.50315:Org2PTTP,10%14%,161131220116mgkg-1;Org2P,TTP20%25%,179113mgkg-1.Org2P2,.Org2P(3).Org2PALKOrg2PAC,90105168110mgkg-1,TTP6101%15168%;Org2PAC6510881101mgkg-1,TTP3183%9103%.Org2PALK(FA2PHA2P),,.3FA2PpH,0184(p0101)-0177(p0101),pHFA2P,,FA2P.,,.Org2PAC[30],,,[31],,[32].,Org2PAC,,,.,Org2PACOrg2PALK:Org2PALK=1131Org2PAC+2109(R2=0179,p0101),,.,Org2PACTTP(RI),,RI0120,,RI01240127.[33].Org2PAC,Org2PACpH(CEC),0172(p0105)0184(p0101),pHCECOrg2PAC.Org2PAC,,Org2PAC.3Fig.3Distributionoforganicphosphorusforminthesurfacesedimentsofthreelakes33.,Ex2PL2P,Ca2PFe2P80%,.Fe2P,.,FA2PpH,.Org2PAC,3183%9103%,,Org2PACpHCEC,,,Org2PAC.:[1].[J].,2002,4(3):1932202.[2],,,.[J].,1994,7(4):12220.[3],.[J].,1999,11(4):3762382.[4].[J].,1992,13(3):25229.603129[5],,.[J].,2000,20(1):1002105.[6],.[M].().:,1990.2262229.[7],,,.[J].,2004,24(2):1472150.[8],,,.[J].,2003,23(6):5832586.[9],,,.[J].,2003,14(6):7142719.[10]GoltermanHL.Fractionationofsedimentphosphatewithchelatingcompounds:asimplification,andcomparisonwithothermethods[J].Hydrobiologia,1996,335:87295.[11].[D].:,2006.9210.[12],,.[J].,2006,18(3):2182224.[13].[J].,2006,19(5):56260.[14]GoltermanHL.DifferentialextractionofsedimentphosphoruswithNTAsolution[J].Hydrobilogia,1982,92:6832687.[15]GoltermanHL.Sediments,modifyingandequilibratingfactorsinthechemistryoffreshwater[J].VerhIntVerLimnol,1984,22:23259.[16]GoltermanHL,BoomanA.ThesequentialextractionofCa2andFe2boundphosphates[J].VerhIntVerLimnol,1988,23:9042909.[17]GoltermanHL,PaingJ,SerranoL,etal.Presenceofandphosphatereleasefrompolyphosphatesorphytatephosphateinlakesediments[J].Hydrobiologia,1998,364(1):992104.[18]APHA,AWWA,WPCF.Standardmethodsfortheexaminationofwaterandwastewater[M].Washingon,DC:AmericanPublicHealthAssociation,1998.[19].[M].().:,2002.3682370.[20],,,.[J].,2