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Agro-Environment&Development123111.6210002.6210003.621000Cd、Pb、Cu、Zn4RSD1％92.78％~103.2％。、、。。。1005-4944201005-0081-04[1-5]。、。。1[6],1060~20cm1000g。2mm0.25mm。22.1AAS0.2gCu、ZnCd、Pb。6。、、。2.22.2.1GB/T17141《、》GB/T17138《、》、Cd、Pb、Cu、Zn。2.2.21.0000g·L-10.00、0.10、0.30、0.50、1.0、1.5、2.0、2.5、3.0、3.5μg·mL-1、、1。2.2.3Cd、Pb、Cu、Zn6RSD1%·MONITORING8120105Cdy=0.1345x+0.00780.9981Pby=0.1265x+0.00610.9963Zny=0.3195x+0.00310.9991Cuy=0.216x+0.00140.99951CdPbCuZnpH10.9353.878.1798.97.220.8453.499.71539.87.230.8667.550.0130.97.340.8038.639.9585.57.551.0979.143.1943.77.560.9435.033.0227.27.471.0268.370.51254.97.080.7855.760.5200.97.790.6532.433.6106.66.5100.5834.230.0105.08.00.8551.853.8589.47.32pHCd、Pb、Cu、Zn/mg·kg-1/%Cd0.160.500.65~0.6898.5~103.2Pb0.280.901.09~1.2092.9~102.5Cu0.602.002.45~2.5994.2~99.8Zn1.202.003.04~3.2595.1~101.53Cd、Pb、Zn、Cun=6)/mg·L-12。2.2.4pH1mm10g50mL25mLCO22min30minpH＝4.01、pH＝6.87、pH＝9.183pH[7]pH6.5~8.02。。2.2.520%63。33.16RSD＜1%Cd、Zn、Cu、Pb492.9%~103.2%。Cd、Pb、Cu、Zn4。3.2Cd0.58~1.09mg·kg-10.85mg·kg-1Pb32.4~68.3mg·kg-151.8mg·kg-1Cu30.0~99.7mg·kg-153.8mg·kg-1Zn105.0~1539.8mg·kg-1589.4mg·kg-1。3.3[13-14][15]。3.3.1[8-10]Cd10Pb、CuZn3、6、8、9、10。Cd、Cu、Pb、Zn4。Zn[12]。Cd100%、Zn60%9.47.9Pb、Cu3.52.8。3.3.2pHGB15618—1995、、pH＜6.5pH6.5~7.5pH＞7.5pH＞6.5Cd≤0.200.300.300.601.00.090±0.064Pb≤3525030035050014.86±5.32Cu≤355010010040018.70±8.42Zn≤10020025030050074.75±24.754[8][11]/mg·kg-1·MONITORING82Agro-Environment&DevelopmentCdPbCuZnXa0.23535100Xc0.3300100250Xp1.050040050054Xa、Xc、Xp/mg·kg-1P1P≤0.720.7≤P≤131＜P≤242＜P≤35P＞36EirRIEir＜40RI＜15040≤Eir＜80150≤RI＜30080≤Eir＜160300≤RI＜600160≤Eir＜320600≤RI＜1200Eir≥320RI≥12007、[12-13]。Xa、Xc、Xp、5。Pi=1nni=1ΣCiSiCiimg·kg-1Siimg·kg-1Pii。Ci≤XaCi/Si=Ci/XaXaCi≤XcCi/Si=1+Ci+Xa/Xc-XaXcCi≤XpCi/Si=2+Ci-Xc/Xp-XcXpCiCi/Si=3+Ci-Xp/Xp-XcPi≤11Pi≤22Pi≤3Pi3。3Pi。PiCd=2.8PiPb=1.2、PiCu=1.3PiZn=3.2。3.3.3[14]。P=CiSi≤≤2max+CiSi≤≤2ave≤≤2≤≤0.5Ci/SimaxCi/Siave。56。Ci/Simax=7.2Ci/Siave＝2.1P=5.3。Zn。3.3.4RI[15]。TirHakansonTirZn=1、TirCu=TirPb=5、TirCd=30Eir。Eir=Tir×CirCir=Ci/CinCirCiCin。RI=ni=1ΣEir7。870%,。4Cd、Zn·MONITORING8320105Cd(Eir)Pb(Eir)Cu(Eir)Zn(Eir)RI1309182111359227918272134532882313232642701311830253602712134126312129333673392319173988261191632999219119124010192128121389.47.9。。Cd、Pb、Cu、Zn0~30cm[16]。。[1]AllowayBJ.HeavyMetalsinSoils[M].London:BlackieAcademicandProfessional199538-57.[2]WenzelWW,JockwerF.AccumulationofheavymetalsinplantsgrownonmineralisedsoilsoftheAustrianAlps[J].EnvironPollut19991041145-155.[3]WHO.Evaluationofcertainfoodadditivesandcontaminants.In:ExpertCommitteeonFoodAdditives,ed.Thirty-thirdReportoftheJointFAO/WHO[C].Geneva:TechnicalReportSeries776,1989.[4]NriaguJO,PzcynaJM.Quantitativeassessmentofworldwidecontami－nationofair,water,andsoilbytracemetals[J].Nature,1988333134-139.[5]QianSX,WangZ,TuQ.Distributionandplantavailabilityofheavymet－alsindifferentparticle-sizefractionsofsoils[J].SciTotalEnviron,19961872131-141.[6]HJ/T166—2004[S].[7].[M].:1999474-490.[8]GB15618—1995[S].[9].[M].:199666-69.[10].[M].20021-45.[11].[J].2005186747-751.[12].[M].:199070-71.[13].[J].200622187-90.[14].[J].2004366631-635.[15].[J].20051111-116.[16].-[J].198910578-84.1957—。07S005Mnu-cx090102010-06-14·MONITORING84