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22220094POLLUTIONCONTROLTECHNOLOGYVol.22,No.2Apr.,20091, 1, 2(1.西南林学院环境科学与工程系,云南昆明 650224;2.同济大学环境科学与工程学院,污染控制与资源化研究国家重点实验室,上海 200092) :,,。,、,,。:;;;:X703;R123 :AAdvancesinElectro-coagulationAppliedtoWastewaterTreatmentLIUYun-gen1, CUIYa-wei1, WANGHai-feng2(1.FacultyofEnvironmentalScienceandEngineering,SouthwestForestryUniversity,Kunming,Yunnan650224,China; 2.StateKeyLaboratoryofPollutionControlandResourceReuseStudy,CollegeofEnvironmentalScienceandEngineering,TongjiUniversity,Shanghai200092,China)Abstract:Asanelectrochemicaltechnologyinwatertreatment,electro-coagulationisexperiencingbothincreasedpopularityandconsiderabletechnicalimprovements.Thisreviewsystematicallydemonstratestheelectrodereaction,importantparametersandenergyconsumption.Moreover,therecentapplicationsinwatertreatmentaredepictedinthisreview.Finally,bothadvantagesanddisadvantagesaresummarized.Keywords:electro-coagulation;electrochemistry;electrochemicalparameters;application:2009-01-14:(1978—),,,,,。 ,,、,,[1]。[2]、[3-7]、[8-11]、[12]、[13,14]、[15]、[16]、[17,18]、[19]、[20]、[21,22]、[23-25]、[26]、[27]、[28]、[29,30]、[31]、[32]、[33]、[34]、[35],。,。1 19,,1909,1911,1946。,。、,()。90,,[36],、。2 2.1 铝电极:AlAl3++3e(1):3H2O+3e3/2H2+3OH-(2):Al+3H2OAl3++3OH-+3/2H2(3)20094.·69 ·2.2 铁电极1:4Fe(s)4Fe2+(aq)+8e(4)4Fe2+(aq)+10H2O(l)+O2(g)4Fe(OH)3(s)+8H+(aq)(5):8H++8e4H2(g)(6):4Fe(s)+10H2O(l)+O2(g)4Fe(OH)3(s)+4H2(g)(7)2:Fe(s)Fe2+(aq)+2eFe2+(aq)+2OH-(aq)4Fe(OH)2(s)(8):2H2O(l)+2eH2(g)+2OH-(aq)(9):Fe(s)+2H2O(l)Fe(OH)2(s)+H2(g)(10)2.3 其他副反应,:2Cl-Cl2+2e(11)2H2OO2+4H++4e(12)pH3～4,Cl2+H2OHClO+H++Cl-(13)HClOClO-+H+(14)(1)～(14),NaCl,。,。pH,Fe(OH)2+、Fe(OH)2+、Fe(OH)2、Fe(OH)3、Fe(OH)-4、Fe(H2O)3+6、Fe(H2O)5(OH)2+、Fe(H2O)4(OH)+2、Fe2(H2O)8(OH)4+2Fe2(H2O)6(OH)4+4;Al2(OH)4+2、Al7(OH)4+17、Al13(OH)5+34、Al3(OH)5+4、Al6(OH)3+15、Al7(OH)4+17、Al8(OH)4+20、Al13O4(OH)7+24、Al(OH)3-6、Al(OH)4-7AlO-2。3 3.1 电极溶解的质量和浓度,,Pst(:g):Pst=iαM1000zFCE(15),i(A/m2);α(m2/m3);M(g/mol);z();F(96500C/mol);CE()。(15),。CE(16):CE=ρ(Al)r/ρ(Al)th(16),ρ(Al)r(g);ρ(Al)th(g)。,C(mol/L):C=Pst·t·n/V(17),t(s);V(L);n。(15)、(16)(17),。4 、pH、、、、、,,。[37]、、,MINILAB,。4.1 温度。[38],T=60℃,,,,,。,,,,,。[39],。4.2 pH值pH。,,Al;,。pH,pH。(1)～(14),:pH、、。,pH(),pH,·70 ·.222。4.3 电流密度和电解时间。,,Q(Faradays/m3),Q=I×t/(V×F)(18),I(A),t(s),V(m3),F(96500C/mol)。,。,。4.4 电导率σσ,。:σ,。[18,40],σ,,。,,。NaCl,Cl-(11)～(14)。,,,。(OrganicSubstance,OS):OS+HOClProduct+Cl-(19),。4.5 电极材料,,。,:,。5 ,。,,、、。[40],:,80%,50%。6 6.1 废水脱色、COD。COD,、。[3](II),200mg/L,34.62A/m2,98%,COD84%。,。[4]II,,99%,COD87%。[7]::DYE()+※[DYE-],pH4.0～5.0;DYE()+※[DYE-],pH5.0～6.0。:DYE+Al(OH)3(s)※※[];[DYE-]+Al(OH)3(s)※※[]。[41]II,97%,,1%,。6.2 除氟,CaF2。CaF2,F-8～12mg/L,F-1.5mg/L,F-15mg/L。,,CaF2,。[23]X,F-。80℃12h,X,1:1 ,[23]Fig.1 MicrostructureofdriedsludgecalculatedbasedonToF-SIMSgraphafterthefluorideprecipitation[23]20094.·71 ·[24],γ(OH)([OH-]/[Al3+])γ(F)([F-]/[Al3+])。γ(OH)+γ(F)3,100%。,F-OH-,AlnFm(OH)3n-m。γ(OH)+γ(F)=3,γ(OH)2.4,γ(OH),。γ(OH)γ(OH)+γ(F),,,。[25]。,Al。,,100%。SO2-4,,,Cl-NO-3;SO2-4,20%～60%。,,,SO2-4。6.3 除砷,、。[17]。:As(Ⅲ),As(V)。As(Ⅲ)As(Ⅲ)As(V),。As(Ⅲ)As(V)99%,As(Ⅲ)90%～93%,As(V)97%～99%。[18],1.2A/m2,3L/h,9min,100mg/L2mg/L。,,Fe(OH)3(s)+AsO3-4※[Fe(OH)3·AsO3-4](s)。[42]:As(Ⅲ),As(V)As(Ⅲ)。,,,99.97%。6.4 其他[2,12]Cr(Ⅵ),Cr(Ⅵ)Cr(Ⅲ),95%,:3Fe+Cr2O2-7+8H2O※FeCr2O4(s)+Fe2O3(s)+8OH-+4H2(g)(20)[13]SS、COD(500mg/L)Cu2+(100mg/L),,,30min,99%,COD85%,96.5%。,。,0.1μm16.8μm,。[19],,30～80A/m2,1.67～9.95F/m3,94%。[40],pH3～10,30min,COD75%95%。[20],NO-3。:NO-3:4NaNO3+2H2O2N2+5O2+4NaOH(21),。pHNO-3,,NO-3。[21],。,1A,5min,76NTU,95%。,;,,。[26]-。,pH4～9,-,pH,pH6～7。,·72 ·.222,,,--。1.5m3/h、pH5～9,-COD70%、90%。[33]。,,。7 ,。[40],,。7.1 优势(1),,;(2)、、;(3),;(4),,,,;(5)(TDS);(6),;(7),;(8);(9),;(10),。7.2 不足(1),;(2);(3),;(4);(5);(6),;(7);(8);(9)SS,;(9),[43]。8 ,。,,。,,。[][1] StanleyBGrant.KineticTheoriesfortheCoagulationandSedi-mentationofParticles[J].JournalofColloidandInterfaceSci-ence,2001,238:238-250.[2] MurugananthanM.SeparationofPollutantsfromTanneryEfflu-entsbyElectroFlotation[J].SeparationandPurificationTech-nology,2004,40:69-75.[3] DaneshvarN,Ashassi-SorkhabiH,TizparA.DecolorizationofOrangeIIbyElectrocoagulationMethod[J].SeparationandPurificationTechnology,2003,31:153-162.[4] XiongYA.TeratmentofDyeWastewaterContainingAcidOr-angeIIUsingaCellwithThree-Phasethree-DimensionalE-lectrode[J].WatRes,2001,35(17):4226-4230.[5] Tak-HyunKim.DecolorizationofDisperseandReactiveDyesbyContinuousElectrocoagulationProcess[J].Desalination,2002,150:165-175.[6] DaneshvarN.DecolorizationofDyeSolutionContainingAcidRed14byElectrocoagulationwithaComparativeInvestigationofDifferentElectrodeConnections[J].JournalofHazardousMaterials,2004,112:55-62.[7] DaneshvarN,OladegaragozeA,DjafarzadehN.DecolorizationofBasicDyeSolutionsbyElectrocoagulation:AnInvestigationoftheEffectofOperationalParameters[J].JournalofHazard-ousMaterials,2006,129:116-122.[8] MehmetKobya.TreatmentofTextileWastewatersbyElectro-coagulationUsingIronandAluminumElectrodes[J].JournalofHazardousMaterials,2003,100:163-178.[9] Barrera-DiazC.ACombinedElectrochemical-irradiationTreatmentofHighlyColoredandPollutedIndustrialWastewater[J].RadiationPh