电渗析法浓缩回收稀土矿铵盐废液

(,310012)..,.TQ02818X781.4,.,.50000mg/L,60000mg/L.,1%2%.,,....1.1,.1.1/(mgL-1)NH+4SO2-4Cl-Ca2+Mg2+/%1010034580550509001154003230030606003,..,.,,..,,..1111100mm200mm.30...:1999-12-05:,1943,,202Vo1.20No.220004MEMBRANESCIENCEANDTECHNOLOGYApr.2000112.30000mg/L(NH4)2SO4,,.15000mg/L.113(NH4)2SO4(NH4)2SO4.,(NH4)2SO4.(NH4)2SO4,,2.2(NH4)2SO420,(NH4)2SO4.2211(NH4)2SO4,,(NH4)2SO4,3.,,,5mg/L,.(NH4)2SO4..,NaCl,(NH4)2SO40170,NH4Cl=1.50,,(NH4)2SO4NaCl.,,(NH4)2SO43(ED).,..,ED,.212(NH4)2SO4,,,4.,5.4(NH4)2SO44,(NH4)2SO41118%,1216%.,,1216%,,.Selemion,2[1].62202tKs/(mmolcm-2h-1mol-1L)Kw/(mLcm-2h-1mol-1L)/(mLmA-1h-1)SelemionCMG0.950.0080.0190.0035SelemionAMG0.980.0050.0090.0025SelemionCMV0.950.970.0060.0080.0130.0190.00340.0036SelemionAMV0.950.970.0050.0070.0100.0130.00280.0030SelemionASV0.970.980.0040.0050.0070.0090.00240.0025SelemionASR30.9910.00065(12)0.0116(11)0.0027(12.5)SelemionCMR30.9870.0026(12)0.0129(11)0.0029(14)PE336130.950.01460.0240.0057PE336230.950.00650.0240.00433.25.5(NH4)2SO4,,cmax:cmax=(tC+tA-1)iF-Ksci+Kwc(1),tC,tA;i;Ks,mmol/(cm2hmolL-1);,mL/(mAh);Kw,mL/(cm2hmolL-1);c;F.(1),cmax,:,tCtAKsKw,.Kw,tCtA,Ks.,tCtA019,110,tCtA,,c,..,Kwcmax.,,,,Kw,,3[2].20%.,15%..213ED,,,,c,,2:633/m110150110150110150(0.5mol/L/1.0mol/LNaCl)0.910.930.91/(cm2)(015mol/LNaClAC1000Hz)2.03.52.03.52.03.5w/%151615161516/(mmolg-1)()1.51.82.02.31.52.3/(kgcm-2)353535(015mol/LNaCl)0.950.970.950.970.950.97/(mmolcm-2h-1mol-1L)(015mol/LNaCl)0.0060.0080.0050.0070.0050.008/(mLmA-1h-1)(015mol/LNaCl)0.00340.00360.002840.00300.00140.0018/(mLcm-2h-1mol-1L)(0.5mol/LNaCl)0.0130.0190.0100.0130.0050.0095.21311,6.6,.6(25)21312,,,10min.7.7,,.,.,,,.,Kw,;,...72131345.,.,.,,..(1).21314(NH4)2SO4,6420.,CaSO4.Ca2+SO2-4,KspCaSO4.CaSO4,,.CaSO4,,,,.,,45.31).,,.;,,1216%,..ED,.2)ED,,,.3).,.4),..1,,,..:,1995.712..,1999,53(1):1318Concentrationandrecoveryofammoniumsaltsinthewastefromrare-earthindustrybyelectrodialysisXueDeming,HongGongwei,WuGuofeng,LiXiaoyan(DevelopmentCenterofWaterTreatmentTechnology,StateOceanicAdministration,Hangzhou310012)AbstractLotsofwastewatercontainingammoniumsaltsaredischargedfromrare-earthfactorieseveryday.Theconcentrationofammoniumsulphateandammoniumchlorideinthewastewaterisabout60000mg/Land50000mg/Lrespectively.Besides,thewastewateralsocontains1%2%acids,certainquantityofCa2+,Mg2+andMn2+,etc.Therewasntsuitablewaytotreatthemupdatebutdischargeddirectly.Therefore,theseriousenvironmentalpollutionhasbeencaused.ThetechnologicalandeconomicalpossibilitiesontreatmentofthewastewaterbyEDwerestudied.Theresultsshowthattheammoniumsulphateinthewastewatercanbede2saltedandconcentratedverywell.Themaximumconcentrationofammoniumsulphatecanreachashighas12.6%withtheuseofthedomesticionexchangemembrane.Then,afterdistillationandcrystallation,theammoniumsulphateisrecoveredandthewaterdesaltedcanbereused.Theresultsshowthatthetreatmentofammoniumsulphatewastewaterdischargedfromrare-earthindustrybymembraneprocessiseconomicalandefficient.Keywordsmembranetechniqueelectrodialysisionexchangemembraneammoniumsulphaterare-earthindustrywastewater2:65