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＊1998-09-07,1999-04-24--＊朱常英 由英才 赵幅凯( 300071)刁虎欣( 300071) ,--,,X-,,,,. ,,,,.,,,.,,,[1～7].,[8].(CAN)(VAc)(MMA),.X-,.1 1.1 ,,.VAc,,.MMA,,.,,....1.2 0.01mol100mL1mol/L,.0.1mol/L.1.3 -VAc-MMA,,300mL5g6199912 ACTAPOLYMERICASINICANo.6Dec.,1999720,30min,VAcMMA,13mL.30℃2h,,,,50℃,.1.4 (W1),,24h,,50℃,.,100mL1mol/L1h([1,4,7]),,,50℃,P(VAc-co-MMA)(W2),:G%=W2/W11.5 X-BDX3200X-,.CuKα;154nm;40KV,20mA,4°/min,:2θ5～70°.1.6 NMRVARIANUNITYplus-400.1.7 1.7.1 5%,,,,0.5～1mm,.,.Fig.1 1H-NMRspectrumofgraftedchain(poly(VAc-co-MMA))1.7.2 0.5g,0.25g,0.5g,100mL,NaOHpH7,,0.5～1g,,,,50℃..2 2.1 MMAVAc,400.1.δ=3.6MMAVAc,δ=1.8～2.1()VAc.,:MMA/VAc=S3.6×34/S1.8～2.11.17216:--,VAcVAc,,MMAVAc1.1∶1.Table1 CompositionofmonomerandcopolymerMMA/VAcinmonomer(mol/mol)0.37/10.70/10.86/11.29/12.00/1MMA/VAcinpolymer(mol/mol)0.91/10.93/10.96/10.96/11.10/12.2 XX-,23.2θ15°,17°,18°,23°,,,.Fig.2 X-raydiffractionpatternofstarchFig.3 X-raydiffractionpatternofgraftedstarch2.3 Fig.4 Biodegradationrateofgraftedstarchinthepresenceofbacillussubtilis1)37℃,percentgrafting30%;2)26℃,percentgrafting44%,,[10].4137℃,,115%,,2566%,.,30%,,5%,,67%.66%,25,.,,2.5.722 19992.4 42(26℃).44%,53%.2,,13%,,7,25(51%),.,7,.,,,(VAc-co-MMA).2.5 Fig.5 Biodegradationrateofgraftedchain1)37℃,staphylococcusaureus;2)37℃,bacillussubtilis(VAc-co-MMA),,5.(2)(255%),(1)(8%).,.VAcMMA,,.,21%,.2.5 30%20cm,20,42%,(44%,42),,,.REFERENCES1 GoniI,GurruchagaM,ValeroM,GuzmanGM.JournalofPolymerScience:PolymerChemistryEdition,1983,21:2573～25802 YaoLi(),ChengHaitao(),ZhuWenxuan().PolymericMaterialsScience&Engineering(),1991,7(6):23～273 YouYingcai(),ZhangBaolong(),LinZhiming(),HuangJipu(),DingPeiyuan().PolymericMaterialsScience&Engineering(),1994,(1):33～374 AthawaleVD,RathiSC.EurPolymJ,1997,33(7):1067～10715 FantaGF,ShogrenRL.JApplPolymSci,1997,65:1021～10296 WangYuqin(),YangWei(),CuiDan().ActaPolymericaSinica(),1996,(1):111～1157 PeanskyJS,LongJM,WoolRP.JournalofPolymerScience:PartB:PolymerPhysics,1991,29:565～5798 LiHeping(),LiMengqin(),WangXiaoxi(),QiJunqing(),XueHuiru().PolymericMaterialsScience&Engineering,1997,13(1):135～1387236:--9 EliasHG.Macromolecular.SecondEdition.NewYorkandLondon:PlenumPress,1984.762～76510 BiologyDepartmentofWuhanUniversity,BiologyDepartmentofFudanUniversity().Micro-organism().SecondEdition.Beijing:SeniorEducationPress,1987STUDYONTHESYNTHESISANDBIODEGRADATIONOFSTARCH-GRAFT-(VAc-co-MMA)COPOLYMERZHUChangying,YOUYingcai,ZHAOFukai(DepartmentofChemistry,NankaiUniversity,Tianjin 300071)DIAOHuxin(DepartmentofMicro-organism,NankaiUniversity,Tianjin 300071)Abstract Startch-graft-(VAc-co-MMA)copolymerwassynthesizedbygraftcopolymeri-zationofstarchwithVAcandMMAusingCe(Ⅳ)saltasinitiatorandwaterasreactionmedium.1H-NMRtechniquewasemployedtostudythecompositionofthegraftchain,poly(VAc-co-MMA).TheresultsshowthatthecompositionofthetwomonomerunitsinthegraftchainvariesslightlywiththevariationofthemoleratioofMMAtoVAcinthefeed.Themoleratioofthetwomonomerunitsinthecopolymerisnearly1.X-raydiffractionmeasurementindicatesthatthecrystalstructureofstarchwasgreatlydestroyedaftergraftcopolymerization.Thebiodegradationbehaviorofthestarchgraftcopolymerandthegraftchainwereinvestigatedthroughenzymeattackinthelaboratoryandoutdoorsoilburial.Inthelaboratory,at37℃,inthepresenceofbacillussubtilis,thegraftedstarchdemonstratedarapidbiodegradationrate.Theweightlosswas15%afteronedayandreachedamaximumof66%after25days.Thisvalueisveryclosetothestarchcontent(67%)inthespecimen.Thebiodegradationatroomtemperaturewasalsostudied.Theresultsshowthatatroomtemperature,thebiodegradationrateisalittlelowerthanthatat37℃.Furtherstudyindicatesthatthebiodegradationoriginatedfromstarch,thegraftchainnearlyunaffectedbythebacillussubtitilis.After20daysoutdoorsoilburialinsummer,theweightlosswas42%,demonstratedanearlyequaldegradationratecomparedwithenzymedegradationinthelaboratoryatroomtemperature(thatis44%after20days).Keywords Starch,Starchgraftedcopolymer,Biodegradation724 1999