短程硝化反硝化生物脱氮技术研究刘晓东

:2006-09-12:(1983-),,,·第19卷第2期2007年4月沈阳大学学报JOURNALOFSHENYANGUNIVERSITYVol.19,No.2Apr.2007:1008-9225(2007)02-0074-04-刘晓东,段亚萍,桂浩尧(长安大学环境科学与工程学院,陕西西安　710064)　　　:-,-,·　　:生物脱氮;短程硝化-反硝化;亚硝酸菌;硝酸菌:X172　　　:A··,,·,,,·,,,-(Sharon)、-(Sharon-Anammox)、、(Canon)、-(Oland)·,--,·1　(1)·,,·NH+4NO-2NO-3NO-2※N2←(2)·,(NH+4※NO-2※NO-3,),·,,,(NH+4※NO-2)·,,,NH+4※NO-2※N2←·2　-1,-NO-2※NO-3NO-3※NO-2,-:①NO-2※NO-3,,;②NO-3※NO-2,,;③,,,;④,,pH·1　3　-,HNO2·,,,·HNO2(50%)··(1)·,,·4～45℃,20～30℃·Hellinga,,40℃[1]·(5～40℃),Arrhenius[2]μmt=μm20exp-Ea(20-t)293R(273+t),μmtt(℃),d-1;μm20(20℃),d-1;Ea,kJ/mol;R,8.314J/(mol·K)·20℃,0.801d-10.788d-1·(Ea68kJ/mol44kJ/mol),·20℃,,20℃,·,,·Hellinga,(5～20℃),,,,-[1]·,30～35℃·(2)pHpH:pH;pHHNO2,·,pH6.5～9.0,,pH,7.0～8.56.5～7.5·①pHNH3,NH+4NH3:NH+4NH3+H+:Ka=[NH3][H+]/[NH+4],Ka;[NH3]、[H+]、[NH+4]NH3、H+、NH+4·,:=[NH3]+[NH+4],NH3:NH3/%=[NH3]/([NH3]+[NH+4])×100,:NH3/%=100/(1+[H+]/Ka)25℃Ka5.6×10-10,,pH7.0、8.09.0,NH30.56%、5.30%35.90%·,,NH+4;pHNH3;pH,pH·②pHHNO2,HNO2NO-2:HNO2NO-2+H+HNO2:HNO2/%=100/(1+Ka/10-pH)12.5℃Ka4.6×10-4,,pH6.0、7.08.0,HNO20.217%、0.022%0.002%·,,NO-2;pHHNO2;pH,pH·,pH8.3,,,pH8.0·pH7.4～8.3,90%[3]·,pH7.4～8.3·(3)pH·(FA)75第2期　　　　　　　刘晓东等:短程硝化-反硝化生物脱氮技术研究,FA·0.6mg/LFA,HNO2,HNO2FA5mg/L,40mg/L[4]·,,,·HNO2FA,HNO2·,FAHNO2,HNO2·(4)DO,,,·Hanaki,[5]·LaanbroekDO·0.2～0.4mg/L,1.2～1.5mg/L·,,DO0.5mg/L,60%,30%[6]·Garrido,2.5mol/L,;1.0～2.0mg/L,,,1.5mg/L,;1.0mg/L,,[7]·Pollic,2.0mg/L,,,(20min10min)2mg/L,5min0.01mg/L,,,,[8]·,,1.0～1.5mg/L;·(5),,“”,,HNO2·Pollic,(84d3d),(VSS)(0.72g/L0.10g/L),(0.55g/g5.0g/g)[3.2mg/(g·h)37.9mg/(g·h)][8]·VanKempenSharon,1～2.5d[9]·,、·Hynens,5mmol/L,·OussamaTurkFA20mg/L4.2～6.2mmol/L,,,[10]·4　-1997,(Dokhaven),Delft-Sharon(singlereactorhighactivityammoniaremovalovernitrite)(2),·2　Dokhaven,·,HRT,,,·Sharon,Dokhaven,TKN7.5mg/L3.8mg/L3.8mg/L2.2mg/L,[9]·76沈　阳　大　学　学　报　　　　　　　　　　　　第19卷,1800m3Sharon,Dokhaven98m3Anammox(anaerobicammoniaoxidation)(,,,),2002·-·:2NH+4+2HCO-3+1.5O2※2CO2+N2+5H2O-,60%,·VanDongen,AnammoxSharon,Anammox[11]·,,、、,·,,·:[1]HellingaC,SchellenAAJC,MulderJW,etal.TheSharon-process:aninnovativemethodfornitrogenremovalfromammoniumrichwasterwater[J].WaterScienceandTechnology,1998,37(9):135-142.[2]HaoX,JosephJ,MarkCM.Model-basedevaluationoftemperatureandinflowvariationsonapartialnitrificationANAMMOXbiofilmprocess[J].WaterResearch,2002,36:4839-4849.[3]USAEPA.NitrogenControl.TechnomicPublishingCompany,Inc.,Lancaster,Pennsylvania17604,USA1991.[4].[J].,1999,25(7):30-32.[5]HanakiK.Nitrificationatlowlevelsofdissolvedoxygenwithandwithoutorganicloadinginasuspended-growthreactor[J].1WatRes,1990,24(3):298-301.[6]LaanbroekHJ,BodelierPLE,GerardsS.OxygenconsumptionkineticsofNitrosomoaseuropaeaandNitrobacterhamburgensisgrowninmixedcontinuousculturesatdifferentoxygenconcentrations[J].ArchMicrobiol,1994,161:156-162.[7]GarridoJM,VanBenthumWAJ,VanLoosdrechtMCM,etal.Influenceofdissolvedoxygenconcentrationonnitriteaccumulationinabiofilmairliftsuspensionreactor[J].BiotechnologyandBioengineering,1997,53:168-178.[8]PolliceA,TandoiV,LestingiC.Influenceofaerationandsludgeretentiontimeonammoniumoxidationtonitriteandnitrate[J].WaterResearch,2002,36:2541-2546.[9]VanKempenR,MulderJW,UijterlindeCA,etal.Overview:fullscaleexperienceoftheSHARONprocessfortreatmentofrejectionwaterofdigestedsludgedewatering[J].WaterScienceandTechnology,2001,44(1):145-152.[10]TurkO.Maintainingnitritebuild-upinxsystemacclimatetofreeammonia[J].WatRes,1989,23(11):1383-1386.[11]VanDongenU,JettenMSM,vanLoosdrechtMCM.TheSharon-Anammoxprocessfortreatmentofammoniumrichwasterwater[J].WaterScienceandTechnology,2001,44(1):153-160.ShortcutNitrification-denitrificationBiologicalNitrogenRemovalTechniqueLIUXiaodong,DUANYaping,GUIHaoyao(SchoolofEnvironmentalScienceandEngineering,Chang'anUniversity,Xi'an710064,China)Abstract:Theprincipleoftraditionalbiologicalnitrogenremovalandshortcutnitrification-denitrificationiscompared,thepracticalvalueofthelatterisanalyzed,andthecontrollingfactorsareinvestigated.Keywords:biologicalnitrogenremoval;shortcutnitrification-denitrification;nitrosomonas;nitrobacter【　】77第2期　　　　　　　刘晓东等:短程硝化-反硝化生物脱氮技术研究