对虾工厂化养殖的系统结构曹煜成

2320066　　　SouthChinaFisheriesScienceVol.2,No.3Jun.,2006:2006-03-22;:2006-04-11:(2004BA526B0202);(B200201A01):(1979-),,,。E-mail:[e-mail]:,E-mail:[e-mail]曹煜成,李卓佳,贾晓平,文国樑,李纯厚(,510300):,,,,。。:;:S969　　　　　:A:1673-2227-(2006)03-0072-05SystemconfigurationofindustrialshrmipfarmingCAOYucheng,LIZhuojia,JIAXiaoping,WENGuoliang,LIChunhou(SouthChinaSeaFisheriesResearchInstitute,ChineseAcademyofFisherySciences,Guangzhou510300,China)Abstract:Industrialshrimpfarmingwasakindofhigh-yieldshrimpculturemodeinlimitedwatercubageunderhuman-controlcir-cumstance,whichshrimpfarmingsystemdependedonaquacultureengineering,watertreatmentsystemandaseriesofmanagerialap-proachofunpollutedshrimpfarming.Itwasanefficiencyandenvironmentalfriendlyaquaculturemode.Theintensiveshrimpculturemodeandgroupwareofindustrialshrimpfarmingsystemwouldbesummarizedinthisreview.Keywords:industrialshrimpfarming;mode　　,,。,,,[1]。,。“”“”。,,,,、。1　1.1　,、,,、、、。,,,,,,,　3　:　73　　　,。。20。、、、、,,,,,、。,、,,,。,,,,,[2]。:、、、。1.2　,。“”,,,,。“”,[1]:,,,、、、,、、、、,,、。[3]:,,,,,,,。,,,;,,,;,,,;,,,,、、。1.3　,、。,、,,、。、、,,,,,。,、,,,、、,、、,,、。、、、、,,(、)(、),、,。,,。、、、;、;、、。,。2　2.1　2.1.1　　　、。、、[4-5]。,;;,、,、。,、、,,82%,[6]。　74　　　　　　　　2,,、[7]。、。,,,,。,“”,,,,,,,,。2.1.2　　　,,,、。,。,,、。(1)。、,,。,,DNA,。,230～270nm,20mm,10s,104mVscm-2[7-8]。(2)。。,、,。,,COD、、。0.2～1.0mgL-1[7-10]。(3)。、、,。。,。,,,;,,,,;,,,。2.1.3　　　。,、,,,、。、。,。0.5%～1.0%[3]。,,。、、[7,11],,。2.1.4　　　。、()[7],、,,,,、。、,、(10℃,25～30℃)。,,,、,,,,,。2.1.5　　　、,,,。,。、,、、,。(1)　　、、、　3　:　75　　　,。[12-13],,。100μm,。(2)　　[14-16],2070。,,、,,,。3.9%[7]。,,,,,。(3)　　、、、、。、、、、、[17-18]。、[6]。,、[19-20],、、、[17,21-26],、,、、、、。IT。,,,;,、;,,,,。2.2　。,,,,。,[7],,、。,,、,,、。3　:、、3。,,6～15[1];,、、[27-28];、、、,,、,,[29-30]。、。1　Fig.1　Comprehensiveindustrialshrimpculturalsystem1,、、、、,,、。、、、,,。“”,。。、、,、、,。,　76　　　　　　　　2,,、、,。:[1].[J].,2004(8):11-12.[2],.[C]∥..:,2003:26-35.[3].(Ⅰ)[J].,2003,20(1):47-48.[4].[J].,2003(3):23-24.[5]RONNEYEA,ERICJW.Filteringmyxoboluscerebralistriactino-myxonsfromcontaminatedwaterusingrapidsandfiltration[J].AquacEngin,2003,29(3/4):77-91.[6],.[J].,2005,32(3):117-120.[7],.[J].,2003,24(2):30-34.[8]STEVENTS.OzonationandUVirradiation-anintroductionandexamplesofcurrentapplications[J].AquacEngin,2003,28(1/2):21-36.[9],,,.[J].,2003,27(2):151-157.[10]MARTINST,GRAHAMAG.Impactofozonationonwaterqualityinmarinerecirculationsystems[J].AquacEngin,2003,29(3/4):125-137.[11]ASBJRNB,MARTING,ANDERSN,eta.lAnewlydevelopedoxygeninjectionsystemforcagefarms[J].AquacEngin,2006,34(1):40-46.[12]JAYENPV,BRIANJL,MICHELFC.Designmethodologyfortheswirlseparator[J].AquacEngin,2005,33(1):21-45.[13]JOHND,STEVENTS.Solidsremovalfromacoldwaterrecirculat-ingsystem-comparisonofaswirlseparatorandaradial-flowsettler[J].AquacEngin,2005,33(1):47-61.[14]SHULINCBT,JAMESJB,DANELJA,eta.lModelingsurfac-tantremovalinfoamfractionation:I-Theoreticaldevelopment[J].AquacEngin,1994,13(3):163-181.[15]SHULINCBT,JAMESJB,DANELJA,eta.lModelingsurfac-tantremovalinfoamfractionation:II-Experimentalinvestigations[J].AquacEngin,1994,13(3):183-200.[16]SUZUKIY,MARUYAMAAT,NUMATAAH,eta.lPerformanceofaclosedrecirculatingsystemwithfoamseparation,nitrificationanddenitrificationunitsforintensivecultureofeel:towardszeroe-mission[J].AquacEngin,2003,29(3/4):165-182.[17]LEONARDAN,GUIRAUDAJP,GASSETBE,eta.lBacteriaandnutrients-nitrogenandcarbon-inarecirculatingsystemforseabassproduction[J].AquacEngin,2002,26(2):111-127.[18],,,.[J].,2002,26(10):36-38.[19]SAUTHIERN,GRASMICKA,BLANCHETONJP.Biologicaldenitrificationtomarineclosedaquaculturesystem[J].WaterRes,1998,32(6):1932-1938.[20]SHANABLEHA,HIJAZIA.Treatmentofsimulatedaquaculturewaterusingbiofiltersubjectedtoaeration/non-aerationcycles[J].WaterSciTech,1998,38(8/9):223-231.[21]FABIANOLT,PAULOCA,WILSONW,eta.lImportanceofbiofilmforwaterqualityandnourishmentinintensiveshrimpculture[J].Aquac,2002,203(3/4):263-278.[22]YOUSEFSAH,AFTABA,AFAQUEALAMM,eta.lPerform-anceofplasticbiofiltermediawithdifferentconfigurationinawaterrecirculationsystemforthecultureofNiletilapia[J].AquacEn-gin,2003,29(3/4):139-154.[23]TSENGKuofeng,WUKuolin.Theammoniaremovalcycleforasubmergedbiofilterusedinarecirculatingeelculturesystem[J].AquacEngin,2004,31(1/2):17-30.[24]LINGJian,CHENShulin.Impactoforganiccarbononnitrificationperformanceofdifferentbiofilters[J].AquacEngin,2005,33(2):150-162.[25]JUDITHB,RICHARDL,MICHAELS,eta.lAwasteeffluenttreatmentsystembasedonmicrobialmatsforblackseabassCentro-pristisstriatarecycled-watermariculture[J].AquacEngin,2004,31(1/2):78-82.[26],,,.-、、[J].,2002,23(2):49-52.[27]JASONMC,TZACHIMS,JOEMF,eta.lCharacterizationofwaterqualityfactorsduringintensiveracewayproductionofjuvenileLitopenaeusvannameiusinglimiteddischargeandbiosecureman-agementtools[J].AquacEngin,2005,32(3/4):425-442.[28]STEVENTS,JOHNWD,THOMASBW,eta.lApartial-reusesystemforcoldwateraquaculture[J].AquacEngin,2004,31(3/4):157-181.[29],,,.[J].,2002,23(4):29-34.[30],.[J].,2002,23(4):35-39.