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多级A/O废水处理工艺的理论研究王 涛(, 100044) :A/OA/O、,,A/O,,,。:A/O; ; A/O; :X703 :A :1003-6504(2003)04-0008-03 、。(1～2mg/L);(0mg/L);(0.5mg/L)。,,-(A/O-anaerobic/oxic)、-(A/O-anoxic/oxic)、--(A2/O--anaero-bic/anoxic/oxic)。,、、、。A/O-(anoxic/oxic)。1 A/OA/O(anoxic/oxic),,。A/O,COD。A/O(AO,AO),,,,;,A/O。A/OA/O/A/O,。:,AO,:(96-909-02-01);(97JF0005):(1974-),,,,11。AO,,。[1]:,、()、,。Stefan,“”,,“”、;Loosdrecht,,,,“—”,。A/O。SBR(-SequencingBatchReactor),[2]。A/OA/O。2 A/O2.1 多级A/O工艺理论的概念A/O、,,AO,AO。A()O()A/O,。A/O。A/O,A/O,。·8·环境科学与技术 26 4 20037DOI:10.19672/j.cnki.1003-6504.2003.04.004---……-,A/O,-。A/OA/O。2.2 多级A/O工艺流程简介A/O1:、,;,。1 A/OA/O/,,。A/O,A/O,COD、BOD5。:,(、、,)。/(2),A/OA/OA/O。(),,(),,,……。A/OA/O(0.05～0.2kgBOD5/kgMLSS),,COD。2 A/O,,DO,,A/O。,,,(3)。3 A/O-,A/O,A/O,。2.3 工艺运行机理,(、),,,;,,,,,,,(N,NO2);,;,;……。A/O、(“”);,,“”;“”,,。:A/O,,A/OE,n:En=100%-(100%-E)n(1)En-;E-A/O;n-A/O(μ)(θ):μ1/θμ=1/θμ1/θ(2)μ=1/θ,,;,μ1/θ,,,,。μ·9·A/O 1/θμ=1/θ,A/O。A/O(0.05～0.2kgBOD/kgMLSS),(15d),θ,μ1/θ。[3]:(S0-S)/Xvt=K(S/S0)(3)S-;S0-;Xv-;K-;t-。3 A/O3.1 对氧的利用更加合理A/O,“-”。,“”,,,,。3.2 对NH4-N的去除更加有效-,NH4-N(1)。-NH4-N,-NH4-N60%～70%。A/O-,;:,20%～30%NH4-N,885%。3.3 有效避免了污泥膨胀现象的发生,,SVI。(),、、。[4]:,,,。A/O,,,。4 A/O。,[5],,。[][1] ,,.[J].,1999,(10):13～16.[2] ./[J].,1999,(6):43～45.[3] Adams,CE,WWEckenfeider,etal.Anewwastewatertreatmenttechnology[J].WaterRes.,1975,(9):37.[4] WWesleyEckenfelder.IndustrialWaterPollutionControl[M].secondedtion.NewYork:Jr.McGraw-HillBookCompany,1989,170～171.[5] ,.A/O[J].,2001,(3):339～342.(:2002-08-20)(上接第7页)5 (2)()、。(3)。(4),。[][1] ,,,.[J].,2001,17(3):278～281.[2] ShiraishiF,ToyodaK,FukinbaraS,etal.Photolyticandphotocatalytictreatmentofanaqueousofsolutioncontainingmicrobialcellsandorganiccompoundsinanannular-flowre-actor[J].ChemicalEngineeringScience,1999,(54):1547～1552.[3] ,,.TiO2[J].,1999,20(4):398～403.[4] ,,.TiO2[J].,2000,28(4):42.[5] ,,,.[J].,2001,31(1):42.(:2002-08-07)·10·环境科学与技术 26 4 20037ScreeningofanEffectiveNitrobenzeneDegradingStrainandItsBiodegradationCharacteristicsCAIBang-cheng,GAOShi-xiang,XIAOLin,SHAOYun,KONGDe-yang,WANGLian-sheng(TheStateKeyLaboratoryofPollutionControlandResourcesReuse,SchoolofEnvironment,NanjingUniversity,Nanjing210093)Abstract:Thispaperreportedonscreeningastrainforeffectivelydegradingnitrobenzene,whichwasisolatedfromtheactivatedsludgefromachemicalfactoryandtentativelyidentifiedasAcine-tobacterspecies.Basedontheexperiment,theoptimumconditionsfordegradationofnitrobenzenewere:25～35℃,pH7～8andatleast120r/mofshakespeed.Theexperimentalresultshowedun-derfavorableconditionsthestrain'scompletedegradationofni-trobenzenewiththeinitialconcentrationbelow400mg/L.Italsoshowedthatnitrobenzeneconcentrationsofmorethan400mg/Linhibitedgrowthofthebacteria.Keywords:nitrobenzene;Acinetobacter;degradation;reactionmodelEnvironmentalEstrogens:TheirProblemsandDegradationPathwayLIUXian-li1,2,LIUBin1,2,WUFeng1,DENGNan-sheng1(1.DepartmentofEnvironmentalScience,WuhanUniversity,Wuhan430072;2.DepartmentofEnvironmentalandChemicalEngineering,HuangshiPolytechnicCollege,Huangshi435003)Abstract:Thispaperdescribedenvironmentalestrogens,so-calleden-docrinedisruptors,enumeratingtherelevantenvironmentalproblemsduetotheirrefractorycharacteristicsandbeingliabletobeenrichedinhumanbody.Theirdegradationpathway:biodegradationandphotoly-sisinparticular,wasstudiedandtheimportanceofthedegradationstudiesunderscored.Keywords:environmentalestrogens;degradation;pathwayNano-photocatalyticDecompositionofFormaldehydeatVariousTechnicalParametersZHOUYu-song1,CHENLiang-deng1,WANGQung-li2,CAOGuo-zhou3,LIGuang-wei1,GUOHong-guang1(No.52ResearchInstituteofChinaOrdnanceIndustry,NingboBranch,Ningbo315010;2.NingboCentreforDiseaseControl,Ningbo315010;3.NingboEntry-ExitInspectionandQuarantineBureau,Ningbo315010)Abstract:Thispaperreportedonthesimulationexperimentsofnano-photocatalyticdecompositionofformaldehyde,oneofthetypicalindoorairpollutants.Preparationofmaterialsofnano-pho-tocatalystandthebench-scaleequipmentforthetestswasde-scribed.Technicalparametersfocusingonimprovingdecompositionefficiencyofformaldehydewerediscussed.Keywords:nano-photocatalysis;fomaldehyde;photocatalyticde-composition;photolysisResearchonMultistageA/OTechnologyTheoryWANGTao(InstituteofTechnologyandEquipmentforEnvironmentalProtection,AcademyofMachineryScience,Beijing100044)Abstract:ThispaperintroducesthemultistageA/Otechnologyforwastewatertreatment,whichisdevelopedonthebasisofA/Otechnologyandunsteadytheory.ItisconcludedthatcomparedwithconventionalA/Otechnology,multistageA/OenhancesO2availabilityandde-nitrificationefficiency.Keywords:multistageA/O;A/Otechnology;de-nitrificationExperimentalStudiesonDisinfectionofMicropollutedRawWaterbyElectro-coagulationZHANGHui-ling,ZHAOSu-fen,DINGZhong-hao(WuhanUniversityofScienceandTechnology,Wuhan420081)Abstract:Thispaperintroducesatechnologyofelectro-coagulationfortreatingmicropollutedrawwater,presentingresultsofthelab-oratoryexperiment.Ithasbeenshowedthateffectivenessofdisin-fectionisimprovedwiththeincreaseofcurrentdensityandtreat-mentduration.Basedontheexperiment,optimumconditionisob-taine