多介质土壤层系统处理太湖流域农村生活污水的工程研究英文张洪玲

EngineeringStudyontheTreatmentofMulti-soil-layeringSystemontheRuralDomesticWastewaterinTaihuBasinZHANGHong-ling1ZOUJun2*CHENXin11．NanjingInstituteofEnvironmentalSciencesMinistryofEnvironmentalProtectionNanjing210042China2．CollegeofWaterConservancyYangzhouUniversityYangzhou225009ChinaAbstractBycombiningwiththeactualsituationintheruralareathepracticaltechnologyofdomesticwastewatertreatmentwhichhadthewidepopularizationvaluewasdevelopedintheruralareaofTaihuBasin．Moreoverthemulti-soil-layeringsystemwasusedtotreattheconcentratedru-raldomesticwastewaterandthedemonstrationprojectwasestablishedinFenshuiVillageYixingJiangsu．Theresultshowedthattheinfrastruc-tureandoperatingcostofsystemwaslowandthetreatmenteffectwasgood．TheaverageremovalratiosofCODNH+4-NTNTPandSSwererespectively70%83%59%76%and94%．ThequalityofyieldingwatercouldreachGradeAstandardofPollutantEmissionStandardsinUrbanWastewaterTreatmentPlant．KeywordsRuraldomesticwastewaterMulti-soil-layeringsystemDemonstrationprojectChinaReceivedDecember282010AcceptedJanuary262011SupportedbyTheImportantSpecialItemofNationalWaterBodyPol-lutionControlandTreatmentScienceTechnology2009ZX07528-005．*[e-mail]ctivetreatmentofindustrialemissionpointsourcepollutiontheeutrophicationdegreeinTaihuLakehasdeclinedbuttheareasourcepollutionwasstillprominent．Moreoverthenitrogenandphosphoruspollutioninthezonewasserious．ThereforeitwasofgreaturgencytotreatthewaterenvironmentinTaihuBasin．Theresearchonthetreatmenttechnologyofruraldomesticwastewaterandtheexplorationonthetreatmentmodehadtheurgentpracticalsig-nificanceonpromotingthenewruralconstruction．Themulti-soil-layeringsystemwasthesewagetreatmentsystemwhichusedthepercolationadsorptionanddegradationfunctionofsoiltopurifythesewage．BasedonthemultilevelsoillayertechnologywhichwasdevelopedbyJapanNanjingInstituteofEnvironmentalSciencesinMinistryofEnvironmentalProtectioncombinedthewaterqualitycharacteristicofruraldo-mesticwastewaterinTaihuBasinthelocalsoiltypecharacter-isticandtheusableruraldiscardedresourcestoformthetreat-menttechnologywhichwassuitablefortheruraldomesticwastewaterinTaihuBasinandestablishthedemonstrationpro-jectinFenshuiVillageYixingJiangsubydigestingabsorbingandimproving．1BackgroundinvestigationViathedatainvestigationquestionnairesurveyhomevis-itandsoonthenatureandgeographysocietyandeconomysewageemissioncharacteristicinYixingVillageofJiangsuinthewestbankofTaihuLakewereinvestigatedandstudied．Theresultdisplayedthattheareawastheplainandtherewasnoterrainfluctuationvariationonthewhole．Moreovertheun-dergroundwatertablewashigher．Everyvillagehadthelocalwatergrade．Somewasthatthemiddlewashighandthetwosideswerelow．Somewasdecliningfromtheonesidetotheotherside．Thelyingareawasnearthecreekandthetreat-mentwatercouldenterintothecreek．Theriversidewasthewastelandwhichcouldbeusedastheprojectsite．Theareawasthemonsoonclimateoneandcouldbedividedintothedryandwetseasons．Intherainyseasontheprecipitationwasmoreandtheriverwaterlevelrose．Theengineeringdesignneededtoconsiderpreventingtheriverwaterinthewaterspouttobackflow．Theemissionamountofdomesticwastewaterwaslessandtheemissionwasuneven．Thereforethecollectionwasdifficult．Seenfromtheemissionmanner22%peasanthouseholdsdischargedthedomesticwastewaterdirectlyintotheriver．45%peasanthouseholdsdischargedthedomesticwastewaterintothebackofhouseandgroundsurfacewhichpermeatedintotheunderground．25%peasanthouseholdsdis-chargedthedomesticwastewaterintotheditchandthesmallnumberofpeasanthouseholdsdischargedthedomesticwastewaterintotheseptictankandfield．SeenfromthewaterqualityCODemissionconcentrationcouldreach250－350mg/L．TheaverageemissionconcentrationsofTNandTPwererespectively40．00and2．93mg/L．Theruralconditionwascomparativelyworse．Thewaterwasdischargedaftertherepeatedusagewhichcausedthatorganicconcentrationwashigher1．Meanwhilethepeasanthouseholddidn'tbasicallyhavethesanitarywarewhichcausedthatthefecalcompositioninthesewagewaslessandtheconcentrationsofTNTPwerelower．Thequalityofinletwaterinthesewagepipenet-workcollectionsystemwasasshowninTable1．EditorSONGPingProofreaderFANNanaMeteorologicalandEnvironmentalResearch201011282－85Table1Waterqualityofruraldomesticwastewaterinthedemon-strationareaItempHSSmg/LCODmg/LTNmg/LNH+4-Nmg/LTPmg/LRange7－8100－20097－24025－3620－312．0－3．7Mean7．40149．00154．0030．0026．002．902TechnologicalprocessandparameterTheruraldomesticwastewaterwastheimportantcompo-nentpartofriverwaterpollutionload．Thewaterqualitycharac-teristicshowedthatthetemporalandspatialvariationsofwaterqualityandwateramountwerebig．Thecontentofsuspendedsubstancewashighandthereferredrangewaswide．Thecol-lectionandtreatmentweredifficult．Basedonsufficientlygrasp-ingthegenerationemissioncharacteristicwaterqualityandwateramountofdomesticwastewaterinthesubdistrictthesuitablecollectionandtreatmentwerecarriedoutforthedo-mesticwastewaterpollutionprobleminMiaojianbinintheana-branchofCaoqiaoRiver．Themulti-soil-layeringsystemwasasthecoreinthewateramount．Bycombiningwiththeacidifyinganaerobicregul