洱海叶绿素a浓度的季节动态和空间分布

J．LakeSci．2012246858-864http//[e-mail]2012byJournalofLakeSciencesa*11＊＊12231235000243007231000122010520114a、．a4．11～24．30μg/L10．4±6．5μg/L2011320109．a、、．a．Pearsona．aa．TSI50．6．aSeasonaldynamicandspatialdistributionofchlorophyll-aconcentrationinLakeErhaiYANGWei1DENGDaogui1ZHANGSai1XIEPing2GUOLonggen2＆WANGShengrui31SchoolofLifeScienceHuaibeiNormalUniversityAnhuiKeyLaboratoryofResourceandPlantBiologyHuaibei235000P．R．China2InstituteofHydrobiologyChineseAcademyofSciencesWuhan430072P．R．China3ChineseResearchAcademyofEnvironmentalSciencesBeijing100012P．R．ChinaAbstractSeasonaldynamicsandspatialdistributionsofchlorophyll-aconcentrationanditsrelationshiptoenvironmentalfactorsinLakeErhaifromMay2010toApril2011wereinvestigated．Resultsshowedthattheseasonaldynamicsofchlorophyll-aconcentra-tioninLakeErhaiwereobviousrangingfrom4．11to24．30μg/Landwiththeannualmeanvalue10．4±6．5μg/L．Themini-mumandmaximumofchlorophyll-aconcentrationappearedinMarchandSeptemberrespectively．Thechlorophyll-aconcentra-tionsweremuchhigherinsummerandautumnwhilerelativelylowerinwinterandspring．Spatiallychlorophyll-aconcentrationswerethehighestinthesouthernzonesofthelakefollowedbythenorthernandthemiddlezones．Pearsoncorrelationsandprinci-palcomponentanalysissuggestedthatthechlorophyll-aconcentrationhasnegativecorrelationwithtransparencyindifferentzonesofLakeErhaiwhilehaspositivecorrelationwithwatertemperature．Thechlorophyll-aconcentrationwascorrelatedsignificantlywithtotalnitrogeninthenorthernandsouthernzonesofLakeErhaiwhilecorrelatedwithtotalphosphorusinsouthernzones．BasedonthemodifiedCarlsontrophicstateindexthecomprehensiveTSIwas50．6inLakeErhaiindicatingamesotrophicstate．KeywordsLakeErhaichlorophyll-atotalnitrogentotalphosphorusseasonaldynamicspatialdistribution、、、．1970s．1990s199620031．＊＊＊[e-mail][e-mail]．a859、2．a3．Lamon4165a．a、2．5-6．a、、、．11．11Fig．1DistributionofsamplingsitesinLakeErhai2010520114121#～4#、5#～8#9#～12#4．1GPS1．1．25L4、4m、8m5L1L．WT、pHW-22XDSD．TNTPWhatmanGF/C0．45μm．DTNNH+4-NNO－3-N、DTPSRPCODMn7．a8．1．3TSIMTSIM0～100TSIM＜3738＜TSIM＜53TSIM＞549-12．TSIMChl．a=10×2．46+lnChl．a/ln2．5TSIMSD=10×2．46+3．69－1．53lnSD/ln2．5TSIMTP=10×2．46+6．71+1．15lnTP/ln2．5TSI=TSIMChl．a+TSIMSD+TSIMTP/3TSIMChl．a、TSIMSDTSIMTPa、、Chl．a、SD、TPμg/L、m、mg/L．1．4aSPSS17．0forWindowsaPearsonANOVAPostHocTestsLSD4a．Statistica8．0aPrincipalComponentAnalysisPCA．860J．LakeSci．201224622．1a23．8℃811．4℃118．0±4．3℃．．0．63mg/L＞＞0．028mg/L＞＞、、CODMn＞＞、＞＞pH8．8614．42m41．30m9．aP＜0．001P＜0．001．aP=0．096CODMnP=0．065apHP=0．031P=0．020aP=0．024P=0．076CODMnP=0．0581．1an=48Tab．1Meanvaluesofphysical-chemicalfactorsandtheircorrelationswithchlorophyll-aindifferentzonesofLakeErhaiPPPTN/mg/L0．67±0．280．2430．0960．59±0．230．1770．2280．63±0．250．3260．024DTN/mg/L0．43±0．210．0810．5830．44±0．170．0870．5550．47±0．210．1700．248NH+4-N/mg/L0．18±0．120．0970．5130．17±0．100．1470．3200．17±0．16－0．1830．212NO－3-N/mg/L0．11±0．06－0．1140．4400．11±0．05－0．2420．0970．11±0．060．0230．877TP/mg/L0．028±0．010．1380．3500．030±0．01－0．0260．8580．026±0．010．2590．076DTP/mg/L0．015±0．01－0．0180．9020．015±0．01－0．2710．0620．013±0．0040．1060．473SRP/mg/L0．005±0．0030．1690．2500．005±0．0020．0750．6110．005±0．0010．0170．907CODMn/mg/L3．41±0．580．2690．0653．44±0．540．0230．8783．73±0．630．2760．058pH8．88±0．140．1740．2368．86±0．170．3110．0318．85±0．210．1980．177SD/m2．78±1．21－0．720＜0．0012．66±1．09－0．653＜0．0012．30±1．02－0．559＜0．001WT/℃18．3±4．550．590＜0．00117．95±4．330．593＜0．00117．7±4．410．530＜0．001Wd/m/s2．02±1．28－0．0710．6332．32±1．19－0．3360．0203．72±1．94－0．1010．494/m10．6±0．700．0390．79314．19±0．530．1480．3179．16±0．580．1850．2082aFig2SeasonalvariationofChl．aconcentrationinLakeErhai2．2aa---．4．11～24．30μg/L10．4±6．5μg/L20113201092．、a＞＞＞＞．、aa861＞＞3．a10．63±6．42μg/L10．51±7．63μg/L10．11±6．41μg/L．PostHocTestsLSDP=0．015、P＜0．05．3aFig．3SpatialdistributionofChl．aconcentrationinLakeErhaiindifferentseasons2．3aPCA4a、．a．a．33．115．19968TSI=459-10TSI=6413．———TSI＞7514．TSI=41．815．TSIMChl．a、TSIMSDTSIMTP50、4952．9TSI50．6．．3．2a16-17．18．a20109442．1×105cells/L24．3μg/L2011327．8×105cells/L4．11μg/La．、apH、18．a、pHCODMn16．a14．a．a．862J．LakeSci．20122464aPCAFig．4Principalcomponentanalysisbetweenchlorophyll-aandphysical-chemicalfactorsindifferentzonesofLakeErhai、2a．OECD264a80%a11%9%、19．20aTN．1660aTPTN/TP．aTN/TP17．a21．1992-2001、22．20040．574mg/L0．031mg/L5．、0．63mg/L0．028mg/L．1985a1．83μg/L23199682．15μg/L6．a10．4μg/L．Pear-sonPCAa．a．a．、a．a86324-25a．、．19841991530t1996650t13．26-29．．2010848t．a．、40m/s2330．0．77～4．48m/s2．70m/s．a．60%58%31100．5m．、．20109507×105cells/L．a．、、、、、41．．201029332-35．2．a．200726122062-2068．3．a．200430122-26．4LamonECKennethHRKarlEH．UsinggeneralizedadditivemodelsforpredictionofchlorophyllainLakeOkeechobeeFlorida．LakesandReservoirsResearchandManagement1996237-46．5．、．200625113-115．6．．1999112184-188．7《》．4．2002243-280．8．．1991345-348．9CarlsonRE．Atrophicstateindexforlakes．LimnologyandOceanography1977222361-369．10AizakiMOtsukiAFukushimaT．ApplicationofmodifiedCarlson'strophicstateindextoJapaneselakesanditsrelation-shipstootherparametersrelatedtotrophicstate．Tsukuba-Cit