二次性分段好氧技术应用于垃圾填埋的研究

华中科技大学硕士学位论文二次性分段好氧技术应用于垃圾填埋的研究姓名：黎小保申请学位级别：硕士专业：环境工程指导教师：陈朱蕾20050429I1)NH3-N2)IIIIIAbstractTherearesomeproblemsoftheMSWanaerobiclandfilltechnologyatpresentsuchasthedifficultyintheselectionofthelandfillsite,theslownessofthedegradationprocess,thelongtimeofthestabilization,thelowproductionrateofLFG,thedifficultyintheleachatetreatmentandsoon.ThusanewapproachcombinedaerobictreatmenttechnologywithtraditionalanaerobiclandfilltechnologytotheMSWtreatmentwasdiscussedinthispaper,whichwouldachievetothepurposeofmakinguseoflandfillsitemoreefficiently,acceleratingbiodegradationofMSW,enhancingtheoutputandproductionrateofLFG,acceleratingstabilizationoflandfill,reducingthedifficultyofleachatetreatmentandsoon.Twomajorworkswerepresentedinthispaper.Onewasthelabresearchofaerobicbiologicalpre-treatmentonMSW,theotherwasthetechnicsdiscussionandthedesignofsimulativeexperimentdeviceofthe“anaerobic-aerobic”bioreactorlandfilltechnology.1)Labresearchofaerobicbiologicalpre-treatmenteffectTheeffectofaerobicbiologicaltreatmenttechnologyappliedtopre-treatmentwasprobedinthisstudyonlandfilltreatmentofMSWwithhighwatercontentandhighorganicsubstanceconcentration,whichwasexpectedtoprovidesomegistforitsapplicationfeasibility.CharacteristicsofequablymixedMSWweremeasuredbeforeexperiment.Someindexesofmoistureandvolumedecreaseweremeasuredintheprocess.Thetechno-economyeffectoftheprojectswithandwithoutpretreatmentwasevaluatedsyntheticallybymeansofcost-benefitanalysismethod.Theresultsshowedthattheaerobicbiologicalpre-treatmentcanreducemoisturecontentanddecreaseweightandvolume,canreducetheconcentrationofNH3-Ninthelixiviumsoastoreducethedifficultyofleachatetreatment.Meanwhile,theeconomicindexoftheprojectwithpretreatmentexcelledthatoftheonewithoutpretreatment.2)Thetechnicsstrategyof“anaerobic-aerobic”bioreactorlandfillAccordingtothedevelopmenttrendandresearchhotspotofsanitarylandfillatIVhomeandabroad,the“anaerobic-aerobic”bioreactorlandfillnewtechnologywithlessinvestmentandlowerrunningcostwasbroughtforwardbasedontheengineeringpracticeandtheproblemsoftraditionalsanitarylandfillandtheintegrationoflandfilltechnologyinexistence.Thestructuralcharacteristicanddecontaminationmechanismwereanalyzedandsummarizedbasedonreferringtoagreatofliteratureinformation.Accordingtothetechnicsstrategy,asetofsimulationexperimentdevicewasdesignedandprocessed.Testrunningofthedevicewascarriedout.Inthispaper,atechnicsstrategyoftwo-stageaerobicprocessappliedintraditionalanaerobiclandfillwasbroughtforward,whichchangedsingularityanaerobictreatmentstyleoftraditionalsanitarylandfill.Keywords:municipalsolidwaste(MSW),landfill,aerobicbiologicalpre-treatment,“anaerobic-aerobic”bioreactor111.1(20056002052)1.221605200[1]8~10%[2]75%88%[3,4]90%[5]()()()2[6~8]1.33.2~4.52~31003020001.565020102030205061089.310811.99108440kg2.641084.091085.28108l-12150[9~13]31-21-3[14~17]1-1[13]Table1-1Presentstateandincreasetendencyofcitypopulationandmunicipalsolidwasteofchina1997201020302050/108/108/10812.363.701.3013.956.002.6415.509.304.0915.8711.905.281-2Table1-2Mainmunicipalsolidwastetreatmentmethodsinthecitiesabroad/%/1041989250008~10846.01996320008~106228.01991507771.8178.71.51993500074.3158.91.81993200013834.01995338036613.0199320004245103.01993200016747.03.01993133066417.013.01993358354916.0199329024488201993180711649199013046515161993910973199322022675619937703545515199326590101993370761113198718785151-25080%41-3Table1-3MunicipalsolidwastetreatmentmethodscomparisonofChina150~500t/d2~4100~200t/d500~900m2t-160~100m2t-1110~150m2t-19~1230~3612~183767kJ/kg40%5~7215~3010~15%30~40%pH11~26m3()6~14(t/d)20~65(t/d)15~35t-120~45t-140~90t-151-3~~~1-390~9575~851.41.4.16[18,19]1)2040~502)2060~703)2070~804)20801.4.2[20]199192000[21]2001[22]200461(CJJ17-2004)1.0.3[23]71.4.3[24]1)2)3)4)5)[24~26]1)2)3)4)5)86)1.51)2)3)0.1922.137~62%85~90%95%[27]CD1999/31/EU/1999200675%200960%201635%TOC20045%[28][29]1069.10%32.40%1.21.8[30]10[31]2.2(2-1)[9]2-1Fig.2-1AerobicdecomposingprocessoforganicsubstanceintheMSWundertheactionofaerobicmicrobe2.2.12-2[24]CHONPSCO2H2ONH3PO43SO4211TCACO2H2O2-2Fig.2-2Commonlypathwayofaerobicdegradationoforganicsubstance2.2.2[32~34]CoACO2+H2O12[32~34](1)rg⋅=pK(2-1)gpKr(2)Monodrr+=sKUUmax(2-2)YUm=(2-3)YUmaxmaxm=(2-4)UUmaxsKrììmaxYsKrììmaxUUmaxsKrUUmaxr/sK132.32.3.1()()()()(145%35%20%250%30%20%355%25%20%460%20%20%)2.3.2250g[35,36](VS)[37]NH3-NCOD[38]2.42-12-1Table2-1MaininstrumentsandapparatusSHA-C721CODHI99108WZR12001101A-2LZB-10142.52.5.1()2-22-26~972-2Table2-2FermentationtimeofdifferentMSWratios()%%14535672503076355259846020892.5.22-32-3Table2-3Changesofmaterialsintheprocessofcomposting%kg%kg/m3(%)(%)145354630362354303523862503049363522613628431035525564034216538233263460206145352069392052262-332~4135~4513~16%56~71158~102-339tkdeSS-=0(2-5)S0%S%kdd-1tdkd=0.122d-1(2-5)2-3Fig.2-3ChangesofVScontentwithdifferentMSWratios2.5.3NH3-NNH3-N2-4162-4NH3-NFig.2-4ChangesofNH3-NconcentrationinthelixiviumwithdifferentMSWratiosNH3-NNH3-N2.5.4CODNH3-N2-52-5CODFig.2-5ChangesofCODconcentrationinthelixiviumwithdifferentMSWrat