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ChinaBiotechnology,2007,27(4):1391451,22322(14300702430062),;,Q815:2006210231:20072012303,:huangfh@oilcrops.cn(polyunsaturatedfattyacid,PUFA),,2(GLA)22(DHGLA)(ARA)(EPA)(DHA)PUFAPUFA(PG),[1],DHA[23]EPA,[46]PUFA,PUFA,PUFAPUFA,PUFA,,PUFA[7]1PUFAPUFA,,,PUFA,,2b5(NADH2Cytb5)b5(Cytb5)[8],66GLA,54,ARAEPADHA,;,PUFA,,A(CoA)Jones[9]Acanthamoebacastellanii122Spychalla[10]Caenorhabditiselegansfatl,ColinRatledge[7],Schizochutriumsp.Ulkeniasp.DHA,(PKS)DHA2PUFAPUFAChinaBiotechnologyVol.27No.42007,PUFA,,PUFA2.1,:(1),PUFA;(2),;(3),;(4),,[11]PUFAPUFA(Spirulinaspp.)(Chlorellaspp)(Porohyridiumcruentum)(Phaeodactylumtricornutum)(Crypthecodiniumcohnii)(Isochrysisgalbana)[12]PUFA50%;:(Asoergullusterreus)(Clavicepspurpurea)(Tolyposporiumehrenbergii)(Mortierellaalpina)(Mortierellaisabellina)(Mortierellaramanniana)(Cunninghamellaelegans)[13][14](M.alpina)602MA290,GLA1.157g/L[15](M.isabellina)AS313410,(UV)(DES)(NTG)M018,60L37.8g/L,79.2%,GLA68.4%[16](Mortierellaalpina),,ARAI492N18,ARA4.66g/LARA,50tARA5.11g/LPUFA,PUFAEPA,Jareonkitmongkol[17]212,10,EPA1.0g/L,6.4g/LKawashima[18]25,12,DHGLA7.0g/L,43.9%,7.5%4.4%,GLA3.2%,DHGLA,,PUFA,PUFA1999EijiSakuradani[19]IS24(Mortierellaalpina1S24)6,,GLA25.2%Huang[20]126,,1225%;6GLA10%;126,GLA8%,SeikiTakeno[21]IS24(Mortierellaalpina1S24)Zeocin,pDZeoGLELOtransformant#63,ARA,[22],,2001[23]ATCC162666-,YMAD6,GLA,31.6%,[24]62,GLA12.6%,PUFA,PUFA,,,PUFA[25]0412007,27(4):PUFA,,PUFA,,PUFA2.2PUFA,PUFAC/N,pH2.2.1PUFA,PUFA,,[26]T.roseumATCC28210DHA,DHA,DHA,,DHAT.roseumATCC28210,,,DHA10.7%7.3%,DHA75mg45mg[27](CrypthecodiniumcohniiATCC30556)DHA,/(1:1,w/w),,DHA0.54g/L,0.28g/L,PUFA,PUFA,,PUFAM.alpinaATCC32222,6.0%PUFA,8.0%PUFA[28],,(2g/L),(CBS203.28)28%,91%,GLA40mg/g[29][30],235,9.1g/L,47%,67.2%,[31]M14,,,C/N,C/NHung2DerJang[28]M.alpinaATCC32222PUFA2:1(w/w)PUFAWeete[32]Thraustochytriumsp.ATCC26185,,Mg2+Zn2+,,Zn2+.,Mg2+2500mg/LARA[33],2.2.2pHpH,3.56.0,,pH,,pH,,pHPUFA,PUFA,,,,;,PUFA,,Singh[34]Thraustochytriumsp.ATCC20892,141ChinaBiotechnologyVol.27No.42007251,153,DHA,,,,,PUFAT.aureumATCC3430433w,DHA[35]2.3PUFAPUFA,PUFA1986,PUFA,John&SturgeGLA100t2000ARA,50m3,ARA50%,3%,30%2004,ARA,DSM100m3,ARA49%,40%,2003ARA480t,Martek100m3DHA,40%,DHA39%,DHA240t,DSMDHAARA1:2(v/v)PUFA,PUFA,3PUFAPUFAPUFA,,,,PUFAPUFA3.1,,,,(1):;(2);(3):5023d;(4):22,,,,,,3.2PUFAPUFAPUFA,,,Yokochi[36]GLA,,-204-20,,[37]n26PUFA,20%80%,Zhu[38](Mortierellaalpina)ARA,ARA57.1%2412007,27(4):CO2,CO2,,[39]CO2GLA,GLA,,GLA;,,GLA,,,PUFA,PUFAMukherjee[40]R.mieheiC.rugosa,GLA10%47%69%,PUFA,PUFA4PUFA,,,PUFA:(1);(2)PUFA;(3);(4);(5)PUFA;(6),[1]OwenPWard,AjaySingh.Omega23/6fattyacid:Alternativesourcesofproduction.ProcessBiochemistry,2005,126[2],.Omega23.,1995,11(1):5MiuB,ZhangAZ.ChinesePharmacologicalBulletin,1995,11(1):5[3],,..,1994,16(2):164YangXP,DaiYS.ChenH.ActaNutrimentaSinica,1994,16(2):164[4]FentonWS,HibbelnJ,KnableM.Essentialfattyacids,Lipidmembraneabnormalities,andthediagnosisandtreatmentofschizophrenia.Bio2Psychiatry,2000,47(1):821[5]PeetM.NutritionandSchizophrenia:Beyondomega23fattyacids.ProstaglandinsLeukotEssentFattyAcids,2004,70(4):417422[6]TisdaleMJ.Wastingincancer.Nutr,1999,129(1):243246[7]ColinRatledge.FattyAcidbiosynthesisinmicroorganismsbeingusedforsinglecelloilproduction.Biochimie,2004,86:807815[8],,,..,1999,24(2):3437XuHS,LuoYP,LiSG,etal.ChinaOilsandFats,1999,24(2):3437[9]JonesAL,LioydD.Harwood.Biochem,1993,296:183188[10]SpychallaJP,KinneyAJ.BrowseJ.Identificationofananimal23fattyaciddesaturasebyheterologousexpressioninArabidopsis.ProcNatlAcadSCIUSA,1997,94:11421147[11],..,2004(3):4344YanZ,ChenJ.MachineryforCerealsOilandFoodProcessing,2004(3):4344[12]..:,2001.463466WuSM.FunctionalFatsandOils.Beijing:ChinaLightIndustryPress,2001.463466[13],,,..,2003(11):1214PuHY,HeZF,LiuCFetal.CerealandOils,2003(11):1214[14],,,.MA2902.,1995,5(1):2729ZhangDH,WangWM,LuWH,etal.Biotechnology,1995,5(1):2729[15],,,..,1998,25(4):187191HuangJZ,ShiQQ,ZhouXL,etal.Microbiology,1998,25(4):187191[16],,,..,2003.6:2225YuanCL,WangJ,YaoJM,etal.ChineseHighTechologyLetters,2003.6:2225[17]JareonkitmongkolS,ShimizuS,YamadaH.Productionofeicosapentaenoicacid2containingoilbyadelta212desaturase2defectivemutantofmortierellaalpina1S24.JAOCS,1993,70:119123[18]KawashimaH,AkimotoK,HigashiyamaK,etal..Industrialproductionofdihomo2gamma2linolenicacidbyadelta52desaturase2defectivemutantofmortierellaalpina1S24fungus.JAOCS,2000,77:11351138341ChinaBiotechnologyVol.27No.42007[19]EijiSakuradani,MichihikoKobayashi,SakayuShimizu.62Fattyaciddesaturasefromanarachidonicacid2producingMortierellafungusgenecloninganditsheterologousexpressioninafungus,Aspergillus.Gene,1999,238(2):445453[20]HuangYS,ChaudharyS,ThurmondJM,eta1.Cloningof122and62desaturasesfromMortierellaalpinaandrecombinantproductionof2linolenieacidinS.cerevisiac.Lipids,1999,34:649659[21]SeikiTakeno,EijiSakuradani,AkikoTomi,etal.Transformationofoil2producingfungus,Mortierellaalpina1S24,usingzeocin,andapplicationtoarachidonicacidproduction.BioscienceandBioengineering,2005,100(6):617622[22],,,.cDNA9cDNA.,2000,40(6):6l0613ZhangYH,LinWT,YaoRH,etal.ActaMicrobiolog