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:2000-05-31:(No.49772159,49832005).李东艳 钟佐 孔 惠 刘 菲 王艳玲(中国地质大学水资源与环境工程系,北京100083):..,,.,..:;;;.:P641.73 :A:1000-2383(2000)05-0493-05:,,,1971,2000(),,. .、、(BTEX),、.2080,,,.,.,BTEX[1,2].,,,BTEX.、[3,4]、[5,6][7,8]BTEX.,[9～11],[12～14].EPA199610“”,,,,.,.(1),;(2),;(3),.,.BTEX、,,.,、、.1 1.1 ,20cm.,.().1.2 、、.1.3 ;、、.,14,3,1.7,1～7.1,,.2,,255———Vol.25 No.520009EarthScience—JournalofChinaUniversityofGeosciencesSep. 20001 Table1Constitutionofmicrocosmsms/gVw/mLρ()/(mg·L-1)ρ()/(mg·L-1)ρ(NO-3)/(mg·L-1)ρ(SO2-4)/(mg·L-1)n(NaMoO4)/mmolρ(NaNO3)/(mg·L-1)1205043.934002205043.934004005003205043.9343.354004205043.934004005205043.93400400206205043.9343.35400400706043.934004008205043.931009205043.9303-1205058.5803-2205058.581003-3205014.6403-410mL5043.932003-510mL5043.9343.35500:NO-3,SO2-4,NO-3SO2-4;ms.;Vw..;7,,.36,.5(),41,.1～7,89,1,,.5,3-13-5.3-13-39,3-28,,.3-43-5,.1.4 (1)()60h.、(80∶10∶10).,.(2),20g,()2d.120mL.(3),...(4),,10μL,.(5)、20℃.2 2.1 HewlettPackard6890+.,10μL5μL.(FID),:HP-5(30.0m×320μm×0.25μm),250℃;200℃,,10∶1;,1.0mL/min,70℃,1.5min,20℃/min150℃,2min;,30mL/min.,.,.,.5%.,(0.5,494———250.35mg/L,0.3mg/L),.,.500μL300μL,5.8μg/L(),5μg/L().2.2 Dionex-120.:CDM-3,IonPacAS14(250mm×4mm),IonPacAG14(50mm×4mm);Na2CO3-NaHCO3(4.375mmol∶1.25mmol),1.17mL/min;5μL.2mL,,.3 3.1 ,,27,,().(12-1～2-9,BT),.367d,7d,131、894mg/L.,,,,,,.,.3.2 BTEX,.Arin1989,-;、-、,,、-.,,DavisVerheul([15]).1,365,,(,,70),.362d;3～4d.3.3 3～43～5,13,1.,.,,.3.4 ,(2).,.5,,4,SO2-4.,..,NO-2N2,.,:C6H6+6NO-36HCO-3+3N2;(1)C6H6+15NO-3+3H2O 6HCO-3+15NO-2+6H+.(2)(1)(,B)m(NO-3)/m(B)()4.77,NO-2m(NO-3)/m(B)11.92.,,.X,:C6H6+(6-4.6X)NO-3+(6-4.6X)H+ XC5H7O2N+(6-5X)CO2+ (3-2.8X)N2+(6-5.8X)H2O.(3),X.X,.X0.2,m(NO-3)/m(B)4.04;X0.6,m(NO-3)/m(B)2.57.,2～3,,[13].,495 5 :1 Fig.1Benzeneandtoluenedegradationinmicrocosms2-1B.1;2-6T.62 Table2Reductionofnitrateinmicrocosmsmg/L123456789118.000.00174.90116.00124.50173.0044.49133.1093.6594.41122.9078.5739.4974.47,.,.,,;,.,,.,.,,3～4d;,.,.:[1]WilsonJT,McNabbJF,WilsonBH,etal.Biotransfor-mationofselectedorganicpollutantsingroundwater[J].DevIndMicrobiol,1983,24:225～23.[2]SongHG,BarthaR.Bioremediationpotentialofterrestri-alfuelspills[J].AppliedEnvironMicrobiol,1990,56:652～656.[3]LovleyDR,WoodwardJC,ChapelleFH.Rapidanaero-496———25bicbenzeneoxidationwithavarietyofchelatedFe(Ⅲ)forms[J].AppliedEnvironMicrobiol,1996,62:288～291.[4]AndersonRT,Rooney-VargaJN,GawCV,etal.AnaerobicbenzeneoxidationintheFe(Ⅲ)reductionzoneofpetroleum-contaminatedaquifers[J].EnvironSciTech-nol,1988,32:1222～1229.[5]EdwardsEA,Grbic-GalicD.Completemineralizationofbenzenebyaquifermicroorganismsunderstrictlyanaerobicconditions[J].AppliedEnvironMicrobiol,1992,58:2663～2666.[6]WeinerJM,LovleyDR.Anaerobicbenzenedegradationinpetroleum-contaminatedaquifersedimentsafterinocula-tionwithabenzene-oxidizingenrichment[J].AppliedEn-vironMicrobiol,1998,64:775～778.[7]EdwardsEA,Grbic-GalicD.Anaerobicdegradationoftolueneando-xylenebyamethanogenicconsortium[J].AppliedEnvironMicrobiol,1994,60:313～322.[8]WeinerJM,LovleyDR.Rapidbenzenedegradationinmethanogenicsedimentsfromapetroleum-contaminatedaquifer[J].AppliedEnvironMicrobiol,1998,64:1937～1939.[9]KuhnEP,ZeyerJ,EicherP,etal.Anaerobicdegrada-tionofalkylatedbenzenesindenitrifyinglaboratoryaquifercolumns[J].AppliedEnvironMicrobiol,1988,54:490～496.[10]LovleyDR.PotentialforanaerobicbioremediationofBTEXinpetroleum-contaminateaquifers[J].JournalofIndustrialMicrobiology&Biotechnology,1997,18:75～81.[11]AlvarezPJJ,VogelTM.DegradationofBTEXandtheiraerobicmetabolitesbyindigenousmicroorganismsundernitratereducingconditions[J].WatSciTechnol,1995,31:15～28.[12]MajorDW,MayfieldCL,BarkerJF.Biotransforma-tionofbenzenebydenitrificationinaquifersand[J].GroundWater,1988,26:8～14.[13]BurlandSM,EdwardsEA.Anaerobicbenzenebiodegra-dationlinkednitratereduction[J].AppliedEnvironMi-crobiol,1999,65:529～533.[14],,.[J].,1999,19:505～509.[15]AlvarezPJJ,TimothyMV.Substrateinteractionsofbenzene,toluene,andpara-xyleneduringmicrobialdegradationbypureculturesandmixedcultureaquiferslurries[J].AppliedEnvironMicrobiol,1991,57:2981～2985.MICROCOSMSTUDYOFBENZENEDEGRADATIONONNITRATEREDUCINGCONDITIONSLiDongyan ZhongZuoshen KongHui LiuFei WangYanling(DepartmentofWaterResourcesandEnvironmentalEngineering,ChinaUniversityofGeosciences,Bei-jing100083,China)Abstract:Thispaperdiscussesthebiodegradationofbenzeneinanaerobicmicrocosms.Theincovulawerefromthesuburbanricesoil.Theresultsindicatethatbenzeneandtoluenedegradationoccurredconcomitantlywithnitratereductioninenrichmentandtransfercultures.Toluenewasdegradedmorereadilythanbenzene,andbenzenedegradationwasenhancedbythepresenceoftoluene.Thisisaninstanceofbenzenedegradationonnitratereducingconditions.Keywords:biodegradation;nitratereduction;benzene;microcosm.497 5 :