非均相臭氧催化氧化系统研究及其对印染废水的深度处理

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硕士学位论文非均相臭氧催化氧化系统研究及其对印染废水的深度处理RESEARCHONTHESYSTEMOFHETEROGENEOUSCATALYTICOZONATIONANDITS’ADVANCEDTREATMENTOFDYEDINGWASTEWATER王维业哈尔滨工业大学2016年6月国内图书分类号:P76学校代码:10213国际图书分类号:502密级:公开理学硕士学位论文非均相臭氧催化氧化系统研究及其对印染废水的深度处理硕士研究生:王维业导师:尤宏教授申请学位:理学硕士学科:海洋科学所在单位:海洋科学与技术学院答辩日期:2016年6月授予学位单位:哈尔滨工业大学ClassifiedIndex:P76U.D.C:502DissertationfortheMasterDegreeinScienceRESEARCHONTHESYSTEMOFHETEROGENEOUSCATALYTICOZONATIONANDITS’ADVANCEDTREATMENTOFDYEDINGWASTEWATERCandidate:WangWeiyeSupervisor:Prof.YouHongAcademicDegreeAppliedfor:MasterofScienceSpeciality:MarineScienceAffiliation:SchoolofMarineScienceandTechnologyDateofDefence:June,2016Degree-Conferring-Institution:HarbinInstituteofTechnology哈尔滨工业大学理学硕士学位论文I摘要印染废水属于高浓度难降解的有机废水,由于新型染料的应用、纺织染整行业废水排放标准的提高,现阶段印染废水的色度、COD和B/C值很难达标排放,排放的废水中仍然包含很多难降解的大分子有机物,而非均相臭氧催化氧化可以在反应中迅速断裂发色集团,降解有害物质,可使印染废水在短时间内稳定达到国家排放标准,具有巨大的经济和生态意义。本设计构建了以内循环流化床为核心的非均相臭氧催化氧化印染废水小试及中试深度处理工艺。通过比较颗粒活性炭(GAC)、活性碳纤维毡(ACF)、活性炭纤维长丝(PAN-ACF)3种载体以及单独负载(锰或镁)和联合负载(锰镁联合负载)制成的不同新型催化剂的负载和催化性能,发现复合金属氧化物型催化剂MnO2&MgO/GAC的负载效果最好且均匀、催化性能优越、处理达到稳定时间短、降解程度高,因此选择MnO2&MgO/GAC作为本研究的最优催化剂。对影响臭氧催化氧化印染废水实际应用及处理效果的两个实验装置参数(进气流速、臭氧浓度)和其余四个工艺参数(催化剂用量、pH、废水初始浓度、温度)进行探究。通过一系列预实验及正交试验,确定了进气流速0.8L/min、臭氧浓度30mg/L、催化剂用量2g/L、废水初始浓度0.9、温度20或25℃、pH=8做为此技术深度处理印染废水的最佳工艺参数,此时整个系统处在对印染废水处理的高效率和实际处理成本合理的交接点;同时,在最佳工艺参数条件下,通过中试系统的运行,发现与小试差异不大,说明其适合在实际处理中应用。通过对技术的实际应用性和系统机理的探究,发现催化剂运行30h后磨损率低于5%,使用9次后降解效率仅降低6%,即技术具有较好的稳定性和耐用性。对机理的考察发现在本催化氧化系统中自由基反应占总体氧化的71%,证明MnO2&MgO/GAC与O3的协同作用可在本实验系统中产生大量的自由基,从而大大提升降解的速度和深度。在最优催化剂及最佳工艺参数条件下,本系统对印染废水的去除效率高、去除速度快,并且处理效果稳定。印染废水的COD在20min左右降到国家标准规定的50mg/L以下,色度在10~15min左右降至30倍以下,20min时B/C即由原0.04上升至0.39,出水达到了《纺织染整工业水污染物排放标准GB4287-2012》规定的排放标准。关键词:臭氧催化氧化;非均相;印染废水;MnO2&MgO/GAC;工艺条件哈尔滨工业大学理学硕士学位论文IIAbstractDyeingwastewaterisakindofhighconcentrationofrefractoryorganicwastewater,astheinventionofnewdyes,andtheimprovingoftextiledyeingindustrywastewaterdischargestandards,nowadaysthedyeingwastewater’sCOD,B/Cvalueandchromaticityaredifficulttodegrade,inthedischargeofwastewaterstillcontainsmanynonbiodegradableorganicmolecules.AsanimportanttechnologyofAOPs,heterogeneouscatalyticozonationprocesscanquicklybreakthedyemolecules’colorgroupinthereaction,andcanquicklyreachastablestateemissionstandardinashorttime,soastoachievethedischargestandard;thereforethisstudyhasgreateconomicandecologicalsignificance.Inthisresearch,webuildalab-scaleandapilot-scaletreatmentprocessofheterogeneouscatalyticozonation,whicharebasedonthethree-phaseinnercirculatingfluidizedbedreactor.Bycomparingthreekindscarriers’(ACF,PAN-ACF,GAC)anddifferentmetalloadtypes’(separateload,compositeload)physicalandcatalyticpropertiesofthesenewtypesofcatalystsbeforeandafterloading,wefoundMnO2&MgO/GAChasthebesteffectofloadingMnO2&MgO,ithassuperiorcatalyticperformance,thetimeofreachingtostabilitystateoftreatmentisshort,italsohasahighdegreeofdegradation,sowechooseMnO2&MgO/GACastheoptimalcatalystinthisstudy.Thenweexploretwoparametersofexperimentaldevice(gasflowrate,ozoneconcentration)andotherfourprocessparameters(thedosageofcatalyst,initialpH,initialconcentrationofwastewater,temperature).Throughaseriesofpreliminaryandorthogonalexperiment,wechoosegasflowrate0.8/min,ozoneconcentration30mg/L,dosageofcatalyst2g/L,initialpH8,initialconcentrationofwastewater0.9,temperature20or25℃asthebestprocessparameters,atthisconditionthewholesystemisattheintersectionoftreatmentefficiencyandreasonablecost.Throughtheoperationofthepilot-scalesystem,wefoundtherehassmalldifferenceoflab-scalesystem,soitissuitablefortheapplicationoftheactualprocessing.Throughthestudyofthissystem’spracticabilityandits’mechanism,wefoundtheoptimalcatalyst’swearrateisbelow5%afterrunning30h,andtherelativereductioninthedegradationefficiencyisonly6%afterninetimes,soMnO2&MgO/GAChasagoodstabilityanddurability.Wealsofoundthefreeradicalreationsin哈尔滨工业大学理学硕士学位论文IIIthissystemaccountedfor71%oftotaloxidationreaction.ItprovedMnO2&MgO/GACwithO3cangeneratelargenumberoffreeradicalsinthesystem,whichcangreatlyimprovethespeedanddepthofdegradation.Undertheoptimumprocessparameters,wefoundthattheheterogeneouscatalyticozonationsystemfordyeingwastewatercanreachhighremovalefficiency,theremovalofCODandchrominanceisfastandstable,CODcanreachto50mg/Lafter20mines,chrominancedownto30unitorlessatabout10to15minutes,andtheB/Ccanriseto0.39from0.04in20mins.TheeffluentcanreachtheprescribeddischargestandardsofThedyeingIndustrialWaterPollutantDischargeStandard(GB4287-2012).Keywords:catalyticozonation,heterogeneous,dyeingwastewater,MnO2&MgO/GAC,processconditions哈尔滨工业大学理学硕士学位论文IV目录摘要..........................................................................................................................IABSTRACT................................................................................................................II第1章绪论...........................................................................................................11.1课题来源及研究的背景和意义..................................................................11.1.1课题来源.......................................................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