废水回用方式对水网络碳足迹的影响分析梁永利

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31120111IndustrialWaterTreatmentVol.31No.1Jan.,2011,,,,,(,200092)[],,、、。,,。,24.69%26.38%;,、。[];;[]TQ021.8;TQ085[]A[]1005-829X(2011)01-0001-04AnalysisoftheeffectsofwastewaterreusemeansonthecarbonfootprintofwaternetworksystemsLiangYongli,XuJingcheng,HuangJuwen,MiXiaojuan,RuanXing,LiGuangming(KeyLaboratoryofYangtzeAquaticEnvironment,DepartmentofEducation,CollegeofEnvironmentalScienceandEngineering,TongjiUniversity,Shanghai200092,China)Abstract:Sincethechemicalenterpriseswhosewaterconsumptionistypicallyhigh,analyzingtheircarbonfootprintofwaternetworksystemshasgreatsignificanceforthepromotionofcleanproduction,optimizationofwaterresourcedistribution,andreductionofcarbondioxideemission.Freshwaterandelectricenergyarechosenasthetwodecidingfactorsforcalculatingthecarbonfootprintofwaternetworksystems.Theeffectsofdifferentkindsofwastewaterreusemeansonthecarbonfootprintofwaternetworksystemsareanalyzedforatitaniumplant.Thestudydemonstratesthatthecarbonfootprintofdirectwastewaterreusenetworksystemsandregeneratedwastewaterreusenetworksystemscanbelowerby24.69%and26.38%,respectively.Comparedwiththedirectwaternetworksystems,theregeneratedwastewaterreusenetworksystemshavesmallercarbonfootprintchange,intheaspects,suchasfreshwaterconsumption,wastewaterdischargeandwastewaterreuse.Keywords:wastewaterreusemeans;waternetworksystem;carbonfootprint、,。,,“”〔1〕。,〔1-8〕。,,。,96%~98%〔1-3〕。,。,,,,。[](2009ZX07317-005)12011-01,31(1)1,。,,。,。1.1,,。,P1,。P1,、〔9〕。P1:Fmin=iΣFi(1):j≠iΣ[Ci,inlim-Cj,out]Xi,j+Ci,inlimFi≥0(2)j≠iΣ[Ci,outlim-Cj,out]Xi,j+Ci,outlimFi≥△mi(3)Fi+j≠iΣXi,j-Wi-j≠iΣXj,i=0(4):Fmin———,t/h;Fi———i,t/h;Ci,inlim———i,mg/L;Ci,outlim———i,mg/L;Cj,out———j,mg/L;Xi,j———ji,t/h;Wi———i,t/h;△mi———i,kg/h。,P2,。P2P1,P1,(8)〔9〕。P2(1)。:j≠iΣ[Ci,inlim-Cj,out]Xi,j+Ci,inlimFi+[Ci,inlim-C0]Xi,r≥0(5)j≠iΣ[Ci,outlim-Cj,out]Xi,j+Ci,outlimFi+[Ci,outlim-C0]Xi,r=△mi(6)Fi+j≠iΣXi,j+Xi,r-Wi-j≠iΣXj,i-Xr,i=0(7)iΣXi,r=iΣXr,i(8):C0———,mg/L;Xi,r———i,t/h;Xr,i———i,t/h。,。,,、。,,,,,,。,,。1.2,、、4。,、;,、;,;,3〔2〕。,96%~98%〔1-3〕,(),。,,(9)。TF=ff×Fmin+fe×E(9):TF———,kg/h;ff———,0.302kg/t〔10〕;fe———,0.785kg/(kW·h)〔11〕;E———,kW·h/h。22011-01,31(1),:22.18:、()、()、、、、,292.0t/h,1。:t/h,。1,,Fe2+,A,A。,,Ca2+,B。(A3mg/L,B200mg/L),。1。12.2P1P2(CWNS),(DWNS)2,(RWNS)3。232。2DWNSRWNSCWNS。CWNS、DWNS、RWNS292.0、174.6、174.6m3/h,40.41%。CWNS;DWNS,;RWNS,,。DWNSRWNSCWNS。CWNS、DWNSRWNS85.74、82.00、78.64kW·h/h,4.36%8.29%。,,,,RWNSijCi,inlim/(mg·L-1)Ci,outlim/(mg·L-1)Flimi(t·h-1)1AB0101285.62AB0140110035.73AB0140247740.34AB01050213.05AB10235753622.76AB20235753622.77AB10023510004045.48AB50068010004126.6/(t·h-1)292.0174.6174.6090.85.00099.2292.0174.6174.6/(kW·h·h-1)33.6117.5217.52032.321.960010.3152.1332.1648.8485.7482.0078.633。,,CWNS。2.33。33,CWNS、DWNS、RWNS155.48、117.10、114.45kg/h,38.38、41.03kg/h,24.69%26.38%。,DWNS、RWNS63.75、50.66kg/h,CWNS41.00%、32.58%,。,,DWNS。,,,;,,,,DWNS。,DWNS、RWNS25.37、9.63kg/h,CWNS16.32%6.19%,。,DWNS,RWNS。,DWNS,,RWNS、,,DWNSRWNS。3、,、CO2。,:(1)(DWNS)、(RWNS)(CWNS)24.69%、26.38%,RWNS。,、。(2)DWNS,RWNS、。,DWNS、RWNS41.00%、32.58%,;,DWNS、RWNS16.32%、6.19%,。[][1]LimSR,ParkJM.Cooperativewaternetworksystemtoreducecarbonfootprint[J].EnviromentalScience&Technology,2008,42(16):6230-6236.[2]LimSR,ParkJM.EnvironmentalandeconomicanalysisofawaternetworksystemusingLCAandLCC[J].AmericanInstituteofche-micalEngineers,2007,53(12):3253-3262.[3]LimSR,ParkD,ParkJM.Analysisofeffectsofanobjectivefunctiononenvironmentalandeconomicperformanceofawaternetworksystemusinglifecycleassessmentandlifecyclecostingmethods[J].ChemicalEngineeringJournal,2008,144(3):368-378.[4]StruttJ,WilsonS,Shorney-DarbyH,etal.Assessingthecarbonfootprintofwaterproduction[J].JournaloftheAmericanWaterWorksAssociation,2008,100(6):80-91.[5]ChristenK.Thecarbonfootprintoftransportationfuels[J].Environ-mentalScience&Technology,2007,41(19):6636.[6]HeinenR,JohnsonE.Carbonfootprintsofbiofuelsandpetrofuels[J].IndustrialBiotechnology,2008,4(3):257-261.[7]WeberCL,MatthewsHS.QuantifyingtheglobalanddistributionalaspectsofAmericanhouseholdcarbonfootprint[J].EcologicalEconomics,2008,66(2/3):379-391.[8]SeniorK.UKbusinessembracescarbonfootprintreduction[J].FrontiersinEcologyandtheEnviroment,2007,5(6):288.[9]JamesG,MannYALiu.[M].,.:,2005:319-332.[10]Ecoinventdata.SwissCenterforLifeCycleInventories[EB/OL].[2010-03-25].[11].[EB/OL].[2010-04-10].[](1986—),2008。:021-35313831,E-mail:liangyongli3956@163.com。:,E-mail:ligm@tongji.edu.cn。[]2010-10-05()(CWNS)(DWNS)(RWNS)/(kg·h-1)88.1852.7352.7326.3813.7513.75025.371.54008.0940.9225.2538.34155.48117.10114.452011-01,31(1)4

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