·····:1009-6825(2008)02-0185-02:2007-08-31: (1981-),,, 100044(1959-),,,,, 100044朱 霞 赵宗升 :对生物脱氮新工艺进行了较全面的综述,分析了影响NO2-N积累的主要因素为游离氨、pH值、温度、溶解氧、污泥龄和有害物质,主要介绍了短程硝化反硝化、厌氧氨氧化和CANON等生物脱氮新工艺的微生物学原理,研究应用现状、发展前景以及存在的问题。:生物脱氮,新工艺,短程硝化,厌氧氨氧化,Sharon:TU992.3:A ,,。,、,。/,。1 1.1 传统生物脱氮工艺NO-2-NNO-3-N。NO-2-NNO-3-N。,,。,,5%。1.2 新型生物脱氮工艺,。1975,Voets[1]。NH4+,,;,NH4+※NO-2※N2。,NO-2/(NO-3+NO-2)0.5。2 2.1 游离氨浓度(FA)[3],FA。An-thonisenNH30.1mg/L~1.0mg/L,10mg/L~150mg/L[4]。,,,,。2.2 pHpH。pH,pH7.0~8.5,6.0~7.5。HellingapH,pH,,。,pH7.5~8.5,。2.3 DO,DO。Laanbroek,0.2mg/L~0.4mg/L,1.2mg/L~1.5mg/L。Ruiza,2.7mg/L~5.7mg/L,NO2-N;0.7mg/L~1.4mg/L,NO2-N。,NO2-N。2.4 温度35℃,20℃~30℃。15℃~30℃。30℃NO2-N。,,40℃。2.5 污泥龄,pH,,。2.6 毒性物质、,、、、、、、、、,Zn,Cu,Hg,Cr,Ni,Co,CdPb。,。3 3.1 Sharon工艺1997DelftSharon,。(30℃~40℃),·185· 第34卷第2期2008年1月 山西建筑SHANXI ARCHITECTURE Vol.34No.2Jan. 2008DOI:10.13719/j.cnki.cn14-1279/tu.2008.02.008。,,,。,Sharon:1),;2),;3)pH90%,;4),。3.2 Anammox工艺Anammox,DelftKluy-er20。,NH4+,NO2-,NO2-NH4+N2。:NH+4+NO-2※N2←+2H2O。,、。JetternAnammox20℃~43℃,40℃,pH=6.7~8.3(pH=8)。,Anammox:1),。2)。Anammox,()。3)NO2-NO2-。Sharon-AnammoxStrous,Sharon。,,。3.3 Canon工艺Canon。。(0.5%),,,Anammox,。。Canon:,;,;。50%,50%,pHAnammox。3.4 OLANDOLAND,Gent。OLAND,,,。,Canon,Sharon-Anammox。OLAND(22℃~30℃)。62.5%,()100%,。。,pH。,。3.5 NOx工艺NOx,。NOx,,N2。NOx。(NH4+/NO21000/1~5000/1),50%[H]。NitraGmbH。,。3.6 好氧“反氨化”工艺,NH4+N2。Hippen,,。,COD。,1/3。,,。4 ,,,,。,。,,,,,。:[1]VotesJP.Removalofnitrogenfromhighlynitrogenouswastewa-ter[J].JW-PCF,1975,47(4):394-398.[2]袁林江,彭党聪.短程硝化反硝化生物脱氧[J].中国给水排水,2000,16(2):29-31.[3]GroenewegJ,SellnerB,TappeW.Ammoniaoxidationinnitro-somonasatNH3concentrationsnearkm:effectsofpHandtem-perature[J].WaTRes,1994,28(12):2561-2565.[4]Anthonisen,A.C.,Loehr,R.C.,Prakasam,T.B.S.Inhibitionofnitrificationbyammoniaandnitrousacid[J].J.W.P.C.F,1976,48(5):835-852.DevelopmentofbiologicalnitrogenremovalnewprocessZHUXia ZHAOZong-shengAbstract:Thelatestprocessesintheresearchofbiologicalnitrogenremovalwasreviewed.Themostimportantthingishowtocontrolthefac-torsaffectingtheaccumulationofNO2-Nduringthenitrificationprocess.Thesefactorsincludingfreeammonia,pH,temperature,dissolvedoxygen,sludgeageanddangerousmaterialsareanalyzedandcontrolledconditionsthemicrobiology,thecurrentstatusregardingresearchandapplicationthefuturedevelopments(suchasshortcutnitrificationanddenitrification,AnammoxandCANONandsoon)aswellasexistentproblemswereaddressedinthispaper.Keywords:biologicalnitrogenremoval,newprocess,short-cutnitrification,Anammox,Sharon·186·第34卷第2期2008年1月 山西建筑