粉末活性炭导入超滤系统去除水中天然有机物的性能研究于海琴

粉末活性炭导入超滤系统去除水中天然有机物的性能研究于海琴＊,杨成永,张　惠(,100044)　:通过对比研究单独超滤系统和粉末活性炭导入超滤膜系统(PACleading-inUF)发现,投加PAC后通量下降趋势有所减缓,但并不能显著地减缓膜污染并获得高通量,说明PAC吸附的溶解性小分子有机物不是造成膜污染的主要因素,而是在膜表面形成了“次级膜”.试验中发现导入系统可显著提高对天然水中腐殖酸的去除效果,去除率可达到94%.此外在导入系统投加钙盐后可明显改善膜污染,达到有效控制膜通量的下降趋势的目的.:超滤;活性炭导入超滤;膜污染:TQ028.0;X703.1　:A　:1007-8924(2009)06-0085-05　　、(NOM),(SOC).,(PAC)[1],.,,,.,,,.,,PAC,[2-5],,PAC,,[6].,PAC.(PACleading-inUF),.1　实验部分1.1　1.1　Fig.1　Schematicdiagramoftheexperiment,,15mg/L.,Na2SO4NaCl;pH7.8～8.2;,.:,JB-1;:PES(),10kDa,0.0015m2,　　　:2008-07-26;:2008-08-07:(1965-),,,,.＊〈[e-mail]〉29　6　　　　　Vol.29　No.6200912MEMBRANESCIENCEANDTECHNOLOGYDec.2009DOI:10.16159/j.cnki.issn1007-8924.2009.06.0230.2MPa;,,100～200(150～75μm),≤10%.1.2　0.2MPa,,2.2　Fig.2　FlowchartforexperimentsinvestigatingeffectofPACleading-inUF2　试验结果分析2.1　PAC2.1.1　[7],PAC80mg,PAC.,,PAC;,,PAC4h,PAC,.UFPAC,PAC.3UF.3,,1～　　　3　、UFFig.3　Effectofdirectleading-in,indirectleading-inandUFonfluxdecline2h80%,50%～60%;UF,1～2h80%,46%.UF,,,PAC,.,,PAC,[7].,3:、、.,,PAC,PAC,,,[8].PAC,PAC,PAC,PAC,,.PAC.,3h,,,,,.,,PAC,PAC,,,1%.,PAC.,PAC,PAC.PAC,;PAC,.,,.2.1.2　4UF.　·86　　　·　　　　　29　4　Fig.4　Therejectionofhumicacid4,PACUF79%,PAC94%,PAC　　　93.4%.,PAC.PAC300～17000Da,PAC[9,10],300Da17000Da.,PAC,UF,,PAC.2.1.3　5.5　Fig.5　SEMofmembranewithPACandwithoutPAC　　5,PAC,,PAC,PAC.,PAC,PAC,PAC,PAC;,PAC10～50μm,0.01μm,.PAC.2.2　PACPAC[1],0mg,80mg,300mgPAC,PAC.6.6,PAC,47%,80mgPAC,50%,300mgPAC,52%.PAC,　　　6　PACFig.6　MembranefluxdeclinefordifferentPACdoses.PAC,PAC,,PAC,,PAC,PAC,,PAC,PAC;,PAC　6:·87　　　·　,,PAC,.PAC,.PAC.2.3　PAC2mmol/LCa2+,,.7,.7　Fig.7　EffectofCa2+onPACleading-inUFsystem　　7,,,.,,PAC“”,,PAC,,,,,PAC,.,PAC,PAC,,.,PAC.8,.8,,,94%,,97%;,,93.4%,,96%.,.PAC,.　　　8　Fig.8　Rejectionofhumicacid9.9　Fig.9　ThestereoscanphotographSEM,PAC,PAC,.,　·88　　　·　　　　　29　.3　结论,PACUF.:1),PAC.PAC,,PAC,.2),94%,,79%.3),.,PAC;,,,PAC.PAC.PAC,PAC,,PAC.4),PAC,PAC,.[1],.[M].:,1999.[2]　,,.[J].,2001,20(8):359-361.[3],　,,.[J].(),2005,33(6):777-780.[4]　,　,,.[J].,2002,25(2):14-16.[5],,,.PAC-UF[J].,2005,31(3):56-60.[6]YiantsiosSG,KarabelasAJ.AnexperimentalstudyofhumidacidandpowderedactivatedcarbondepositiononUFmembranesandtheirremovalbybackwashing[J].De-salination,2001,140:195-209.[7].[M].:,2005.[8]LaineJM,ViaDl,MoulartP.Statusafter10yearsofoperationoverviewofUFtechnologytoday[J].Desalina-tion.,2000,131:17-25.[9].[D].:,2002.[10]　,.[M].:,2000:164-167.ThestudyonPACleading-inUFremovingNOMofwaterYUHaiqin,YANGChengyong,ZHANGHui(DepartmentofMunicipal&EnvironmentalEngineerin,BeijingJiaotongUniversity,Beijing100044,China)Abstract:BycomparingtheseparateUFsystemandthePACleading-inUFsystem,itwasfoundthatfluxde-clinesloweddownsomewhatafteraddingPAC.Butitcouldnotalleviatemembranefoulingandacquirehighfluxverysignificantly.SothedissolvedorganicofsmallmolecularwhichwasadsorbedbyPACwasnotamajorfactorwhichcausedmembranefoulingandtheyformeda“secondarymembrane”inthemembranesurface.ThetestfoundthatPACintotheUFsystemhelpedtoremovehumicacideffectively.Theremovalrateofhumicacidwasabout94%.ByputtingthecalciumionsintothePACleading-inUFsystem,membranefoulingwaseffec-tivelymitigatedandthefluxdeclinewascontrolled.Keywords:ultrafiltration;PACleading-inUF;membranefouling　6:·89　　　·