负荷交替法快速培养好氧硝化颗粒污泥的研究

34420134ENVIRONMENTALSCIENCEVol．34No．4Apr．2013*4300743SBRR1、R2、R3R1R22R3．R1、R2R3、．R1R270dR3147d．、、95%70%2．．X703.1A0250-3301201304-1464-082012-07-032012-09-251988～[e-mail]*[e-mail]bicNitrifyingGranularSludgewithAlternateLoadingMethodSHENNaYANGChang-zhuPUWen-hongLUOYing-dongCollegeofEnvironmentalScienceandEngineeringHuazhongUniversityofScienceandTechnologyWuhan430074ChinaAbstractThenitrifyinggranularsludgewascultivatedinthreeSequencingBatchReactorsSBRR1R2andR3respectively．ThereweretwonewcultivatingmethodsappliedinR1andR2whichalternatelychangedtheinfluentnitrogenloadingandtheinfluentcarbonandnitrogenloadingrespectively．Thetraditionalmethodofstep-increasingnitrogenloadingwasadoptedinR3.Theresultsshowedthatthefull-sensenitrifyinggranularsludgecouldbecultivatedsuccessfullyafter70daysinR1andR2whileittook147daysinR3.Thedensergranuleswithhigheractivityofnitrifyingbacteriaandbetterdenitrifyingperformancecouldberapidlyobtainedbyalternatelychangingtheinfluentcarbonandnitrogenloadingsimultaneously．Theremovalratesofammonianitrogenandtotalnitrogenwereabout95%and70%respectivelyunderthestableoperationconditions．OverallthephysicalandchemicalpropertiesofgranulesandtheperformanceofdenitrificationwereoutstandinginR2.Fromthecomparisonresultsitindicatesthattheincreasinginfluentorganicloadingcanspeeduptheformationofgranulesandtheirgrowthattheearlycultivationstage．Keywordsaerobicnitrifyinggranularnitrogenloadingorganicloadingalternantchangerapidcultivation1～45～13．160d1.2mm11～13．11．．．2SBR2．．、．DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.2013.04.024411.12SBR200cm8.4cm9L．．20℃4.0～7.0mg·L－1pH7.0～9.0．1．1SBRFig．1SketchmapoftheSBR———．150d46h、、、41min2min0～7d20min8～42d10～5min43～125d4min126d3～2min．60%．1.2COD、NH+4-N、NO－2-N、NO－3-NTN14SOURH、SOURNH4SOURNO2AOBNOB15．1.3R1COD500mg·L－1800mg·L－1COD800mg·L－12.3．N/COD10/100、20/10030/100R2COD500、8001000mg·L－1N/COD10/100、20/10030/100R3COD500mg·L－1800mg·L－1N/COD5/100～30/100．40mg·L－1150mg·L－130mg·L－112N/CODCOD．1R1R2N/CODTable1ConcreteoperationofN/CODininfluentinR1andR2t/dR1N/CODR2N/COD1～1110/200～25/50010/200～25/50012～1450/500100/100015～17100/500160/80018～22150/500150/50023～25100/500160/80026～2850/500100/1000………74～88320/800320/80089～91200/800300/100092～133240/800240/800134～150150/500240/8002R3N/CODTable2ConcreteoperationofN/CODininfluentinR3t/dR3N/COD1～1110/200～25/50012～1750/50018～2775/50028～45100/50046～64125/50065～73150/50074～91320/80092～150240/80022.1R243R2217d0.3mm5641345.0mm．3R2Table3DevelopmentprocessofaerobicgranularsludgeinR2/d1～1415～4243～130131～150/mm—0.3～0.60.6～1.8＞1.83a80dR1R2R3．3b131d34.0mmR2R1R3．2R2Fig．2AerobicgranularsludgeatdifferentstagesofthedevelopmentprocessinR24100d3R2COD．COD500mg·L－1800mg·L－1R1、R2R330d0.5mm1.8mm．131dR1R32.0mm1.8mmR2131dR24.0mm22.27%142d8.99%50.3～0.6mm0.25%19.81%．92～142dR20.43kg·m3·d－1R23d4.0mm1.8mm1.2mm．10dR21.8mm．．2.2670dR1R2．R3147d．78～101d3664143R1、R2R3Fig．3AppearanceofgranulesinR1R2andR3onday80andday1314R1、R2R3Fig．4VariationsoftheaveragegranulesizeinR1R2andR3．314d320mg·L－10.58kg·m3·d－116101d．R292dN/COD5R2Fig．5GranulesizedistributioninR2．133dR117～25N/COD=150/500COD4d．R2R3N/COD240/800．6R13O2/SS20mg·g·h－17641346R1、R2R3Fig．6RespirometricactivitiesofheterotrophicandnitrifyingbacteriainR1R2andR3COD．2.3MLSSSVI7aMLSS．R1R21500mg·L－174d3COD800mg·L－1．R2MLSSCOD．3MLSS5000mg·L－1．7bSVISVI．R1R2SVIR3COD．133d136dR1SVI71.3mL·g－1137dR1R3SVI30～40mL·g－1R2SVI30mL·g－1．7SVIFig．7EvolutionofMLSSandSVI2.48R1R2．150mg·L－10.27kg·m3·d－150%3d150mg·L－185%～99%．74～88d3320mg·L－10.58kg·m3·d－18bR280%R1R360%．26．864140.43kg·m3·d－1pH8～9．R1、R2R3．R2≥0.58kg·m3·d－1．133dR160%390%．8Fig．8InfluenceofinfluentammonialoadingrateonNH+4-Nremoval11．93R2R1R3．131d31.8mmR270%～80%R1R350%～70%．R2．、．137dR2R24.0mm22.27%8.99%．．9Fig．9RemovalrateofTN103COD90%COD100mg·L－1．R1、R2R3．10CODFig．10CODconcentrationandremovalrateineffluent2.5EPS11R1、R2R3964134MLSSEPS7～17mg·g－1R2EPS．EPSR280dR24．R1、R2R3EPS10mg·g－1．11R1、R2R3EPSFig．11EvolutionofEPSinR1R2andR331R3R1R2270d．R1R2、、．2＜0.58kg·m3·d－1．3．．1MartinezOFLemaJMéndezRetal．RoleofexopolymericproteinonthesettleabilityofnitrifyingsludgesJ．BioresourceTechnology200494143-48．2Vázquez-PadínJRFigueroaMCamposJLetal．NitrifyinggranularsystemsasuitabletechnologytoobtainstablepartialnitrificationatroomtemperatureJ．SeparationandPurificationTechnology2010742178-186．3．SBRJ．20103151257-1262．4ShiYJWangXHQiZetal．SorptionandbiodegradationoftetracyclinebynitrifyinggranulesandthetoxicityoftetracyclineongranulesJ．JournalofHazardousMaterials20111911-3103-109．5TsunedaSNaganoTHoshinoTetal．CharacterizationofnitrifyinggranulesproducedinanaerobicupflowfluidizedbedreactorJ．WaterResearch200337204965-4973．6TayJHYangSFLiuY．Hydraulicselectionpressure-inducednitrifyinggranulationinsequencingbatchreactorsJ．AppliedMicrobiologyandBiotechnology2002592-3332-337．7LiuYYangSFLiuQSetal．TheroleofcellhydrophobicityintheformationofaerobicgranulesJ．CurrentMicrobiology2003464270-274．8LiuYYangSFTayJH．ElementalcompositionsandcharacteristicsofaerobicgranulescultivatedatdifferentsubstrateN/CratiosJ．AppliedMicrobiol