复合垂直流人工湿地除氮正交试验研究王全金

王全金1,李忠卫2,李丽1　(1.,330013;2.,330002)　[目的]为提高湿地除氮效率提供理论依据。[方法]选择美人蕉和风车草构建的复合垂直流人工湿地试验系统开展除氮正交试验研究,确定复合垂直流人工湿地流程、水力负荷、pH值、COD等因素对除氮效果的影响。[结果]复合垂直流人工湿地流程、水力负荷、pH值、COD等对除氮效果均具有影响,各因素对氨氮去除率的影响由大到小依次为:流程水力负荷pH值COD,对总氮去除率的影响由大到小依次为:流程水力负荷CODpH值;当流程为1100mm,水力负荷为181.25mm/d,pH值为7～8,COD为170mg/L时,除氮效果最好,美人蕉、风车草湿地对氨氮的去除率分别为55.90%和55.49%,对总氮的去除率分别为70.69%和65.80%。[结论]该研究确定了复合垂直流人工湿地除氮的最佳运行工况。　垂直流人工湿地;除氮效果;正交试验　X703.1　　　A　　　0517-6611(2010)17-09211-03OrthogonalExperimentalResearchonNitrogenRemovalwithIntegratedVerticalFlowConstructedWetlandsWANGQuan-jinetal　(CollegeofCivilandBuildingEngineering,EastChinaJiaotongUniversity,Nanchang,Jiangxi330013)Abstract　[Objective]Theaimwastosupplythetheoreticalbasisforenhancingnitrogen(N)removalefficiencyofwetland.[Method]Theex-perimentalsystemofintegratedverticalflowconstructedwetlands,whichwereconstructedwithIndiacannaandwindmillgrasswereselectedfordevelopingorthogonalexperimentalresearchonNremoval.Thentheinfluencesoffactorssuchasflowlength,water-powerload,pHvalueandCODofintegratedverticalflowconstructedwetlandsonNremovaleffectwereconfirmed.[Result]Thefactorssuchasflowlength,water-powerload,pHvalueandCODofintegratedverticalflowconstructedwetlandsallhadinfluencesonNremovaleffect.TheinfluencesofvariousfactorsonremovalrateofammoniaNwereasfollows:flowlengthwater-powerloadpHvalueCOD;theirinfluencesonremovalrateoftotalNwereasfollows:flowlengthwater-powerloadCODpHvalue.Whentheflowlengthwas1100mm,thewater-powerloadwas181.25mg/L,thepHvaluewas7-8andtheCODwas170mm/d,theNremovaleffectwasthebest.TheremovalratesofwetlandsconstructedwithI.cannaandwindmillgrassonammoniaNwere55.90%and55.49%resp.andtheirremovalratesontotalNwere70.69%and65.80%resp.[Conclusion]Inthisresearch,theoptimumoperationconditionforNremovalofintegratedverticalflowconstructedwetlandswasconfirmed.Keywords　Verticalflowconstructedwetland;Nitrogenremovaleffect;Orthogonalexperiment　国家“十一五”科技支撑计划重点课题(2008BAD96B04);江西省自然科学基金项目(2007GZC0843)。　王全金(1956-),女,河南获嘉人,教授,从事水污染控制研究。　2010-03-15　　,,,[1]。、、pH、、、[2-4]。,,,。、、,。SPSS13.0[5]、。,,、、pH、COD,SPSS13.0,,。1　1.1　　、、(COD)、pH[6-7]。4,3(1)。1.2　　。1。UPVC,1.8m×1.8m×1m,、0.9m×0.9m=0.81m2。,。3～5mm。2。1　Table1　FactorsandlevelsoforthogonaltestLevelsFactorsCODcrmg/LpHpHvalue∥mmFlow∥mm/dHydraulicloading11706.0550181.2522257.0850241.5034508.01100362.501　Fig.1　Integratedverticalflowconstructedwetlandconstitutionschematic1.3　　,、,NH3-N12mg/L,TN21mg/L,1。,:CODcr、TN、NH3-N、pH,、-、、pH。90d,,。,JournalofAnhuiAgri.Sci.2010,38(17):9211-9213　常俊香　　况玲玲,6h(3h3h)。3,4h,,3。2　2.1　　L9(34),2。2　Table2　TheorthogonaltestresultTestNo.FactorsABCD∥%Removalrateofammonianitrogen∥%Removalrateoftotalnitrogen1111324.9924.5928.5428.332122254.0253.6355.6655.413133155.9055.4970.6965.804212151.4451.0469.1968.955223352.1051.7058.1357.916231228.2427.8437.2537.057313253.9053.5168.4568.028321133.8833.4841.1740.969332353.4853.0861.8463.00　　SPSS13.0,3。3　Table3　VarianceanalysisoforthogonaltestresultVariancesourceSSI.cannawetlandWindmillgrasswetlandSSI.cannawetlandWindmillgrasswetlandA15.5515.5946.1986.13B16.9216.9039.8328.40C1195.701195.901624.901541.64D18.91918.887179.07117.66　:SS。。　Note:SS.Squaresumofdeviation.Thesameasbellow.　　,,,1[8]。3,SSCODcr15.5515.59,,CODcr,CODcr,。SSpH39.8328.40,,pH,pH,。,4,5。4　Table4　VarianceanalysisofammoniaNVariancesourceI.cannawetlandSSSig.WindmillgrasswetlandSSSig.B16.9240.47916.9020.48C1195.7620.0131195.9150.013D18.9190.45118.8870.452　:Sig.。　Note:Sig.Significance.　　4,,(C),(D)。3、4:CDBA。5　Table5　VarianceanalysisoftotalNVariancesourceI.cannawetlandSSSig.WindmillgrasswetlandSSSig.A46.1930.46386.1310.248C1624.9670.0241541.6430.018D179.0740.182117.6610.194　　5,,(C),(D),CODcr(A)。3、5:CDAB。2.2　　24、(2、3)。2　Fig.2　TherelationshipbetweenammoniaNremovalrateandfactors　　2、3,CODcr(A)、(C),;(D),;pH(B),pH8;:A3B2C3D1,9212　　　　　　　　　　安徽农业科学　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　2010:A3B3C3D1。3　Fig.3　TherelationshipbetweentotalNremovalrateandfactorsDrizo,:、、[9]。,[10],[11],,,。2、3,550mm850mm,,24%,28%;850mm1100mm,,1%。,,850mm。3,181.25mm/d,60.35%,362.50mm/d,49.5%,,,,,。pH6.0～8.043.05%～46.67%,51.43%～56.59%,pH。,pH8.0～8.4[12]。,pH8,。3　、、pH、COD。,:CDBA,:CDAB;:A3B2C3D1.,:A3B3C3D1,,,CODpH,。[1]刘秀红,杨庆,吴昌永,等.不同污水生物脱氮工艺中N2O释放量及影响因素[J].环境科学学报,2006,26(12):1940-1946.[2]陈庆昌,冯爱坤,罗建中.人工湿地脱氮技术研究[J].工业安全与环保,2008,34(7):17-19.[3]FLORENTC,GERARDM,YVESG.Hydrodynamicsofhorizontalsubsur-faceflowconstructedwetlands[J].EcologicalEngineering,2003,21(2):165-173.[4]JOHANK,ANDERSW,HAKANJ,etal.Controllingfactorsforwaterresi-dencetimeandflowpatternsinEkebytreatmentwetland,Sweden[J].Ad-vancesinWaterResources,2007,30(4):838-850.[5]何秋月.SPSS在L9(34)正交试验数据处理中的应用[J].中国中医药,2005,3(12):27-29.[6]FLORENTC,GRARDDM,YVESG.Hydrodynamicsofhorizontalsub-surfaceflowconstructedwetlands[J].EcologicalEngineering,2003,21(2):165-173.[7]赵联芳,朱伟,赵建.人工湿地处理低碳氮比污染河水时的脱氮机理[J].环境科学学报,2006,26(11):1821-1827.[8]张春华,严云良.医药数理统计[M].北京:科学出版社,2001:212.[9]DRIZOA,FROSTCA,GRACEJ.Physico-chemicalscreeningofphos-phateremovingsubstratesforuseinconstructedwetlandsystems[J].Wa-terResearch,1999,33(17):3595-3602.[10]LENAJOHANSSONWESTHOLM.Su