富营养化山仔水库投加化感植物控藻围隔试验研究

305Vol.30No.520149JournalofFujianNormalUniversityNaturalScienceEditionSept.20141000-5277201405-0109-081121311.3500072.3500133.35000320125、、、．．50g·m－3、355.8%～78.6%．、、．．X524A2013-09-092001Ｒ1004、[e-mail]gewithAllelopathicPlantbytheSituEnclosureMesocosmTestintheEutrophicShanziＲeservoirSHAOKai1SUYu-ping1ZHANGYu-zhen2ZHANXuan-can1MOXiu-juan3HEZhi-jiang11.EnvironmentalScienceandEngineeringCollegeofFujianNormalUniversityFuzhou350007China2.FujianProvincialAcademyofEnvironmentalScienceFuzhou350013China3.FujianProvincialEnvironmentalMonitoringCenterFuzhou350003ChinaAbstractIn2012theallelopathicplantsforcontrolingalgaebythesituenclosuremesocosmtestwasusedinXiaocangsectionofShanzireservoirfromsummertowinter．Fivedifferentdensityallelopathicplantssuchasbarley-strawwheatstemreedStrawandwormwoodwerechosenthentheabilityofdifferentplantswasstudiedatdifferentdensitiyforwaterpurification．TheresultsshowedthattherearemainlycyanobacteriaMicrocystisinthewaterfromsummertotheearlyfall．Theairtemperatureishighersothattherateofreleaseofallelochemicalsisalsofaster．50g·m－3wheatstrawbarleystrawandreedswereaddedwhichcansignificantlyreducethebiomassofcya-nobacteriaMicrocystisataboutthreemonths．Amongthemwheatstrawisthebestonethattheinhi-bitionrateofcyanobacteriaMicrocystisisbetween55.8%～78.6%．Therearenotonlycyanobacte-riaMicrocystisbutalsodiatomsCryptophytaandgreenalgaeincreaseinthewaterfromautumntowinter．Thelowtemperatureisnotconducivetothereleaseofallelochemicalsandtheeffectofcon-trolingalgaeisnotobviously．Thisstudyprovidedascientificreferencefortherestorationoftheeu-trophicShanzireservoir．KeywordsallelopathicplantcontrolingofalagesitumesocosmtestShanzireservoir1．202014．2012《》、．201262Ⅰ～Ⅲ、Ⅳ～ⅤⅤ61.3%、27.4%、11.3%．．20902．．．a．．．、、．．、、、、、、3－8．3－8．、9－11．．512－13．14．15．2002．．11.126°17'51″119°21'35″．1.723m31.064m31．45MW1.73kW．、、、．、185、．1994199716－17．2012．18．1.2201282103015～33℃．201210312012122901154～15℃．1Fig.1LocationofShanziＲeservior2．12、、、、、2．2.8m2.5m2m14m3．．．．．．2Fig.2LocationsiteandpictureoftheenclosureatXiaocangsectionintheShanziＲeservoir2cm．11.7m40cm2mm．．1.3500mL1000mLLugol's．1.3.1pH520M－015－STAＲ．1.3.2TP19．1.3.3TN111201419．．1.3.4-aChl-a0.45μmS22PC90%20．1.3.5Lugol's15mL·L－1．48h30mL0.1mL20mm×20mm40020N=AA0×VSV×nNcells·L－1Amm2A0mm2VSmLVmLn．1.3.621ＲV=C0－C1C0×100%C0C1．SPSS．1Tab.1PlantswithallelopathicpotentialdesignconditionsinenclosuresofShanziＲeservoir/m×m×m/g·m－32.8×2.55×2——82122912.8×2.55×25082103022.8×2.55×210082103032.8×2.55×25082103042.8×2.55×25082103052.8×2.55×22582103012.8×2.55×21301030122922.8×2.55×2301030122932.8×2.55×2301030122922.1pHpH6.9～8.7pH．pH1030pH．CO2．F=2.323p＞0.05、F=1.830p＞0.05pHpH．、22．21152.280.0%．．350g·m－3、20d103034.84×106·L－11.04×106·L－178.6%100g·m－3/．．．100g·m－350g·m－3．．50g·m－3、．3Fig.3VariationsofPhytoplanktonbiomassintheenclosurefromsummertoearlyfall4、、、、10303.49%0.61%1.14%122925.00%29.80%10.10%．、、10304.00%3.22%9.45%122916.40%27.70%23.30%．n=5p＞0.0510304.94×106、4.51×106cells·L－112294.83×106、4.45×106cells·L－1F=0.098p＞0.05．．．2.3a5a．5a822a20d．1030a．50g·m－3a/100g·m－320daa．．3112014an=5p＞0.0550g·m－3aF=18.124p＜0.01．．50g·m－3、．23－24．3．/100g·m－3aF=0.054p＞0.05．4Fig.4VariationsofPhytoplanktonbiomassintheenclosurefromAutumntoWinter5aFig.5VariationsoftheconcentrationofChlafromSummertoAutumn6a．6a．an=5p＞0.05aF=0.936p＞0.05．．41156aFig.6VariationsoftheconcentrationofChlafromAutumntoWinter2.4r=0.861p＜0.01ar=0.881p＜0.01．．、．n=5p＞0.05F=1.285p＞0.05F=1.049p＞0.05．n=5p＞0.05．F=0.014p＞0.05F=0.019p＞0.05．22．3181015～33℃50g·m－3、355.8%～78.6%．11124～15℃、、．2．25－26．1．J．2010222151－160．2．J．200631750－63．3ＲiceEL．AllelopathyM．2nded．LondonAcademicPress1984．4VyvyanJＲ．AllelochemicalsasleadsfornewherbicidesandagrochemicalsJ．Tetradron2002581631－1646．5AliottaGGrecaNDMonacoPetal．InvitoalgalgrowthinhibitionbyphytotoxinsoftyphalatifoliaLJ．Journalof5112014ChemicalEcology1990162637－2646．6GrecaMDFerraraMFiorentinoAetal．AntialgalcompoundsfromzantedeschiaaethiopicaJ．Phytochemistry19984951299－1304．7NakaiSInoueYHosomiMetal．Growthinhibitionofblue－greenalgaebyallelopothiceffectsofmacrophytesJ．WaterScience＆Technolgy199939847－53．8NakaiSInoueYHosomIMetal．Myrophyllumspicatum－releasedallelopathicpolyphenolesinhibitinggrowthofbluegreenalgaechlorellapyrenoidosaJ．WaterＲesearch200034113026－3032．9MulderijGMauBDeSenerpontDomisetal．InteractionbetweenthemacrophyteStratiotesaloidesandfilamentousal-gaedoesitindicateallelopathyJ．AquatEcol200943305－312．10ZhangSHChengSPSunPSetal．Isolationandidentificationofantialgalcompoundsfrompotamogetonmaackia-nusbyactivity－guidedfractionationJ．JAllelopathy20112895－104．11HiltSBeutlerEBauerN．Comparisonofmethodstodetectallelopathiceffectsofsubmergedmacrophytesongreenal-gaeJ．JPhycol20124840－44．12SpencerDLembpC．EvaluationofbarleystrawasanalternativealgalcontrolmethodinNorthernCaliforniaricefieldsJ．JAquatPlantManage20074584－90．13IslamiHＲFilizadehY．UseofbarleystrawtocontrolnuisancefreshwateralgaeJ．JAmWaterWorksAssoc2011103111－118．14．J．2008163－66．15．J．2011313533－546．16．———D．2006．17．D．2010．18．J．200417S152－61．19．M．4．2002．20．M．1991．333－339．