改性PVA超滤膜的制备与性能研究

:1007-8924(2001)05-0025-04改性PVA超滤膜的制备与性能研究邱运仁1张启修2吴振东1(11,410083;21,410083):选用聚乙烯醇水乙酸硫酸铁等为原料,用相转化法制备了亲水性超滤膜.在一定范围内研究了各种不同浓度的膜液组成对超滤膜性能的影响,确定了较佳的铸膜液组成(质量分数)为:8%PVA,6%乙酸,115%~2%硫酸铁.用此铸膜液制备的超滤膜,在操作压力为0130~0145MPa下,处理浓度为1000mg#L-1的O/W型乳化液,透液速率可达43L/(m2#h)以上,其除油率可达92%以上.研究还表明,PVA超滤膜中添加适量硫酸铁,可改善膜的结构和耐水性能.:聚乙烯醇;相转移;乳化;膜制备;超滤膜:TQ02818:A(PVA),,,,;,[1,2].PVA,,[3~6];,.,PVA,,PVA.1实验111(PVA),1750,98%,;,AR,;,AR,;-20,AR,;,01789kg/L.112PVA,PVA[7].,PVA,PVA,95e30min,,,,,,0133mm.3h,0108MPa,,.11311311.11312,,.,32117cm2,1000mg/LO/W0130MPa.11313:1000mL1000mg4mgTween-20,JRJ-300-I()10000r/min:2000-09-29;:2000-12-01:(1966~),,,,,.215Vo1.21No.5200110MEMBRANESCIENCEANDTECHNOLOGYOct.20012min.:R=(1-CpCf)@100%,CfCp,CODcr;CCODcr1.1CODcr2实验结果与讨论211PVA2PVAPVA,.PVA6%8%10%12%,6%,115%,PVA,,0115012301250129MPa,.,0130MPa,(),2.2,FPVA,(R)PVA.PVA8%,92%,.212,,.,4%6%8%10%,PVA8%,2%,.,013102301180114MPa..0130MPa,(),3.3,,.,6%,PVA.32130110%115%210%215%310%,PVA8%,6%,,,012201220123012301250125MPa..0130MPa,(),4.4,2%,,,,PVA,,;,,.210%,#26#214.,,.,,.214PVA6%8%10%12%,115%,6%,,5.5(a),0130~0.40MPa,,,,;5(b),,.,PVA;,,,.(a)(b)5PVA:1)6%;2)8%;3)10%;4)12%215,PVA,PVA.,,,,,6.6(a),,PVA,,PVA;7(b),PVA,.(a)PVA:8%PVA,6%(b)PVA:8%PVA,6%,2%65:PVA#27#3结论1),,,,PVA8%6%115%~2%.2),0130~0145MPa,1000mg/LO/W,43L/(m2#h),92%.3)PVA,.[1],.PVA-PE[J].,1995,15(4):29~44.[2],,.)))[J].,1999,19(3):1~7.[3]KatzMG,WydevenT.SelectivepermeabilityofPVAmembranes.Ò.Heattreatedmembranes[J].JApplPolymSci,1982,27(1):79~87.[4]MU-HOEY,TZONG-JENGC.Theeffectofskinlay-ercompositionandoperatingparametersontheperfor-manceofsulfonatedpolysulfone-poly(vinylalcohol)com-positereverseosmosismembrane[J].SepSciTechnol,1993,28(6):1315~1325.[5]LangK,MtsuuraT,ChowdhuryG,etal.Preparationandtestingofpolyvinylalcoholcompositemembransorre-verseosmosis[J].CanJChemEng,1995,73(5):686~691.[6]WangQi,HeLingyun,HuangJingui.SupermolecularstructureandmechanicalpropertiesofP(AN-AM-AA)/PVAintermacromolecularcomplexformedthroughhydro-genbonding[J].JApplPolymSci,1997,64(11):2089~2096.[7],,.[M].:,1998.26~33.PreparationandpropertiesofmodifiedpolyvinylalcoholultrafiltrationmembranesQIUYunren1,ZHANGQixiu2,WUZhengdong1(1.CollegeofChemistryandChemicalEngineering,CentralSouthUniversity,Changsha410083,China;2.LaboratoryofMetallurgicalSeparationScienceandTechnology,CentralSouthUniversity,Changsha410083,China)Abstract:Hydrophilicultrafiltrationmembraneswerepreparedbyphaseinversionfromcastingsolutionsconsist-ingofpolyvinylalcohol(PVA),water,aceticacidandferricsulfate.Theeffectsofdifferentcompositionofcast-ingsolutionsonthemembranpropertieswereinvestigated.Theoptimumcompositionwasfoundtobe8%PVA,6%aceticacid,1.5%~2%ferricsulfate(wt%).ThepropertiesofthemodifiedPVAmembranemadefromthiscastingsolutionaresuperiortothosepreparedwithoutadditionofferricsulfate.WhentheUFmem-branewasusedtotreat1000mg/LO/Wemulsionsatapressureof0.30~0.45MPa,thepermeatevolumefluxwasgreaterthan43L/(m2#h),andtheoilrejectionratewasmorethan92%.TheresultsalsoshowthattheadditionofsuitablequantitiesofferricsulfatetothecastingsolutioncanimprovethestructureandpropertiesofPVAmembranes.Keywords:polyvinylalcohol;phaseinversion;emulsion;membranepreparation;UFmembrane#28#21