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＊李英华1 李海波1＊＊ 孙铁珩1,2 王 鑫1(1沈阳大学区域污染环境生态修复教育部重点实验室,沈阳110044;2中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所,沈阳110016) 利用室内模拟系统,在进水铵氮(NH4+-N)浓度30～37.5mg·L-1、水力负荷0.08m3·m-2·d-1的条件下,考察了干湿交替运行对污水地下渗滤系统脱氮效果的影响,分析了干湿比对基质理化性质、脱氮微生物数量以及基质氧化还原电位(ORP)变化的影响。结果表明,基质渗透率和硝化细菌的数量随干湿比的增加而增加,反硝化细菌的数量则随干湿比的增加而减少,比容积和氨化细菌的数量受干湿比的影响较小,各深度基质层ORP均随干湿交替运行而高低起伏。推荐地下渗滤系统启动期的干湿比3∶1,启动周期为20d;稳定运行期干湿比1∶1,NH4+-N及TN的去除率可分别达到86.9%和79.1%,同时,有机污染物去除效果好,出水水质满足再生利用-景观环境用水水质标准(GB/T18921—2002)。 地下渗滤系统;生活污水;深度处理;干湿交替 X703 A 1000-4890(2010)10-2081-05Effectsofalternatedrying-wettingonnitrogenremovalefficiencyofsubsurfaceinfiltrationsystem.LIYing-hua1,LIHai-bo1,SUNTie-heng1,2,WANGXin1(1KeyLaboratoryofRegion-alEnvironmentandEco-Remediation,MinistryofEducation,ShenyangUniversity,Shenyang110044,China;2InstituteofAppliedEcology,ChineseAcademyofSciences,Shenyang110016,China).ChineseJournalofEcology,2010,29(10):2081-2085.Abstract:Subsurfaceinfiltrationsystem(SIS)isanefficientandeconomictechniqueintreatingdecentralizedwastewater,butitsnitrogenremovalisfrequentlyproblematic,duetothecomplexinnerenvironmentofthesystem.Inoperating,intermittentrunningisapositivemethodtoen-hancethenitrogenremovalofSIS.Thispaperstudiedtheeffectsofalternatedrying-wettingonthenitrogenremovalefficiencyofSISinalaboratoryexperimentalscalefordomesticwastewatertreatment.TheexperimentwasconductedundertheconditionsofNH4+-Nconcentration30-37.5mg·L-1andhydraulicloading0.08m3·m-2·d-1.Withtheincreasingdryingdays,thesubstratepermeabilityandnitrifyingbacterialquantityincreased,specificvolumeandammonif-yingbacterialquantitychangedlittle,anddenitrifyingbacterialquantitydeclined.TheORPval-uesatdifferentdepthsfluctuatedwiththeoperationofdrying-wetting.Itwasrecommendedthatthedrying-wettingratioofSISwas3:1atthestart-upperiod(20days),andwas1:1intheperi-odofstableoperation.Inthesecases,theremovalratesofNH4+-NandTNwere86.9%and79.1%,respectively,andthatoforganicmatterwasconsiderablyhigh,withtheeffluentmeetingthestandardofwaterqualityforscenicenvironmentuse(GB/T18921-2002).Keywords:subsurfaceinfiltrationsystem;domesticwastewater;advancedtreatment;alternatedrying-wetting.＊(2009T069)、(20082195)、(50908151)(LR201028)。＊＊E-mail:iamlhb@126.com:2010-03-10 :2010-06-21 (subsurfaceinfiltrationsystem,SIS),。SIS,--,(,2006)。SIS(、、、、),ChineseJournalofEcology 2010,29(10):2081-2085 DOI:10.13292/j.1000-4890.2010.0280,SIS(Rodgersetal.,2006;Lietal.,2009)。(Zhangetal.,2005;Heistadetal.,2006;,2008)。,,(,2009;,2009);,,(AustinNivala,2009)。,(,2006;Martens-Habbenaetal.,2009),()。、,SIS(YeLi,2009;TabariSalehi,2009;Zhaoetal.,2009;ZhengLi,2009)。SIS,、(ORP),SIS,SIS。1 1.1 ,SIS1。1.2 95%()+5%(、)(,2007),2。1 (mg·L-1)Tab.1 QualityofdomesticwastewaterCODNH4+-NTNTPSS300～38030～5063～1022.5～5.867～94SIS22537.574.34.032.7 2、SIS,1.8m3(1.5m×1.2m×1.0m),90cm。1.2m×1.0m,60cm。1.4m,6cm,8cm8mm。1.2m×1.0m,20、5080cm5cm。1。,2,,,144L·d-1SIS,,。1.3 SIS,。,:,,1∶1～5∶1(,2006)。SIS,。,1∶1、2∶1、3∶1、4∶11∶2,2、3、4、53d,。1.4 《》(COD)、(TN)(NH4+-N)(,2002);《》pH、、、、(,2000);《》、(,2007)。2 2.1 ,SIS2 Tab.2 Physical-chemicalcharacteristicsofthesubstratepH(%)(%)(cm·s-1)(%)1mm0.05～1mm0.05mm7.36.056.81.1×10-327.623.449.02082 29 10 1 Fig.1 Flowchartofdomesticsewagetreatment(,2006;Martens-Habbenaetal.,2009),SIS。,1∶1、2∶1、3∶1、4∶11∶2,2、3、4、53d,SIS(2)。,SIS,,,1(,2006)。2,30～37.5mg·L-1,0.08m3·(m-2·d)-1,1∶2、1∶1、2∶1、3∶14∶1,30、30、27、2019d。,。,,。1∶2、1∶12∶1,,。,2 Fig.2 Start-upperiodatdifferentwet/dryratio,。4∶1,3∶1,3d,,,3∶14∶1,。,30～37.5mg·L-1,0.08m3·m-2·d-1,SIS3∶1,20d。2.2 SIS,、(Rodgersetal.,2006;,2008;,2009)。,,50cm。 3,,,,,(,2008)。,SIS4.167×10-5～1.389×10-3cm·s-1(,2006;Mat-sumotoetal.,2007;AustinNivala,2009)。3∶14∶1,,。,,。,,,。,3∶11∶2、1∶12∶139、142.8。,,,。,,。2.3 ORPSISORP,1∶1,20、5080cm(3)。,50cmORP,200mV0mV,2083:3 Tab.3 Effectofdry/wetratioonsubstratepropertiesandquantityofnitrogenremovalmicrobe(cm·s-1)(%)(cm3·g-1)(cfu·g-1)(MPN·g-1)(MPN·g-1)1:26.4×10-5381.792.0×10115.4×1068.9×10111:17.0×10-5351.781.1×10111.5×1077.8×10112:19.8×10-5311.751.5×10117.5×1072.4×10113:12.0×10-4231.651.2×10112.1×1083.5×10104:16.1×10-4201.601.4×10114.2×1081.2×1010;,,ORP,,ORP。20cm,,,50cm,ORP50cm,220～370mV,-。80cm,,,,ORP-200～-250mV。ORP(4)。20～50cm,ORP,。80cm,ORP,,50cm1/38,50cm5.83 ORPFig.3 ChangesofORPindifferentdepthsofsubsurfaceinfiltrationsystem4 ORPTab.4 EffectofdepthonORPandquantityofnitrogenremovalmicrobe(cm)ORP(cfu·g-1)(MPN·g-1)(MPN·g-1)203155.3×10115.7×1083.6×109501281.1×10111.5×1077.8×101180-2237.8×10113.9×1054.5×1012。,1∶1,SIS、,。2.4 SIS、(Kimetal.,2009;Lietal.,2009)。20097—8,1,0.08m3·(m2·d)-1,,SIS、5。3∶1,COD,4∶1、2∶1、1∶11∶2。,,,。,,COD。NH4+-N。,,,。1∶2TN,3∶1。:,,。,1∶1,(Lietal.,2009)。,SIS,2.4∶1(U.S.EnvironmentalProtectionAgency,2002)。1∶1SIS,,,,COD、NH4+-NTN88.7%、86.9%79.1%,-(GB/T18921-2002)。2084 29 10 5 Tab.5 Effectofwet/dryratioontreatmentresults1∶2(mg·L-1)(%)1∶1(mg·L-1)(%)2∶1(mg·L-1)(%)3∶1(mg·L-1)(%)4∶1(mg·L-1)(%)COD44.485.233.988.729.490.223.192.328.890.4NH4+-N11.666.94.686.94.288.03.390.63.290.8TN14.179.914.679.117.275.420.770.420.471.13 SIS。,。30～37.5mg·L-1,0.08m3·(m2·d)-1,SIS3∶1,20d;,1∶1,,NH4+-NTN86.9%79.1%,