高氨氮垃圾渗滤液低温短程生物脱氮的长期稳定性英文孙洪伟

Energy,ResourcesandEnvironmentalTechnologyLong-termnitritationperformanceofammonium-richlandfillleachate☆HongweiSun1,2,⁎,XintaoLÜ1,YongzhenPeng2,ShuyingWang2,JuanMa1,21SchoolofEnvironmentalandMunicipalEngineering,LanzhouJiaotongUniversity,Lanzhou730070,China2KeyLaboratoryofBeijingWaterQualityScienceandWaterEnvironmentRecoveryEngineering,BeijingUniversityofTechnology,Beijing100124,ChinaabstractarticleinfoArticlehistory:Received29April2014Receivedinrevisedform23January2015Accepted3February2015Availableonline18August2015Keywords:LandfillleachateNitritationLowtemperatureFreeammoniaAOBandNOBThisstudypresentsabiologicalsystemcombinedupflowanaerobicsludgebed(UASB)withsequencingbatchreactor(SBR)totreatammonium-richlandfillleachate.Thestart-upandoperationofthenitritationatlowtemperatureswereinvestigated.Thesynergeticinteractionoffreeammonia(FA)inhibitiononnitrite-oxidizingbacteria(NOB)andprocesscontrolwasusedtoachievenitritationintheSBR.ItisdemonstratedthatnitritationwassuccessfullystartedupintheSBRatlowtemperatures(14.0°C–18.2°C)byusingFAinhibitioncoupledwithprocesscontrol,andthenwasmaintainedfor482daysatnormal/lowtemperature.Althoughammonia-oxidizingbacteria(AOB)andNOBco-existedwithinbacterialclustersintheSBRsludge,AOBwereconfirmedtobedominantnitrifyingpopulationspeciesbyscanningelectronmicroscopic(SEM)observationandfluorescenceinsituhybridization(FISH)analysis.Thisconfirmationnotonlyemphasizedthatcultivatingtheappropriatebacteriaisessentialforachievingstablenitritationperformance,butitalsorevealedthatNOBactivitywasstronglyinhibitedbyFAratherthanbeingeliminatedaltogetherfromthesystem.©2015TheChemicalIndustryandEngineeringSocietyofChina,andChemicalIndustryPress.Allrightsreserved.1.IntroductionThisleachateischaracterizedbysmallamountsofbiodegradableorganics;highconcentrationsofammonia,chemicaloxygendemand(COD),andsuspendedsolids(SS);lowratiosofB/CandC/N[1,2].Ifnottreatedsafely,landfillleachatecanbeamajorsourceofenviron-mentalpollution.Totreatlandfillleachateinamoreeconomicandsustainableway,researchers[3–5]haverecentlyintroducedamethodforremovingnitrogenviathenitritepathwaybecausethispathwayhasdistinctadvantagesoverthenitratepathway[6,7].Inordertoestablishthenitritepathway,stablenitritation(ammoniabeingoxidizedtonitrite)mustbeachievedinnitrification.Ithasbeenwidelyreportedthatahighconcentrationoffreeammonia(FA)canpromotenitriteaccumulationbyselectivelyinhibitingtheactivityofnitriteoxidizingbacteria(NOB)butnotammoniaoxidizingbacteria(AOB)[8].Therefore,FAinhibitionisaneffectivewaytoremovenitrogenfromleachateviathenitritepathway.Moreover,processcontrolhasbeenfoundeffectiveforachievingnitritationinSBRstreatingdomesticwastewater[9–11].Previousliteratures[12–14]havealsoreportedthatthenitrifyingbacterialpopulationcanbeoptimizedthroughlong-termapplicationofprocesscontrol,whichimplicatesAOB,ratherthanNOB,asthedominantnitrifyingbacteriainvolvedinnitritation.Temperatureistypicallyanimportantparameterforachievingnitritation.HightemperatureswillcauseAOBtooutcompeteNOBbecausetheygrowfasterthanNOBattemperatureshigherthan25°C,leadingtonitriteaccumulation[15].Forthisreason,nitritationiseasilyachievedathightemperatures.Interestingly,severalstudies[13,14,16]havealsoshownthatnitritationcanbeachievedandmaintainedatlowtemperatures.Forexample,Yangetal.[13]treatedmunicipalwastewaterinapilot-scalesequencingbatchreactor(SBR)andQiaoetal.[16]treatedhigh-ammoniumwastewa-terinaswim-bedreactor;bothstudiesreportedthatnitritationwasinitiatedatnormaltemperatures(above20°C)andmaintainedatlowtemperatures(blow20°C).Tothebestofourknowledge,however,onlyGuetal.[14]successfullystartedupnitritationatlowtemperatures(11°C–16°C)usingapilot-plantSBRtotreatmunicipalwastewater.Inthisresearch,weestablishedabiologicalsystemcoupledupflowanaerobicsludgebed(UASB)andsequencingbatchreactor(SBR)totreatammonium-richlandfillleachate.Basedontheachievementofsi-multaneousremovaloforganicsandnitrogenfromleachate,weexpecttodevelopanovelmethodforstartingupandmaintainingnitritationatlowtemperatures.Moreover,microbialspatialdistributionandthemorphologyofnitrifyingbacteriapopulationinthesludgeflocswereanalyzed.ChineseJournalofChemicalEngineering23(2015)1888–1893☆SupportedbytheNationalNaturalScienceFoundationofChina(51168028,51168027)andtheScienceandTechniqueFoundationProjectforYouthofGansuProvince(1107RJYA279)(No.145RJZA093).⁎Correspondingauthor.E-mailaddress:[e-mail](H.Sun).©2015TheChemicalIndustryandEngineeringSocietyofChina,andChemicalIndustryPress.Allrightsreserved.ContentslistsavailableatScienceDirectChineseJournalofChemicalEngineeringjournalhomepage:(DO),pH,andoxidation–reductionpoten-tial(ORP)wereinserted.Anequalizationtankwasdesignedtoadjusttheconflictbetw