高浓度氨氮废水的处理现状与发展仝武刚

仝武刚,王继徽,刘大鹏(湖南大学环境科学与工程系,湖南长沙　410082)　　[],:,,,。　　[];;;　　[]X703.1　[]A　[]1005-829X(2002)09-0009-04Presentsituationanddevelopmentofthetreatmentofhighlyconcentratedammonium-nitrogenwastewaterTONGWu-gang,WANGJi-hui,LIUDa-peng(DepartmentofEnvironmentalScienceandEngineering,HunanUniversity,Changsha410082,China)Abstract:Theharmandsourcesofhighlyconcentratedammonium-nitrogenwastewaterisdescribed.Thethreemainprocesses:physicochemical,biologicalandchemicalprocessesfortreatingthiskindofwastewaterareintro-duced.TheirfuturedevelopmentandapplicationinChinaareprospected.Keywords:ammonium-nitrogenwastewater;physicochemicalprocess;chemicalprocess;biologicalprocess　　,200177,200049,,。,。,,、、、、、,。1　　　,、,,,,,,,,,。,:、、,。1.1　物化法　　,〔1〕。、。,〔2～4〕,,,。,,。、、。,90%,,,,,30%。,,,,,。,。,,〔5〕。　　,。,、pH、,:25℃,pH10.5～11.0,2900～3600,3.51m3/(m2·h),(1500～2500mg/L),95%〔3〕。pH,。—9—2002年9月第22卷第9期　　　　　　　　　　IndustrialWaterTreatment　　　　　　　　　　　Sep.,2002Vol.22No.9,Na2CO3。NaOH,〔3〕。,。,,,NH3,。(982mg/L),1000∶1,81.53%,98.72%,17%〔6〕,COD24.90%～34.76%,21%。,,,。:pH11,40min,1000∶1,0.9kW·h/m3。1000mg/L,,400∶1,pH10.7,60%〔7〕。1.2　化学法　　,,,〔8～11〕。　　:Mg2+PO43-,MgNH4PO4·6H2O(MAP)。　　,,pH8.6Mg-Cl2·6H2ONa2HPO4·12H2O,5618mg/L65mg/L〔8〕;,MgO85%H3PO4,5404mg/L1688mg/L。,,。R.Schulze-RettmerMgOH3PO4,,MgOH+,〔9〕。MgOH3PO42100mg/L,MgO,,60%。StratfulMAP〔10〕,,110mg/LMAP。(900～7500mg/L),n(Mg)∶n(N)∶n(P)=1.3∶1∶1.08()Mg2+PO43-,pH9,(98%)〔11〕。MAP,〔9,11〕。　　,6hNH3-N(1480mg/L),100%〔12〕。pH9.0,2000mg/L,Cl-4000mg/L;32.3mA/cm2;0.10cm/s。,(COD55kW·h/kg)。1.3　生物法　　,。,,;,,,COD/TKN9。、、、,,,,。　　,,、。SHARON(SingleReactorforHighActivityAmmoniaRemovalOverNitrite)〔13〕、OLAND(OxygenLimitedAu-totrophicNitrificationDenitrification)〔14〕ANAM-MOX(AnaerobicAmmoniumOxidation)〔15〕,NH4+NO2-,,,,NO2-NO3-40%;25%,。1.3.1　脱氮新工艺原理和特点　　SHARONDelft。,,NO2-,,,,。,,HNO2,,30～35℃,。,HNO2〔16〕。　　ANAMMOXDelft1990。,—10—专论与综述　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　2002-09,22(9),。　　StraousANAMMOX1100mg/L560mg/L〔17〕。,,,1000mg/L,100mg/L,。(),、(100d)、。　　OLANDGent。,NH4+NO2-。,,,。1.3.2　脱氮研究进展　　,/(SND)。、。。,pH8.2,30℃〔18〕。SND,m(C)∶m(N)∶m(P)=(60～140)∶5∶1〔19〕。HyungSeokYoo/SND,〔20〕。　　,,(N2)。,、、,SBR,,DO4mg/L0.5mg/L,,,〔21〕。HippenDe-ammonification,,〔22〕。Muller,0.30kPa,58%〔23〕。,,。2　　　,,,,,,,,,;,,,,,。MAP,,;,SHARON,80%,,,。　　,,。[][1],.[J].,1998,20(6):1—4.[2].[J].,2000,106(4):42—43.[3],.[J].,2001,27(6):20—24.[4],.———[J].,2001,27(6):15—19.[5].[J].,2000,18(3):17.[6],.[J].,2001,2(2):59—63.[7],.[J].,1999,27(3):201—202.[8],.[J].,1999,20(5):90—92.[9]Schulze-RettmerR.Thesimultaneouschemicalprecipitationofam-moniumandphosphateintheformofmagnesium-ammonium-phos-phate[J].Wat.Sci.Tech.,1991,23:659—667.[10]Stratful,etal.Conditionsinfluencingtheprecipitationofmagne-siumammoniumphosphate[J].WaterResearch,2001,35(17):4191—4199.[11].[J].,1992,42(4):13—14.[12],.[J].,2000,20(4):289—291.[13]HellingaC,etal.TheSHARONprocess:aninnovativemethodfornitrogenremovalfromammonium-richwastewater[J].Wat.Sci.Tech.,1998,37(9):135—142.—11—2002-09,22(9)　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　高浓度氨氮废水的处理现状与发展SBR赵耘挚,刘振鸿(东华大学环境科学与工程学院,上海　200051)　　[](ASM),ASM,ASMSBR。,ASMSBR,。,,。　　[];;SBR　　[]X703.1　[]A　[]1005-829X(2002)09-0012-05DevelopmentandapplicationofASMtoSBRtechnologyZHAOYun-zhi,LIUZhen-hong(SchoolofEnvironmentScienceandEngineering,DonghuaUniversity,Shanghai200051,China)Abstract:ThedevelopmentofActivatedSludgeModel(ASM)hasbeensummarized,thedifferenttheoriticalde-scriptionsofeverymodelofASMhavebeencompared.TheapplicationsofASMtoSBRareapproached.TheseresearchesprovethattheusageofASMcanbeanaidtothedesignofSBRandcanimprovethequalityofwastewatertreatmentsystem.BecauseoftheproblemsofASMitselfandtheactualsituationoftheproblemsex-istinginChina,therearestilllotsofdifficultiesinusingthesemodels.Keywords:ActivatedSludgeModel;modeling;SBR　　(ActivatedSludgeModel,ASM),(IAWQ)。ASM,。ASM,;。,,、、SBR。1　ASM　　1987,IAWQASM1,,,[14]WerstraeteW,PhilipsS.Nitrification-denitrificationprocessesandtechnologiesinnewcontexts[J].EnvironmentalPollution,1998,102:717—726.[15]GraafAAVande,MulderA,BruijnPde,etal.Anaerobicammo-niumoxidationisabiologicallymediatedprocess[J].Appl.Envi-ron.Microbiol.,1995,61(4):1246—1251.[16],,.[J].,1992,13(3):45—50.[17]StraousM,etal.Ammoniumremovalfromconcentratedwastestreamswiththeanaerobicammoniumoxidation(ANAMMOX)processindifferentreactorconfigurations[J].WaterResearch,1997,31(8):1955—1962.[18],.[J].,2000,18(5):17—19.[19],./(SND)[J].,2001,19(4):17—20.[20]HyungSeokYoo,etal.Nitrogenremovalfromsyntheticwastew-aterbysimultaneousnitrificationanddenitrification(SND)viani-triteinanintermittentlyaeratedreactor[J].WaterResearch,1999,33(1):145—154.[21],,,.[J].,2000,26(4):17—20.[22]HippenA,RosenwinkelK,BaumgartenG,etal.Aerobicdeam-monification:anewexperienceinthetreatmentofwastewater[J].Wat.Sci.Tech.,1997,35:111—120.[23]MullerEB,etal.SimultaneousNH3oxidationandN2productionatreducedO2tensionsbysewagesludgesubculturedwithchemolithotrophicmedium[J].Biodegradation,1995,6(4):339—349.[](1977—　),。E-mail:[e-mail],:0731-8828075。[]2002-05-30()—12—2002年9月第22卷第9期　　　　　　　　　　IndustrialWaterTreatment　　　　　　　　　　　Sep.,2002Vol.22No.9