高浓度沼液淹灌土水系统中氮磷和有机物的动态变化

25220114JournalofSoilandWaterConservationVol.25No.2Apr.,2011:2010-11-21:(No.40821140540):(1985-),,,,E-mail:[e-mail]:(1958-),,,,,E-mail:[e-mail]李松林1,吕军1,张峰1,孙嗣旸2,邓欧平3(1.,310029;2.,310029;3.,310029):,,NH+4-N30d50d;,;,100d,NO-3-N44.9%,,,,,,:;;;;;;:S157.41;S158.3:A:1009-2242(2011)02-0125-04DynamicChangesofNitrogen,PhosphorusandOrganicMatterinSoi-lWaterSystemintheProcessofBiogasSlurryFloodingTreatmentLISong-lin1,LUJun1,ZHANGFeng1,SUNS-iyang2,DENGOu-ping3(1.CollegeofEnvironmentalScienceandNaturalResources,ZhejiangUniversity,Hangzhou310029;2.ZhejiangProvincialKeyLaboratoryofSubtropicalSoilandPlantNutrition,ZhejiangUniversity,Hangzhou310029;3.ChinaMinistryofEducationKeyLabofEnvironmentalRemediationandEcologicalHealth,ZhejiangUniversity,Hangzhou310029)Abstract:Throughindoor-static-culturesimulationexperiment,westudiedthedynamicsofnitrogen,phos-phorusandorganicmatterintheoverlyingwaterandthepaddysoilduringthefloodingofhighconcentrationbiogasslurryfromlivestockwastewater.ResultsshowedthattheconcentrationsofTPandNH+4-Nino-verlyingwaterforthetotalbiogasslurryirrigationtreatmentweredecreasedtobelowtheallowabledischargestandardsin30daysand50days,respectively.Withthereducingoftheconcentrationofbiogasslurryirriga-tion,thetimetomeetthestandardsfortheoverlyingwaterwouldbeshortened.However,theconcentra-tionsofNO-3-Ninoverlyingwaterincreasedsignificantlyafteracomplexprocessofdenitrificationandn-itrification,andtheconcentrationofNO-3-Ninthetreatmentoftotalbiogasslurryirrigationincreasedby44.9%after100daysofslurryflooding.Thedecontaminationinoverlyingwaterismainlyresultedfrompo-llutantdegradationandvolatilization,anditiswithonlyasmallpartremaininginthesoil.Thus,infallowperiod,biogasslurryirrigationinpaddyfieldwouldnotonlydigestandpurifythehighconcentrationofn-itrogen,phosphorusandorganicmaterintheslurry,butalsoimprovethesoilnutrientspropertieswithouttherisksforexcessiveaccumulationofnitrogen,phosphorusandorganicmatterinpaddysoil.Keywords:biogasslurry;flooding;soi-lwatersystem;nitrogen;phosphorus;COD;organicmatter1引言,[1],;,202070%[2],,,[3-4],,;,120~180m3[5];,,,,,,,,,,,,,,2材料与方法2.1(),0-20cm,,,177,512,311g/kg,3.46,0.81,27.8g/kg,pH6.1,,,pH9.14,Eh-567.2mV,8.3dS/m,TNNH+4-NNO-3-NTPCODMn959.2,857.6,61.8,64.9,1025.2mg/L1/g/ml/mlT05000600T1500100500T2500200400T3500400200T450060002.2,200958,100d,10d,30cm11cm,500g,(1.2g/cm3),,,5,NH+4-N,NH+4-N0,75,150,300,450kg(1m2180kg);(10cm),,1,30,303,,3,2.3pH(DO)(Eh)(Hydrolab-DS5X,HACHCom-pany,USA),(GB/11894-89);(GB/T8538-1995);(0.45m,220,275nmTU-1901,);(GB/11893-89);COD(GB/17892-89)pH51,[6],();;;NaOH-;NH4F-HCl;,Excel2003,SPSS16.03结果与分析论3.13.1.1上覆水中氮的形态和浓度的动态变化,NH+4-N10,(r=0.753~0.998,p0.05);T1T4TNNH+4-N(0~10d),(10~50d)(50~100d)3;10d,TNNH+4-N41.0%~57.0%50.9%~59.1%;,;50d,T4TNNH+4-N83.3%93.8%,NH+4-N56.0mg/L,(80mg/L);100,TNNH+4-N76.1%~85.2%94.1%~98.9%(1a1b)12625NH+4-N,NO-3-N---(1c)100d,NO-3-N,T444.9%,85.8mg/L,,NO-3-NNO-3-N(r=0.753~0.986,p0.05),123.1.2土壤全氮和碱解氮动态变化特征2,T1T4,(0~10d),(10~30d),(30~100d),(2)100d,T0,T1T46.4%,7.5%,8.1%8.9%,33.7%,45.5%,61.1%87.7%,T1T4(r=0.807~0.962,p0.05)3.1.3氮素动态变化机理分析NH+4[8],NH+4-NTN90%,,pH(1),,10dNH+4-N,pH(3b),NH+4pH,,(3a3c),,,NH+4-N(1a)3pHEhNO-3-N,10d,(DO)pH(3),[9-11],NO-3,10d(1),3030d,T1T4,40dEh(3c),DO2mg/L(3b),,,;,NH+4-N,NO-3-N,,,NH+4-NNO-3-N,30d,NO-3,1272:4TP56CODMn3.23.2.1上覆水和土壤磷素动态变化(TP)8,T1T4TP10d,69.2%~78.2%;20d,T4TP8.97mg/L,(8mg/L),30d2.64mg/L;,70d0.5~3mg/L(4)0~30d,TP(r=0.738~0.982,p0.05),100,9.6%~14.8%(5a);,0~10d,30d,,100d,T0,16.0%~40.0%(5b)T1T4,,(r=0.868~0.923,p0.05),[11]3.2.2磷素动态变化原因的探讨,DP/TP90.3%,,TP10d;(r=0.952,p0.05)30d,,,,,3.3CODMn,,,CODMn1025.5mg/L0~20d,CODMn,T4CODMn40d381.1mg/L;;,(6a)T0,T1T4,0~10d,100d,11.6%,15.1%,17.7%18.6%(6b),CODMn,,10d,,(6b)4结论,,100d85.2%,98.9%,,61.8mg/L85.8mg/L;99.4%,0.4mg/L;CODMn90.3%,99.75mg/L,,NH+4-N30d50d12825,,3,,,;,100d8.9%,87.7%;14.8%,40.0%;18.6%,,,,;,:[1].()[OL].(2009-09-18)[2010-10-08].[2]ZhouSY,ZhangB,CaiZF.EmergeanalysisofafarmbiogasprojectinChina:Abiophysicalperspectiveofagriculturalecologicalengineering[J].CommunicationsinNonlinearScienceandNumericalSimulation,2010,15(5):1408-1418.[3],.[J].,2007,35(4):1089-1091.[4].[J].,2009,15(13):51-52.[5].[OL].(2003-01-01)[2010-10-08].[6].[M].:,2005:25-87.[7],,.[J].,2007,26(4):1527-1531.[8],,,.pH[J].,2010,30(4):742-748.[9],,,.[M].:,2002:65-72.[10],,.[J].,2010,33(6):206-210.[11],,,.[J].,2009,6(23):103-107.上接第124页:[1]KimLH,ChoiE,GilKI.PhosphorusreleaseratesfromsedimentsandpollutantcharacteristicsinHanRiver,Seoul,Ko-rea[J].ScienceoftheTotalEnvironment,2004,321(1/3):115-125.[2]HorppilaJ,NurminenL.EffectsofsubmergedmacrophytesonsedimentresuspensionandinternalphosphorusloadinginLakeHiidenvesi(southernFinland)[J].WaterResearch,2003,37(18):4468-4474.[3]KimLH,ChoiE,StenstromMK.Sedimentcharacteristics,phosphorustypesandphosphorusreleaseratesbetweenriverandlakesediments[J].Chemosphere,2003,50(1):53-61.[4]PengJF,WangBZ,SongYH.Adsorptio