*何连生(,100084) 朱迎波(,100101)席北斗 刘鸿亮(,100012) 回顾了高效厌氧生物反应器发展过程,介绍了UASB、EGSB、IC反应器工作原理、特点、最新开发和应用研究进展。指出近期高效厌氧生物反应器研究重点。 高效厌氧生物反应器 UASB EGSB IC *:(973),(2002CB412302)。1 ,[1]。,,(AF)、(UASB)、(AAFEB)(IC)。,(SRT),,(HRT),。2 1,1819:。,,1。,HRT20~30d,。1955,Schroepter,,,,,。2,1980:(AnaerobicFilter,AF),(UpflowAnaerobicSludgeBlanket,UASB),(AnaerobicBuffedReactor,ABR),(AnaerobicAttachedFilmExpandedBed,AAFEB)(AnaerobicFluidizedBed,AFB)。2,,~10~。,。;,,。,,,[2,3]。2,,,,。3,2080,(UpflowFluidedBed,UFB)(ExpandedGranularSludgeBlanket,EGSB),(InternalCyclicReactor,IC)。,[4,5]。3,,,。,UASB,,,,3。3 23,、、。7 20042221DOI:10.13205/j.hjgc.2004.01.0013.1 第二代经典高效厌氧生物反应器———UASBUASB1。1 UASB3.1.1 UASB,50~100gL。,,5~40gL,()、()、(),,,。、,,。,。3.1.2 UASB,:,,;;,;,。3.1.3 、、UASB、、、。UASB[5]。 Lepisto[6]。,,4[7]。[8]。UASB,。,,UASB,2。2(a),。2(b),。2 UASB3.2 典型第三代高效厌氧生物反应器———EGSB3.2.1 UASB,,、(2.5mh),,,。EGSB3。3 EGSBEGSB:(1)Vup(2.5~10mh,UASB0.5~1.5mh),CODCr(5~35kgm3·d);(2),;(3),;(4),,,;(5)Vup,;(6)。8 200422213.2.2 EGSBEGSB[9]。Kato[10]EGSB30℃。Vup2.5~5.5mh,CODCr100mgL,90%。Rebac[11](13℃)EGSB,2.4hHRT4.4~8.8kgm·dOLR(CODCr),CODCr66%;20℃72%。、,EGSB[12]。EGSB[13,14]。CODCr3500mgL,70%~85%,80%。EGSB、、。Dries[15,16],EGSB,CODCrS2.2,pH7.9±0.1,CODCr94%96%。EGSB,。UASB、。EGSB,,;,,。,EGSB。HwuCS[17,18]EGSB,。EGSB,99.8%[19]。[20]2EGSB。,,UASB,EGSB,78d;32d。、[21]EGSB、、(ECP)。3.3 第三代厌氧生物反应器代表———IC式1994,IC。4。4 1—;2—;3—;4—;5—;6—;7—;8—;9—;10—;11—。3.3.1 ,,,,,。,,。,,,,,,,。。。3.3.2 ICIC:(1)。,,,UASB3。CODCr10000~15000mgL,CODCr30~40kgm3·d。CODCr2000~3000mgL,CODCr20~25kgm3·d,HRT2~3h,CODCr80%。10~20mh[12]。9 20042221(2)ICUASB14~13,,。(3)。,2~3。,10~20。,,,。(4)。,。ICUASB。,,。3.3.3 IC、。(、、)[22,23]。19961IC(16m,70m3,400m3d),CODCr4300mgL,BOD52300mgL,CODCr80%。[24]IC(TP)53.8%,CODCr80.3%,BOD597.6%,SS78%。。4 。。,。,:(1)、,,、。(2)、、。,、,。(3)(、、、);(,);。1 Lettinga,etal.AdvancedAnaerobicWastewaterTreatmentInTheNearFuture,Wat.Sci.Tech.1997.35(10):5~12.2 SchmidtJensE,etal.GranularSludgeFormationinUpflowAnaerobicSludgeBlanket(UASB)Reactors.Biotechnol.Bioeng.1996.49:229~246.3 3.RenHongqiangChenJianetal.StudyonthecharacteristicsofgranularsludgebedinExpendedGranularSludgeBlanket(EGSB)reactor.TheFirstChinaJapanChemicalEngineeringConference,2000.64~67.4 Lettinga,G.,etal.Anaerobicwastewatertreatmentasanappropriatetechnologyfordevelopingcountries.Trib.Cebedeau,1997.40(19):21~32.5 ..,1993.6 LepistoSS.Etal.Start-upandoperationofLaboratoryscalethemophilicupflowanaerobicsludgeblankreactortreatingvegetableprocessingwastewater.Chem.Technol.Biotechnol.1997.68:331.7 .UASB.,1997.23(6):13~16.8 ZhengPing,etal.Start-upStrategiesofUASBreactorfortreatmentofpharmaceuticalwastewater,JournalofEnvironmentalSciences.2002.14(2):250~2546.9 DeMan,etal.Anaerobictreatmentofmunicipalwastewateratlowtemperature,Anaerobictreatment,agrow-uptechnology.Amsterdam.1986.451~466.10 KatoMT.TheanaerobictreatmentoflowstrengthsolublewastewaterTheNetherlands:WageningenAgriculturalUniversity,1994.11 RebacS,etal.Highrateanaerobictreatmentofmaltingwastewaterinapilot-scaleEGSBsystemunderpsychrophilicconditionsChem.Tech.Biotechnol.,1997.68:135~146.12 VanderLastARM.,LettingaG.Anaerobictreatmentofdomesticsewageundermoderateclimatic(Dutch)conditionsusingupflowreactorsatincreasedsuperficiallevelcities.Wat.Sci.Tech,1992.25(7):167~178.13 Auster-mannHaunU,etal.FullscaleexperienceswithanaerobictreatmentplantsinthefoodandbeverageindustryWat.Sci.Tech,1999.40(1):305~312.14 ZoutbergGR,etal.AnaerobictreatmentofpotatoprocessingwastewaterWat.Sci.Tech.1999.40(1):297~304.15 DriesJ,etal.Highratebiologicaltreatmentofsulfate-richwastewaterinanacetate-fedEGSBreactorBiodegradation,1998.9:103~111.16 DeSmul,etal.Highratesofmicrobialsulphatereductioninmesophilicethanol-fedexpandedgranularsludgeblanketreactorMicrobialBiotechnol.1997.48:297~303.10 2004222117 HwuCS,etal.Physical、chemicalandbiologicalperformanceofexpandedgranularsludgebedreactorstreatinglong-chainfattyacidsProcessBiochemistry,1998.33(1):75~81.18 RinzemaA.AnaerobicdigestionofLong-chainfattyacidsinUASBandExpandedGranularSludgeBedReactorsProcessBiochemistry,1993.28:527~537.19 ZoutbergGR,FrankingR.Anaerobictreatmentofchemicalandbrewerywastewaterwithanewtypeofanaerobicreactor:theBiobedorEGSBreactor.Wat.Sci.Tech,1996,34(5-6):375~381.20 .EGSB,,2001.27(3):25~31.21 、,EGSB.,2001.14(3):33~38.22 E.Gracia-Calvo,etal.Afluiddynamicmodelforthree-phaseairliftreactorsChemicalEngineeringScience,1999.54(17):2359~2350.23 24.J.H.F.Pereboom.Methanogenicgranulardevelopmentinfullscaleinternalcirculationreactors.Wat.Sci.Tech,1994.30(8):9~21.24 .IC,,2001.19(2):12~16. 100084 15#215 (010)84915103(O)E-mail hls02@mails.tsinghua.edu.cn2003-04-18李 颖(,100044) 魏光明(,750001) 染料中间体合成综合废水经电解前处理和蒸发处理后,与未经电解前处理,直接进行蒸发处理相比,CODCr的去除率可提高75%以上,并使后续活性炭的投加量减少80%左右,从而降低了全厂综合废水处理的运行费用。 染料中间体 电解 前处理1 ,3,、、-N、N-。3,CODCr,,,CODCr25000~30000mgL,11%~13%,NaClNa2SO4,KCl、K2SO4、CaSO4、FeSO4CaCl2,,,,120m3d。,(GB8978-1996)。2 3○NH2SO3H、、○NH2SO3NaSO3H-N、N-,CODCr,。1。1 3CODCrmg·L-1pHm3·d-170803240016.8、9428140034.5-N、N-270988~940024 :○NO2 ()+SO3(○NO2SO3HFe○NH2SO3H:○NH2SO3H+Na2CO3○NH2SO3Na11 20042221RESEARCHD