高盐度废水生物处理现状与前景展望王志霞

王志霞1,王志岩2,武周虎1(1.青岛建筑工程学院,山东青岛　266033;2.济南市槐荫区环保局,山东济南　250022)　　[],、、SBR、SBR、UASB、、A2/O,。,,,。。　　[];;;　　[]X703　[]A　[]1005-829X(2002)11-0001-04PresentsituationandprospectofthebiologicaltreatmentofwastewaterwithhighsalinityWANGZhi-xia1,WANGZhi-yan2,WUZhou-hu1(1.QingdaoArchitectureandEngineeringInstitute,Qingdao266033,China;2.HuaiyinDistrictEnvironmentalProtectionBureau,Jinan250022,China)Abstract:Theprogressintheresearchesonthebiologicaltreatmentofwastewaterwithhighsalinitybothathomeandabroadisintroduced.Themainmethodsusedaretwo-stagebio-contactoxidationprocess,traditionalactivated-sludgeprocess,sequencingbatchreactionprocess,upflowanaerobicsludgebedprocess,anaerobicfilterprocess,A2/Otechnique,etc.Theoperationalconditionsandtreatmentsituationsofthesemethodsareintro-duced.Theresultsshowgoodeffectshavebeengainedafterproperacclimationandunderproperconditions.Ithasbeenpointedoutthatusinghalophilicorganismswhichhavespecialadaptationsforsurvivalathighsalinityisaprospectivewaytotreatwastewaterwithhighsalinity.Keywords:wastewaterwithhighsalinity;biologicaltreatment;acclimation;halophile　　1%。。(、、)。。1　1.1　A-B两段接触氧化法　　,,,,。,10h,A28833.3mg/L,B9448.2mg/L。,2%,2.5%,,COD80%～86%,GB8978—1996〔1〕。　　,,3.58h。5000～35000mg/L,4～14kg/(m3·d)(BOD5)。,,,。〔2〕。　　,25g/L35g/L,,BOD5400mg/L,90%,BOD5〔3〕。　　1.8%～2.8%(18～28g/L),,,,—1—2002年11月第22卷第11期　　　　　　　　　　IndustrialWaterTreatment　　　　　　　　　　Nov.,2002Vol.22No.1180%,0.05kgVSS/kgBOD5,。10h,COD、BOD581%、95%。1.2　传统活性污泥法　　,,。。,,COD1.0kg/(kgVSS·d),35000mg/L(ρNa+20000mg/L,ρCl-23000mg/L,ρSO42-11000mg/L)。,,,COD90%,。4～6,,SVI0.55～0.80,,,MLVSS/MLSS0.55～0.65〔4〕。　　,,NaCl2.68×104～4.72×104mg/L,COD0.6kg/(m3·d),COD95%。,1NaCl2.68×104～4.72×104mg/L,2NaCl1.00×104mg/L,。,,12,。97%,COD〔5〕。　　M.F.Hamoda(10g/L30g/L),,TOCNa-Cl0g/L,10g/L30g/L,96.3%、98.9%、99.2%,,,,,,,。,,,〔6〕。　　B.DalmacijaPAC(29mg/L)〔7〕。R.YucelTokuzNaCl35g/L,。。BOD5mg/L,COD。〔8〕。1.3　SBR　　,。SBR,TDS50000～65000mg/L,COD3000～6000mg/L,,,COD1.0kg/(kgVSS·d),COD90%,BOD595%。(),〔9〕。　　C.R.Woolard,,,,,15%(150g/L)、、。1%～15%12h(7h),99%。,SVI100mg/L,SS50mg/L〔10〕。　　CharlesGlass。pH7.5、9,2700mg/L8200mg/L,TDS5%、16%18%(50g/L、160g/L、180g/L)。:pH9,8200mg/L,TDS18%,,5400mg/L,。pH7.5,,5400mg/L。〔11〕。1.4　生物滤池　　。L.YangC.T.Lai。TOC1000mg/L,3.4%、3.6%、4%(34g/L、36g/L、40g/L),18h,TOC1.5kg/(m3·d),TOC95%〔12,13〕。　　E.V.Mills6000mg/L。3—2—　专论与综述　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　2002-11,22(11):,NaCl6600mg/L;8h,5d,NaCl6600mg/L;8h,5d,NaCl19800mg/L。,,。BOD10mg/L〔14〕。1.5　厌氧反应器　　()。　　,,NaOHNa2CO3pH,。Na+、Cl-SO42-。GumersindoFerjooUASBVFA,3g/L16g/L,50%,。40d,21.5g/L,45%。,,。,〔15〕。,,。　　ShimshonBelkinA/O32g/L,60%,,,。PAC70%84%〔16〕。ArjenRinzemaUASB,pH6.5～7.2,5g/L、10g/L、14g/L,10%、50%、100%〔17〕。R.Mendez(Cl-15g/L),,,。COD4kg/(m3·d),COD76%～80%。1.6　厌氧滤池　　RamonMendez(MAFTAF),COD10～50g/L,Cl-8～9g/L,Na+5～12g/L,MAFTAF。9,COD9kg/(m3·d)(TAF)24kg/(m3·d)(MAF),13g/L,,COD73%(TAF)64%(MAF);COD69%(TAF)66%(MAF)。,H2S3%～4%〔19〕。P.Balslev-Olesen(AF)(AFB)。2%～4%,COD2.6kg/(m3·d)12.5kg/(m3·d)(AF)15kg/(m3·d)(AFB),,〔20〕。1.7　A2/O工艺　　A2/O,,。ThongchaiPanswadA2/O(2+2+12h),COD、、500mg/L、25mg/L、15mg/L。NaCl030g/L,COD97%(0g/LNaCl)60%(30g/LNaCl),COD90%(5g/LNaCl)71%(30g/LNaCl)。(SOUR),。,。70g/L,40%～60%。,。48%(0g/L)10%(30g/L),,,48%58%,。8～15d,15～20d。,4～7d,5～19d〔21〕。　　,,,,,、、。,,,。,。2　　　,3%,(5%,20%),。,,,—3—　2002-11,22(11)　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　高盐度废水生物处理现状与前景展望,。2.1　分类　　、、。1%,,。1%～3%,,。,3%～15%,。15%～30%,,:、、、、。2.2　机理　　,。、。,,。、,、、,、,。,〔22〕。　　,,,()。,。[][1].A-B[J].,1999,30(1):19—23.[2].[J].,1990,19(11):6—8.[3].[J].,1997,(2):226—231.[4].[J].,1998,17(9):8—10.[5].[J].,2000,18(2):12—16.[6]HamodaMF,Al-AttarIMS.Effectsofhighsodiumchloridecon-centrationonactivatedsludgetreatment[J].Wat.Sci.Tech.,1995,31(9):61—72.[7]DalmacijaB.Purificationofhigh-salinitywastewaterbyactivatedsludgeprocess[J].Wat.Res.,1996,30(2):295—298.[8]YucelTokuzR.Theeffectofinorganicsaltsontheactivatedsludgeprocessperformance[J].Wat.Res.,1989,23:99—104.[9].[J].,1999,25(3):35—38.[10]WoolardCR.Biologicaltreatmentofhypersalinewastewaterbyabiofilmofhalophilicbacteria[J].Wat.Res.,1994,28(3):230—234.[11]CharlesGlass.Denitrificationofhigh-nitrate,high-salinitywastew-ater[J].Wat.Res.,1999,33(1):223—229.[12]YangL.Biodegradationofdisperseddieselfuelunderhighsalinityconditions[J].Wat.Res.,2000,34(13):3303—3314.[13]YangL,LaiCT.Biologicaltreatmentofmineraloilinasaltyen-vironment[J].Wat.Sci.Tech.,2000,42(5):369—375.[14]MillsEV.Effectofsalinesewagecanontheperformanceofperco-latingfilters[J].WaterandWastewaterTreatment,1992,(9):170—172.[15]GumersindoFerjoo,ManustSoto.Sodiuminhibitionintheanaero-bicdigestionprocess:antagonismandadaptationphenomena[J].EnzymeandMicrobialTechnology,1995,17:180—188.[16]ShimshonBelkin,AsherBrenner.Biologicaltreatmentofahighsalinitychemicalindustrialwastewater[J].Wat.Sci.Tech.,1993,27(7):105—112.[17]ArjenRinzema.SodiuminhibitionofacetoclasticmethanogensingranularsludgefromaUASBreactor[J].EnzymeandMicrob.Technol.,1988,10(1):24—32.[18]MendezR.Pilotplantstudiesontheanaerobictreatmentwastewa-tersfromafish-canningfactory[J].Wat.Sci.Tech.,1992,25(1):37—44.[19]RamonMendez.Eatmentofwastewatersinthemesophilicandthermophilicanaerobi