高藻原水预臭氧强化混凝除藻特性研究

1,1,2,1,1*(1,030006;2,030006):,(dissolvedorganiccarbon,DOC),.,(10mgL-1),,55%~85%95%,993%(10mgL-1,PACl30mgL-1);THMFP(trihalomethanesformationpotential)117gL-146gL-1;(20mgL-1),,..,;,05~20mgL-1,12,.,.,,.:;;;;:X505;TU9912:A:02503301(2009)07191406:20080818;:20081116:(1971~),,,,,Email:[e-mail]*,Email:[e-mail]eRawWaterbyCoagulationEnhancedbyOzonationLIUHailong1,YANGDong1,ZHAOZhiyong2,LIZhengjian1,CHENGFangqin1(1SchoolofEnvironmentalSciencesandResources,ShanxiUniversity,Taiyuan030006,China;2.InstrumentalAnalysisCenterofShanxiProvince,Taiyuan030006,China)Abstract:Apparentmolecularweightdistribution(AMWD)andresinfractionationwereusedtocharacterizeorganicmattersoftherawwater.Removalofalgae,changeandremovalofdissolvedorganiccarbon(DOC),disinfectionbyproducts(DBPs)controlduringthepreozonationenhancedcoagulationtreatmentsinthejarscaleandpilotscaleexperimentwerestudied.Algaeactivity(AA)wasmeasuredandusedtoelucidatethemechanismsofalgaeremovalbyabovetreatments.Resultsshowthatalgaeremovalcanbeimproveddistinctivelybyproperpreozonation,astheozonedose10mgL-1,forinstance.Algaeremovalcouldbeincreasedfrom55%85%bytraditionalcoagulationto95%byenhancedcoagulationafterpreozonation;andthebestremovalachieved993%withozone10mgL-1andPACl30mgL-1;theresidualTHMFP(Trihalomethanesformationpotential)wasloweredfrom117gL-1bytraditionalcoagulationto46gL-1.Buthigherdoseofozone(as20mgL-1)impairsorganicmatterremoval,althoughitdecreasesalgaeactivityfurther.SignificantdifferenceswerefoundinalgaeremovalbyAAdetectionbetweenozonationandtraditionalcoagulation.TraditionalcoagulationhadlittleeffectonAAnomatterthedifferentPACldoses;whileAAdecreasedclearlyafterozonation.AAwasloweredbelow12under0520mgL-1ozonation;anditkeptdecreasingwithincreaseofozonedosage.Duringthefollowingcoagulation,coagulantorsomeofitshydrolysisedcomponentsenhancedtheAAdecreasebyozonation.Comparedtothemethodofnormalmicroscopycounting,AAtestexpressestheinfluenceofalgaelivingstatebywatertreatmentprocessesmoreclearly;whichwouldprovidetreatmentprocessdesignerwithmoredistinctinformationaboutalgaeremovalmechanismsandhowtoarrangethetreatmentprocessestoimprovealgaeremoval.Keywords:algae;ozonation;enhancedcoagulation;disinfectionbyproducts;drinkingwater,,[1~4].,[3~6].,,[3,4],,(disinfectionbyproducts,DBP).,[4~13],.[1~4],,,.,,30720097ENVIRONMENTALSCIENCEVol.30,No.7Jul.,2009,.111:,21~25pH69346~73NTU;,045m,,DOC247~317mgL-1;.,25,Al01molL-1,Al2O3.12:10~20mgL-1;().:,1L,051020304050mL;:250rmin-12min40rmin-115min20min.,,10min;.:Millipore,02~03MPa,61.[14].,:,C1;1mL[15],7d,,C2;C2C1,,.1.;.10min,2min,20min,40min,,6mh-1,,.,,2,.150Lh-1,.1Fig.1Sketchofpilotscaledrinkingwatertreatmentfacility,DOCUV254THMFP;,DOCUV254.,,,2,,;TOCDOC:;UV254:UVVis;:2100ANTurbidimeterHach;THMFP:[5,12],GCECD,;,,Olympas.221TOC387mgL-1,DOC288mgL-1,099mgL-1,(specificUVabsorbance,SUVA=100UV254DOC)375.DOC1000,DOC56%,SUVA108;300038%,SUVA398.SUVA,DBPs[9,14],.,3000SUVA398,1000SUVA108,SUVA.,417%,(NoA)50%.22221(2).,,10mgL-119157:;50%.,;,;DOC,(05~10mgL-1)DOC,,DOC.2Fig.2Effectsofozonation222,,,3.,(10~20mgL-1)55%~85%,2mgL-1,;(20~50mgL-1),85%~90%.,,,30mgL-1,418%.,;,,50mgL-1,.(05~10mgL-1),,15~30mgL-1,85%,95%,993%(10mgL-1,PACl30mgL-1);,,30mgL-1,.3Fig.3Effectsofalgaeremovalbycoagulationandcoagulationenhancedbypreozonation22310mgL-1,30mgL-1,,4.4Fig.4Organicmatterfractionationsduringthepilotscaletests191630,100010000,10000~30000(50%),1000~10000.NoNWHoAHiM;HoBHoA,2.,300001000~10000;HiM,.232315,PACl,913~955,,.PACl,,5Fig.5Effectsofcoagulationonalgaeactivity.23256,,94912,,.,10.,,;,.30mgL-1,(05~20mgL-1),;30mgL-1,.241.6Fig.6Effectsofenhancedcoagulationonalgaeactivity11)Table1EfficiencyofpilotscaletreatmentNTU6686530683009508610133DOCmgL-1264523971536135518791677THMFPgL-12161327246138117104cellsmL-1356252023017071031C2C192993514788918731):(O310mgL-1PACl30mgL-1);(PACl20mgL-1):,DOC;THMFP72gL-146gL-1,(138gL-1117gL-1),,THMFP.,,51,,478;,89119177:873..33:;;,.,,,2.94912,,.(56),913~95510,;,,(0~30mgL-1).,.O3Lewis[17];Al3+Lewis,.[Al13O4(OH)24]7+Keggin(+7),(Al132~3nm)[18,19],,.NOM,[6],.,,,.,(pH65),,pH,.,..,51,,.,2:,,,;,.,;,.,.(05~10mgL-1)DOC,(15mgL-1),DOC.DOC,;[1,2,4,16].2.,,,.,2:,;,,,DOC.,,DOC;(20mgL-1),DOC,DOC.,DOC.4(1),,.:,;.10mgL-1,,30mgL-1,993%.HoBHoA,2;THMFP,191830THMFP,DOC.,(20mgL-1),DOC,DOC.(2),,913~955;,05~20mgL-1,12,.,.(3),,.:[1]PlummerJD,EdzwardJK.EffectsofChlorineandOzoneonAlgalCellPropertiesandRemovalofAlgaebyCoagulation[J].WaterSRTAqua,2002,51(6):307318.[2]SukenikA,TeltchB,WachsAW,etal.EffectofOxidantsonMicroalgalFlocculation[J].WatRes,1987,21(5):533539.[3],,,.[J].,2005,21(11):13231325.[4],,,.[J].(),2006,22(4):617621.[5],,,.[J].,2006,27(6):11271132.[6],,,.[J].,2006,7(1):7679.[7]EdwardsM,BenjaminMM.EffectofPreozonationonCoagulantNOMinteractions[J].JAWWA,1992,84(8):6372.[8]SchneiderOD,TobiasonJE.PreozonationEffectsonCoagulation[J].JAWWA,2000,92(10):7487.[9]EdzwaldJK,TobiasonJE.EnhancedCoagulation:USRequirementsandABroaderView[J].WaterScienceTechnology,1999,40(9):6370.[10]TobiasonJE,EdzwaldJK.EffectsofOzon