高藻原水预臭氧强化混凝除藻特性研究刘海龙

1,1,2,1,1＊(1.,　030006;2.,　030006):、,、(dissolvedorganiccarbon,DOC)、,.,(1.0mg·L-1),,55%～85%95%,99.3%(1.0mg·L-1,PACl3.0mg·L-1);THMFP(trihalomethanesformationpotential)117μg·L-146μg·L-1;(≥2.0mg·L-1),,..,;,0.5～2.0mg·L-1,12,.,.,,.:;;;;:X505;TU991.2　:A　:0250-3301(2009)07-1914-06:2008-08-18;:2008-11-16:(1971～),,,,,E-mail:[e-mail]＊,E-mail:[e-mail]eRawWaterbyCoagulationEnhancedbyOzonationLIUHai-long1,YANGDong1,ZHAOZhi-yong2,LIZheng-jian1,CHENGFang-qin1(1.SchoolofEnvironmentalSciencesandResources,ShanxiUniversity,Taiyuan030006,China;2.InstrumentalAnalysisCenterofShanxiProvince,Taiyuan030006,China)Abstract:Apparentmolecularweightdistribution(AMWD)andresinfractionationwereusedtocharacterizeorganicmattersoftherawwater.Removalofalgae,changeandremovalofdissolvedorganiccarbon(DOC),disinfectionbyproducts(DBPs)controlduringthepreozonationenhancedcoagulationtreatmentsinthejar-scaleandpilot-scaleexperimentwerestudied.Algaeactivity(AA)wasmeasuredandusedtoelucidatethemechanismsofalgaeremovalbyabovetreatments.Resultsshowthatalgaeremovalcanbeimproveddistinctivelybyproperpreozonation,astheozonedose1.0mg·L-1,forinstance.Algaeremovalcouldbeincreasedfrom55%-85%bytraditionalcoagulationto95%byenhancedcoagulationafterpreozonation;andthebestremovalachieved99.3%withozone1.0mg·L-1andPACl3.0mg·L-1;theresidualTHMFP(Trihalomethanesformationpotential)wasloweredfrom117μg·L-1bytraditionalcoagulationto46μg·L-1.Buthigherdoseofozone(as≥2.0mg·L-1)impairsorganicmatterremoval,althoughitdecreasesalgaeactivityfurther.SignificantdifferenceswerefoundinalgaeremovalbyAAdetectionbetweenozonationandtraditionalcoagulation.TraditionalcoagulationhadlittleeffectonAAnomatterthedifferentPACldoses;whileAAdecreasedclearlyafterozonation.AAwasloweredbelow12under0.5-2.0mg·L-1ozonation;anditkeptdecreasingwithincreaseofozonedosage.Duringthefollowingcoagulation,coagulantorsomeofitshydrolysisedcomponentsenhancedtheAAdecreasebyozonation.Comparedtothemethodofnormalmicroscopycounting,AAtestexpressestheinfluenceofalgaelivingstatebywatertreatmentprocessesmoreclearly;whichwouldprovidetreatmentprocessdesignerwithmoredistinctinformationaboutalgaeremovalmechanismsandhowtoarrangethetreatmentprocessestoimprovealgaeremoval.Keywords:algae;ozonation;enhancedcoagulation;disinfectionby-products;drinkingwater　　,,、[1～4].,、[3～6].,,、[3,4],,、(disinfectionby-products,DBP).,[4～13],.[1～4],,、,.,、、,30720097　　　　　　ENVIRONMENTALSCIENCEVol.30,No.7Jul.,2009DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.2009.07.008、、,.1　1.1　:,21～25℃、pH6.93、4.6～7.3NTU;,0.45μm,,DOC2.47～3.17mg·L-1;.,2.5,Al0.1mol·L-1,Al2O3.1.2　:1.0～2.0mg·L-1;、().:,1L,0.5、1.0、2.0、3.0、4.0、5.0mL;:250r·min-12min、40r·min-115min、20min.,,10min;.:Millipore,0.2～0.3MPa,6∶1.[14].,:、、,C1;1mL[15],7d,,C2;C2C1,,.1.、;、、.10min,2min,20min,40min,,6m·h-1,,.,,2,.150L·h-1,.1　Fig.1　Sketchofpilot-scaledrinkingwatertreatmentfacility、,、、DOC、UV254、THMFP;,DOC、UV254.,,,2,,;TOCDOC:;UV254:UV-Vis;:2100ANTurbidimeterHach;THMFP:[5,12],GC-ECD,;,,Olympas.2　2.1　TOC3.87mg·L-1,DOC2.88mg·L-1,0.99mg·L-1,(specificUVabsorbance,SUVA=100×UV254DOC)3.75.DOC1000,DOC56%,SUVA1.08;300038%,SUVA3.98.SUVA,DBPs[9,14],.,3000SUVA3.98,1000SUVA1.08,SUVA.,41.7%,(NoA)50%.2.2　2.2.1　(2).,,1.0mg·L-119157:;≤50%.,;,;DOC,(0.5～1.0mg·L-1)DOC,,DOC.2　Fig.2　Effectsofozonation2.2.2　,,,3.,(1.0～2.0mg·L-1)55%～85%,2mg·L-1,;(2.0～5.0mg·L-1),85%～90%.,,,3.0mg·L-1,　　　　　　41.8%.,;,,5.0mg·L-1,.(0.5～1.0mg·L-1),,1.5～3.0mg·L-1,85%,95%,99.3%(1.0mg·L-1,PACl3.0mg·L-1);,,3.0mg·L-1,.3　Fig.3　Effectsofalgaeremovalbycoagulationandcoagulationenhancedbypreozonation2.2.3　1.0mg·L-1,3.0mg·L-1,、、,4.4　Fig.4　Organicmatterfractionationsduringthepilot-scaletests1916　　　　　　30　　,100010000,10000～30000(50%),1000～10000.NoN、WHoA、HiM;HoBHoA,2.,30000、1000～10000;HiM,.2.3　2.3.1　5,PACl,91.3～95.5,,.PACl,,　　　　　　5　Fig.5　Effectsofcoagulationonalgaeactivity.2.3.2　5、6,,94.912,,.,10.,,;,.3.0mg·L-1,(0.5～2.0mg·L-1),;3.0mg·L-1,.2.4　1.6　Fig.6　Effectsofenhancedcoagulationonalgaeactivity1　1)Table1　Efficiencyofpilot-scaletreatmentNTU6.686.530.6830.0950.8610.133DOCmg·L-12.6452.3971.5361.3551.8791.677THMFPμg·L-12161327246138117×104cells·mL-13.562.520.230.170.710.31C2C192.99.35.147.889.187.31):(O31.0mg·L-1、PACl3.0mg·L-1);(PACl2.0mg·L-1)　　:,、DOC;、THMFP72μg·L-146μg·L-1,(138μg·L-1117μg·L-1),,THMFP.、,,5.1,,47.8;、,89.119177:87.3..3　3:;;,.,,、,2.94.912,,.(56),91.3～95.510,;,,(0～3.0mg·L-1).,.O3Lewis[17];Al3+Lewis,.[Al13O4(OH)24]7+Keggin、(+7),(Al132～3nm)[18,19],、,、.NOM,、[6],.,,,.,(pH6.5),,pH,.,..,5.1,,.,2:,,,;,.,;,.,.(0.5～1.0mg·L-1)DOC,(1.5mg·L-1),DOC.DOC,;[1,2,4,16].2.,,,.,2:、,;,,、,DOC.,,DOC;(≥2.0mg·L-1),DOC,DOC.,DOC.4　(1),,.:,;.1.0mg·L-1,,3.0mg·L-1,99.3%.HoBHoA,2;THMFP,1918　　　　　　30THMFP,、DOC.,(≥2.0mg·L-1),DOC,DOC.(2),,91.3～95.5;,0.5～2.0mg·L-1,12,.,.(3),,.:[1]　PlummerJD,EdzwardJK.EffectsofChlorineandOzoneonAlgalCellPropertiesandRemovalofAlgaebyCoagulation[J].WaterSRTAqua,2002,51(6):307-318.[2]　SukenikA,TeltchB,WachsAW,etal.EffectofOxidantsonMicroalgalFlocculation[J].WatRes,1987,21(5):533-539.[3]　,,,.[J].,2005,21(11):1323-1325.[4]　,,,.[J].(),2006,22(4):61