工业废水有毒有机物全过程控制技术策略与实践周岳溪

Vol.1,No.1Jan.,2011　　　　　　　JournalofEnvironmentalEngineeringTechnology1,120111　:2010-10-08　:(2008ZX07207-004)　:(1964—),,,,,[e-mail]:1674-991X(2011)01-0007-08周岳溪,宋玉栋,蒋进元,席宏波,赖波,　100012　:,。,,“—”,:,;,,,,。,、、,。。:;;;;:X703.1　　　:A　　　DOI:10.3969j.issn.1674-991X.2011.01.002Whole-ProcessControlTechniquesandPracticesforToxicOrganicsinIndustrialWastewatersZHOUYue-xi,SONGYu-dong,JIANGJin-yuan,XIHong-bo,LAIBoResearchCenterofWaterPollutionControlTechnologies,ChineseResearchAcademyofEnvironmentalSciences,Beijing100012,ChinaAbstract:Reductionoftoxicorganicsinindustrialwastewaterwasoneoftheimportantlinkstobuildwatershedqualitytargetmanagementsystemwhichconsideredhumanhealthandhydroecologysafeasthewaterenvironmentaltargets.BylearningfromforeignexperienceandconsideringtheactualsituationofChina,awhole-processtechnologicalstrategyfortoxicorganicpollutioncontrol,basedontheoptimizationofproductionandpollutioncontrolasanintegratedsystem,wasproposedagainstthedisadvantagesoftraditionalend-of-pipesolution.Analysisandcharacterizationoforganicpollutantsinthewastewaterwerethebaseforthewhole-processcontrol.Improvingofproductionprocessandmanagementpracticewasusedtoreducetheamountoftoxicorganicsdischargedintowastewater.Thenwater-quality-basedtreatmentprocesseswereselectedforwastewaterstreamswithdifferentcharacterization.Organicrecoveryandenhanced-degradationtechniqueswereusedforthepretreatmentofwastewater.High-efficiencybiologicalprocesseswereusedforbiodegradationoftoxicorganicsandtheadvancedtreatmentwasusedforfurtherremovaloftoxicorganics.Forlarge-scaleindustrialcomplex,anoptimizationapproachinvolvingtheinner-workshop,inter-workshopandbetweenworkshopsandwastewatertreatmentplant,wasproposedforresourceconservationandhigh-efficienteliminationoftoxicorganics.Establishmentoftechnicalsystemsanddischargestandardsfortoxicorganiceliminationcouldpromotethedevelopmentandapplicationofadvancedtechnologiesgreatly.Keywords:toxicorganic;industrialwastewater;whole-processcontrol;water-quality-basedtreatment;pretreatment130,、、、、、,,,。[1],,[2-4]。,,,,,,,。“”,,,()。,,——,。1　,,。,1978《》(PretreatmentProgram)[5]。,(Interfere)(PassThrough),(POTW),,。30,,。,20,1500“”,30000[5],“”,90%,。19969,《》(IPPC)[6]。,(EIPPCB)、、、、、(BATreferencedocuments,BREFs)[7]。BREFs、,BOD5,CODCr,AOX,VOC,TOC,PAHs,,,,。《》《》[8],,。:1),,,,,,。2),,、、、。,。、、、、、,,。,。2　,,:1),,·8·1:;2)、,,;3),,;4),。,,。,“、—、—”。,,,,,,。:、、、、(1)。1　Fig.1　Technicalapproachesforwhole-processcontrolonorganicpollutantsinindustrialwastewater,2。2.1　,,、,。。,,。,、,;CODCr,BOD52　Fig.2　Preparationprocedureofwhole-processcontrolstrategyonorganicpollutantsinindustrialwastewater,,。,。,。,。、、、·9·1。,GC-MS,LC-MS-MS,,、、、。3。3　Fig.3　ProcedureofsourceanalysisanddischargelistingfororganicpollutantsinindustrialwastewaterABS,ABS,ABS3,3:ABS,,,、。,,[9],,。2.2　,、、、。,,,,,,,。,,。1t,、,68t,。2.3　。,,,,;,,,,。,,(4)。4　Fig.4　Water-quality-basedpatternforindustrialwastewatercollectionandtreatmentABS,ABS(5)。,ABS3,,ABS。,,,t50%。,,,·10·1:,。5　(ABS)Fig.5　Water-quality-besedwastewatercollectionandtreatmentpattern(ABSwastewaterasanexample)2.4　,。2.4.1　、、、、、、。。,,,,,。-,、,CODCr4600～7150mgL,1290～1870mgL,89.21[10]。。、,;。,,、,99%,CODCr95%,t35kg,36td,300d,378t,378a(t1),,、。,,,、,。,,,。,。2.4.2　,,,、,“”。,。,、。TiO2[11-16],、、、[17-20]。Fenton[21],2～3h,CODCr70%,,BOD5CODCr0.20.36。,、,,。、[22]。,,,。,。·11·12.5　,,,。,、、、。。,200～4900mgL,99%,;14.8～7.84kg(m3·d),70%,[23]。,DAT-IAT[24-25],NaCl30～80gL,CODCr690.3～821.8mgL,CODCr73.4～165.0mgL。,[26-27],RR2。(55±1)℃,,CODCr,100,900～1000,50000mgL,12h,CODCrRR244%85%。2.6　,CODCr,CODCr,,。,。,,。,。[28],25,、1,2-、1,1,2,2-、、,,12,,。[28]。3　,,。,,(),(6)。6　Fig.6　Optimizationapproachesforwhole-processeliminationoftoxicorganicsfromlarge-scaleindustrialcomplex3.1　,,,。,,。·12·1:3.2　,,。3.3　,,,,。3.4　、,、,、,、,。4　,,,,。7。,,;,,,;,。。7　Fig.7　Promotionmechanismofwhole-processcontrolfortoxicorganicsinindustrialwastewater5　,。,,“—”,,、;,,,,;,,,。,,,。[1]　,,,.(Ⅰ):[J].,2007,20(4):1-8.[2]　.GB21523—2008　[S].:,2008.[3]　.GB3544—2008　[S].:,2008.[4]　.GB21904—2008　[S].:,2008.[5]　USEnvironmentalProtectionAgency.Introductiontothenationalpretreatmentprogram(EPA-833-B-98-002)[R].WashingtonDC:OfficeofWastewaterManagement,1999.·13·1[6]　ECoftheEuropeanParliamentandtheCouncil.Directive20081ECoftheEuropeanparliamentandoftheCouncilof15January2008Concerningintegratedpollutionpreventionandcontrol(codifiedversion)[J].OfficeJournaloftheEuropeanUnion,2008,51(L24):8-29.[7]　EuropeanCommissionsJointResearchCenter,InstituteforProspectiveTechnologicalStudies.Referencedocuments[EBOL].Seville:EuropeanCommission.[2010-10-24].http:eippcb.jrc.esreference.[8]　ECoftheEuropeanParliamentandtheCouncil.Directive200060ECoftheEuropeanparliamentandofthecouncilof23October2000establishingaframeworkforcommunityactioninthefieldofwaterpolicy[J].OfficeJournaloftheEuropeanCommunities,2000,43(L327):1-72.[9]　USEPA.Generalizedmethodforconductingindustrialtoxicityreductionevaluations[R].EPA6002-88070,April1989.[10]　,,,.[J].,2009,17(6):52-54.[11]　,,,.TiO2[J].,2000,20(9):8-11.[12]　LIK,JIAJL,ZHOUYX.Preparation,characterizationandinvestigationofimmobilizedphotocataly