固定化膜生物反应器处理焦化废水的运行特性孙亮

孙　亮,　李文英,　徐　英,　冯　杰(太原理工大学煤科学与技术教育部和山西省重点实验室,山西太原030024)　　　:　针对采用传统生物法处理焦化废水时系统停留时间长、除污效率低的现状,将固定化技术引入膜生物反应器(MBR),并开展了处理COD为2598mg/L、氨氮为378mg/L的高浓度焦化废水研究。结果表明:其对COD的去除率为98.7%,对氨氮的去除率为95.03%,出水水质达到了国家一级排放标准;冲击负荷对反应器的处理效果影响较小,厌氧段的反应时间宜为14h,好氧段的较佳反应时间为10h;pH值为7.5～8.5时对氨氮能保持较高的降解率;好氧段应保持较高的溶解氧浓度,反应8h后宜减少曝气量以降低能耗;在反应器长期运行的过程中膜通量的衰减速度较慢,运行30d后膜通量下降了37.2%,且用水冲洗就可使膜通量得到基本恢复。　　:　焦化废水;　膜生物反应器;　固定化;　膜污染:X703.1　　:A　　:1000-4602(2008)13-0005-05　　:(973)(2005CB221207);　(IRT0517);　(NCET-05-0267);　(20051017);　(2005-21)CharacteristicsofImmobilized-cellMembraneBioreactorforCokingWastewaterTreatmentSUNLiang,　LIWen-ying,　XUYing,　FENGJie(KeyLaboratoryofMinistryofEducationandShanxiProvinceforCoalScienceandTechnology,TaiyuanUniversityofTechnology,Taiyuan030024,China)　　Abstract:　Inordertoreducethelongretentiontimeandimprovepollutantremovalefficiencyofthetraditionalbiologicalprocessincokingwastewatertreatment,theimmobilized-cellmembranebioreac-torwasadoptedfortreatingthecokingwastewaterwithCODof2598mg/LandNH+4-Nof378mg/L.TheresultsshowthattheremovalratesofCODandNH+4-Nare98.7%and95.03%respectively.Theeffluentqualityreachesthenationalfirstclassdischargestandard.Furthermore,theshockloadhasaslighteffectontheprocess.Theoptimalanaerobicandaerobictimesare14hand10hrespectively.WhenpHis7.5to8.5,theremovalefficiencyofNH+4-Nshowsimprovements.TheDOshouldbemaintainedatahighlevelintheaerobiczone,andafter8h,theaerationrateshouldbegraduallyde-clined.Thereductionrateofmembranefluxismuchlowerduringthelong-termoperation,andafterop-erationfor30d,themembranefluxlowersby37.2%.Themembranepermeabilityisregainedbysimplycleaningthemembranewithtapwater.　　Keywords:　cokingwastewater;　membranebioreactor;　immobilization;　membranefouling·5·24　1320087　　　　　　　　　　　　CHINAWATERWASTEWATER　　　　　　　　　　　　　Vol.24No.13Jul.2008　　,、、、、,COD[1]。,[2～4],,COD(100mg/L)[5]。(MBR)[6～8],,COD,、[9～14]。[15～17],,。、、[18～20],。MBR,、(HRT)、pH、,,。1　试验材料与方法1.1　1。1　Fig.1　SchematicdiagramofMBR18L,10L。,0.1μm,0.2m2。SCOPRION-Ⅱ618。、、、、,pH。0.02MPa,,。1.2　,,COD945～2598mg/L。。4.8%,10%PVA1%,pH6.7,4℃24h,[21]。1.3　COD:HH-6;:;:JPSJ-605;pH:pHS-2;:,。2　结果与讨论2.1　,1∶1,4d3∶1,4d9∶1,。,,(PVA),,,,8d。,,,。2.1.1　COD2COD。2　CODFig.2　CODremovaleffectinMBR2,,。MBR85d,COD2598mg/L,COD41.2mg/L,98.7%。2.1.2　3。15d,COD,15d,NH+4-N·6·24　13　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　。3　Fig.3　RemovaleffectofNH+4-N2.2　2.2.1　2,COD,COD100mg/L,,,MBR。2.2.2　HRTCOD4。4　HRTCODFig.4　RemovalrateofCODinreactorunderdifferentHRTHRT,COD,;14h,COD,,,,。,14h。HRT,COD,HRT10hCOD65%,HRTCOD。:COD,HRTCOD,,。,HRT,。,HRT10h。2.2.3　pH,pH6.4～8.4COD,CODpH。pH(5),pH8.0。pH,(、、HNO2)。pH,pH7.0～7.8,7.7～8.4,pH6.09.6;pH6.5～7.5,pH8.06.0。,MBRpH6.09.0(65%71%),pH。,pH,pH,,。5　pHFig.5　NH+4-NdegradationefficiencyatdifferentpH2.2.4　DO3mg/L,DO(2mg/L)[22]。6DO。2h,,DO4.34mg/L;DO,DO·7·　,:24　13,,,8hDO,,,DO。DO,(8h)(10h)。6　DOFig.6　DOchangeinaerobicphase2.3　MBR4.3L/(m2·h),30d2.7L/(m2·h),37.2%,,。MBRMBR,MBR,,(EPS),,;,,,,,[23]。MBR,,,MBR。MBR30d,,98.5%,。3　结论①　,GB8978—1996。②　;14h,10h;pH,pH7.5～8.5;,,8h,。③　,30d37.2%,,,。:[1]　,,,.A/O2GC/MS[J].,2006,11(11):1785-1791.[2]　,,.A/O[J].B,2004,(6):509-516.[3]　,.[J].,2007,23(15):90-93.[4]　,,.[J].,2000,26(6):35-37.[5]　,,,.SMSBR[J].,2001,17(5):6-11.[6]　,,,.[J].,2006,27(1):57-62.[7]　,,,.-[J].,2001,22(3):21-24.[8]　YangShu-Fang,TayJoo-Hwa,LiuYu.Anovelgranularsludgesequencingbatchreactorforremovaloforganicandnitrogenfromwastewater[J].JBiotechnol,2003,106(1):77-86.[9]　,,,.[J].,2006,27(7):1349-1352.[10]　,,,.[J].,2007,28(1):131-136.[11]　,,,.-[J].,2006,27(11):2345-2349.[12]　,.[J].,2001,27(4):41-44.(下转第13页)·8·24　13　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　。:[1]　LensP,ZeemanG,LettingaG.DecentralisedSanitationandReuse—Concepts,SystemsandImplementation[M].London:IWAPublishing,2001.[2]　FaneAG,FaneSA.Theroleofmembranetechnologyinsustainabledecentralizedwastewatersystems[J].WaterSciTechnol,2005,51(10):317-325.[3]　HidakaT,TsunoH.Developmentofabiologicalfiltrationmodelappliedforadvancedtreatmentofsewage[J].Wa-terRes,2004,38(2):335-346.[4]　,,,./[J].,2007,23(3):74-77.[5]　RotherE,CornelP,AnteA.Comparisonofcombinedandseparatedbiologicalaeratedfilter(BAF)performanceforpre-denitrification/nitrificationofmunicipalwastewater[J].WaterSciTechnol,2002,46(4-5):149-158.[6]　.(4)[M].:,2002.[7]　LiaoZ,degaardH.Coarsemediafiltration—analterna-tivetosettlinginwastewatertreatment[J].WaterSciTechnol,2002,46(4-5):19-26.[8]　AllanM,LeopoldoME,TomS.Acomparisonoffloatingandsunkenmediabiologicalaeratedfiltersfornitrification[J].JChemTechnolBiotechnol,1998,72(3):273-279.:(1972-　),　,　,　,　。:13902061010E-mail:[e-mail]:2008-01-20(上接第8页)[13]　,,,.PAC—MBR[J].,2007,23(13):60-62.[14]　ChoBD,FaneAG.Foulingtransientsinnominallysub-criticalfluxoperationofamembranebioreactor[J].JMembrSci,2002,209(2):391-403.[15]　,.[J].,2001,21(4):40-45.[16]　,,,.[J].,2006,27(12):2512-2517.[17]　.[J].,1997,17(2):5-14.[18]　,,,.[J].,2005,12(3):236-240.[19]　.[M].:,2002.[20]　,,,.[J].,1999,15(5):1-4.[21]　.-COD[J].,2007,22(2):163-165.[22]　,.[M].:,1998.[23]　,,,.MBRMBR[J].,2006,22(3):28-31.:(1982