固定化球形红假单胞菌处理电镀废水中Cd和Cr的研究毛雪慧

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CdCr毛雪慧1,2,徐明芳3①,刘 辉1,肖 娜1 (1., 510632;2., 518036;3., 510632):4(Rhodopseudomonassphaeroides)Cd、Cr,CdCr,,。,20g·kg-120g·L-1,CdCr。,,pH、,pH6.0、10.00g·L-1,40.00mg·L-1Cd96.68%。4-,3,3,Cd51.20%。,92.61mg·L-1Cd,3hCd98.80%,Cu、Au、Ni90.00%。:;;;:X172  :A  :1673-4831(2010)02-0160-07BiosorptionofHeavyMetalsFromElectroplatingWastewaterbyImmobilizedRhodopseudomonassphaeroides.MAOXue-hui1,2,XUMing-fang3,LIUHui1,XIAONa1(1.InstituteofHydrobiology,JinanUniversity,Guangzhou510632,China;2.InstituteofShenzhenWaterResourcesPlanningDesign,Shenzhen518036,China;3.BiotechnologyDepart-ment,JinanUniversity,Guangzhou510632,China)Abstract:EffectofimmobilizedRhodopseudomonassphaeroidestreatingcadmium(Cd)andchromium(Cr)containingwastewaterwasinvestigatedandtechnologicalconditionsfortheimmobilizedbacteriatoadsorbCdandCrionswereopti-mizedintreatingelectroplantingwastewatercontinuouslyinabioreactor.Resultsshowthatthebacteriaimmobilizedingelcomplexwith20g·kg-1ofzeoliteand20g·L-1ofsodiumalginateweresignificantlybetterthanfreebacteriainremo-vingCdandCrfromthewastewater.Orthogonalexperimentswereconductedtooptimizetechnologicalconditionsforwastewatertreatment.ItwasfoundthatpHofthewastewaterandinoculationrateofthebacteriaweretwomajorfactorsaf-fectingheavymetalsrermovingefficiency.WhenpHofthewastewatercontaining40.00mg·L-1Cdtobetreatedwas6.0andinoculationrateofthebacteria10.00g·L-1,Cdremovingratereached96.68%.Resultsoffourcyclesofsorption-desorptionrevealthatimmobilizedbacteriacouldlastthreecycles.ItsCdremovingratemightstillcomeupto51.20%inthethirdcycle.Inthebioreactor,immobilizedR.sphaeroideswasusedtotreatelectroplatingwastewatercontaining92.61mg·L-1Cd.Threehoursoftreatmentremoved98.80%oftheCdinthewastewaterandover90.00%ofotherheavymetals(Cu,AuandNi)aswell.Keywords:Rhodopseudomonassphaeroides;immobilization;heavymetalwastewater;bioreactor  ,、、,,,[1-2]。、、,、、,,,,,,[3]。,,。[4-6]。、,,,。,,,,[7]。[(C5H7O4COONa)n,CA]、,:(2KM02501G):2009-06-18①E-mail:xuxuxu20042005@126.com  2010,26(2):160-166JournalofEcologyandRuralEnvironment(—COONa),[8]。,CA、,,(、、)CA。,(Rhodopseudomonassphae-roides),,、,,。1 1.1 1.1.1 (Rhodopseudomonassphae-roides)。10.00%[9],30℃、[]4000lx2d,5000r·min-115min,,,9.0g·L-13,,D6602.00,()1.65g·L-1,4℃。1.1.2 :CdCr2,(0.2032±0.0001)g(CdCl2·2.5H2O)(0.2829±0.0001)g(K2Cr2O7)2,1L,,100.00mg·L-1Cd(Ⅱ)Cr(Ⅵ)。,。:,1L,pH5.3,4℃。1.2 1.2.1 [10-11](PVA)2.40g(0.36g0.48g),CA0.48g,20mL,,,10mL10cm20g·L-1CaCl2(),3mm,12h。,8.5g·L-1。1.2.2 ()1mL,1mL,24h,,。1.3 1.3.1 50mL4,5.00g(1mL),3.69mg·L-1Cd(Ⅱ)Cr(Ⅵ),30℃、150r·min-120h,,。2,、。,。3。1.3.2 ,(A)、(B)、pH(C)3,3(1)。100mL20g·kg-120g·L-1CA,,,、,,。1 Table1 VariablesandrangesintheorthogonalexperimentforimmobilizedRhodopseudomonassphaeroides/(g·L-1)/minpH110.00305.0215.00606.0320.00907.01.3.3 [12]40.00mg·L-1Cd。25℃、150r·min-1,,2,,10mLHNO3,25℃60min,2,,。1.3.4 (1)。20cm,4cm,1.00·161· 2         :CdCrmL·min-1,。10.00g,20g·kg-120g·L-1CA,()1∶5,3mm。0.80L·min-1,25℃3h,(ICP-AES),。1 Fig.1 BioreactorfortreatmentofheavymetalwastewaterbyimmobilizationofRhodopseudomonassphaeroides1.4 1.4.1 [13]ICP-AES。1.4.2 q=(Co-Ce)×V/W(1)(1),q—(),mg·g-1;Co—,mg·L-1;Ce—,mg·L-1;V—,L;W—,g。1.4.3 20mL,3000r·min-110min,10mL,,。  =(C1-C2)/C1×100%(2)(2),C1—,mg·L-1;C2—,mg·L-1。1.4.4 PHILIPSXL-30ESEM()。25.0mL·L-11h,,,,、。2 2.1 2.1.1 。,。,,,。Cr、Cd2。A—;B—;C—;D—;E—。2 Fig.2 EffectoffixationmaterialonCdandCrremovalefficiencybyimmobilizedRhodopseudomonassphaeroidesbeads  2,20h,4Cd、Cr,PVA,Cd95.54mg·g-1,Cr63.57mg·g-1。Cd、Cr39.70、27.55mg·g-1,(、、)[5,14]。2[15]:1,、;2,,,[16]。3B,·162·                                   26,。(SiO4)(AlO4),,[17]。,。,Cd、Cr。,,[18],,,,,,。A—;B—;C—;D—;E—。3 Fig.3 ScanningelectronmicroscopicgraphsofsurfacestructuresoffreeRhodopseudomonassphaeroidesbeadsandimmobilizedRhodopseudomonassphaeroides  3C,,,[19],[20],Cd、Cr。3D,PVA,,。PVA,,2,[21],。,PVA-Cd、Cr[22]。,PVACd、Cr。3E,,。—COOH、—OH、—SO3H,[23]。,。2.1.2 4。1∶2,CdCr,86.87%、9.69%,1∶5,CdCr88.95%、18.67%。4 Fig.4 EffectofembeddingratioonCdandCrremovalefficiencybyimmobilizedRhodopseudomonassphaeroides·163· 2         :CdCr2.2 2.2.1 50mL,5.00g,1∶5,3mm,30℃CrCd5。5,,,CrCd,CrCd,30min,,。,60min。5 Fig.5 EffectofdurationofexposureonCdandCrremovalefficiencybyimmobilizedRhodopseudomonassphaeroidesbeads2.2.2 pH5,NaOHpH3.0、4.0、5.0、6.0、7.0,5.00g,30℃60min。pHCrCd6。  6,pHCrCd。pH,H+Cd,,。pH,Cd,。pH6.0~7.0,Cd,,pH,Cd。CdpH6.0~7.0。pH1.0~2.0,Cr,,pH,,CrpH1.0~2.0。,pH4.0~5.0,pHpHzpc(),,Cr(Ⅵ)(Cr2O72-、CrO42-、HCrO4-)。,pHpHzpc,,,Cr(Ⅵ)[24]。6 pHFig.6 EffectofpHonCdandCrremovalefficiencybyimmobilizedRhodopseudomonassphaeroidesbeads2.2.3 5,50mL,1.00、5.00、10.00、20.00、30.00g,pH6.0、30℃60min,CrCd,7。7,,。,,CrCd。CrCd10.00~20.00g·L-1。7 Fig.7 EffectofinoculationrateofimmobilizedRhodopseudomonassphaeroidesonCdandCrremovalefficiencybythebacteria2.2.4 Cd,1(2)。2·164·                                   26,9,2,A1B2C2(),Cd96.68%。,Cd3:CAB,RCRARB,pHCd。A1B2C2,10.00g·L-1、60min、pH6.0。3,F=0.186,P=0.8430.05,F=0.116,P=0.8960.05,pHF=156.719,P=0.0060.05,Cd,pHCd。2 CdL9(33)Table2 Resultsoftheorthogonalexperimentofimmobi-lizedRhodopseudomonassphaeroidesadsorbingCdABCD()Cd/%1111116.002122296.683133387.774212393.245223

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