固定化细胞单级生物脱氮动力学模型研究曹国民

固定化细胞单级生物脱氮动力学模型研究＊曹国民　赵庆祥　孙贤波　张　彤(,200237)　以PVA为载体,采用冷冻-解冻法混合固定硝化菌和反硝化菌,在鼓泡床中研究了固定化细胞单级生物脱氮的动力学。结果表明:在固定化细胞单级生物脱氮过程中,内扩散对反应的影响非常小,脱氮速率受化学反应控制。反应的动力学可以用Monod方程来表示,其动力学常数Ks和vmax分别为303.0mgL和0.096mgL·s。用模型计算的脱氮速率与实测值非常接近。　生物脱氮　固定化细胞　动力学模型　　　　　　　　＊(29777007)1　,[1、2]。,,,,[3]。,,,,DosSantos[4]1996K-,。。,PVA(),-,,(),。2　2.1　硝化菌和反硝化菌及其培养基。:(NH4)2SO4700mgL,NaHCO31000mgL,、;:KNO31800mgL,CH3OH1500mgL,。2.2　细胞的固定化方法,,,15min(3000rmin)、2,12%PVA2%,4%CaCl2,、30min,3mm。CaCl2,,-20℃,。,,。2.3　模拟废水组成(NH4)2SO4500～600mgL,NaHCO3800～1000mgL,,0.05molL、pH8.2,CH3OH600～750mgL。2.4　固定化细胞连续脱氮试验1L(5.1cm,50cm)(30±1℃),20mLh,,,DO3～5mgL,15%。,NH+4-N、NO-3-NNO-2-N。2.5　固定化细胞间歇脱氮试验,,10%。,2h。3　3.1　本征动力学:NH+4NO-2NO-3NO-2NO2,12　　　200110195DOI:10.13205/j.hjgc.2001.05.003NO-2NO-3N2,NO-2NO-3。,。,,DO2～6mgL,[5]。,,MonodMichaelis-Menten。Monod[6]:v=-dSdt=vmax·SKs+S(1)　　(1)Michaelis-Menten。,(),NO-2NO-3,,(1)。3.2　固定化细胞单级生物脱氮的动力学模型3.2.1　(η),、。,,。,。,(effectivenessfactor),:η==vvS(2)　　S,,,vsv0。,η,,:v=η·v0(3)　　,,:v=ApVp·DedSdrr=R=3R·DedSdrr=R(4),vS=v0=vmax·S0KS+S0η=3R·De·(dSdr)r=Rvmax·S0(Ks+S0)(5),η,dSdr。,S～r。3.2.2　--,:(1);(2);(3);(4)。,[7]。r,dr,,-:Ded2Sdr2+2rdSdr=vmax·SKs+S(6)r=rR,s=SS0,β=S0Ks,=R3vmaxKsDe(7)(6):d2sdr2+2rdsdr=92s1+β·s(8)(8):sr=1=1,dsdrr=0=0(9)(8),s=f(r,,β)dsdr=f(,β)(10)(5):η=(dsdr)r=132[1(1+β)](11)(10)(11),η=f(,β)(12),η。,KsS010,[8],η:η=11tanh(3)-13(13)　　,ηvmaxKs。、,。,η:(4):dsdrr=1=R2·v3De·S0(14)(14)(11):η2=R2·v(1+β)9De·S0(15)Thiele(ObservableThielemodulus)(Υ),:13　　　200110195Υ=VpAp2·vDe·S0(16)ηΥβ,η=g(Υ,β)(17)　　,βη-Υ。,,(16)Υ,βη。4　4.1　表观Thiele模数(Υ)(3.0mm)1。,v=(Si-Se)·Q3600Vt3.344×10-3mgL·s。,CSTR,,S0=Se=9.8mgL()。,PVA[9]:De=0.55×10-9ms2。De,v,S0R(16),Υ=0.1550.3。Υ0.3,,[10]。,3.0mm,,。1　4.2　动力学参数vmax和Ks,、,。,,vmaxKs。(1):lnS0SS0-S=vmaxKs·tS0-S-1Ks(18)　　lnS0SS0-StS0-S();lnS0SS0-St(S0-S),2,Monod。Ks=303.0mgL,vmax=34.5mgL()·h=0.096mgL()·s。　thSmg·L-1tS0-SlnS0SS0-Sv=vmax·SKs+Svv-vv×100%0112.6-----294.60.1110.009680.02280.0227-0.4478.20.1160.010600.01970.0196-0.5666.30.1300.011440.01720.0168-2.4855.20.1400.012420.01480.0143-3.51045.30.1490.013530.01250.0121-3.31238.50.1620.014480.01080.0102-5.91431.30.1720.015750.00900.0085-5.91625.10.1830.017150.00730.0072-1.41819.80.1940.018730.00590.00613.32015.90.2070.020240.00480.00539.42212.30.2190.022080.00370.004822.9249.80.2330.02375---:vvmgL·s。14　　　2001101952　　　,,,、,,。(7)ThieleΥ=0.38,,KsS0=3039.810,[9],(13)η=0.92,,。4.3　动力学参数的检验,S～t,。,3S～t,,,6。(5),(7)10%。,。5　(1),,。,,。(2)Monod,Ks=303.0mgL,vmax=0.096mgL·s。Ap———m2;De———()m2s;Ks———mgL;Q———Lh;R———m;r———m;r———;s———;S0———mgL;S———mgL;Si———mgL;Se———mgL;t———h;v———mgL·s;vmax———mgL·s;v0———mgL·s;Vp———m3;Vt———m3;β———S0Ks;η———;———ThieleR3vmaxKsDe;Υ———ThieleVpAp2·vDe·S0。1　,,.[J].,2000.16(2):20～24.2　DosSantosVAPM,TramperJ,andWijffels.Integratednitrogenremovalincompactsystemsbyimmobilizedmicroorganisms:new-generationbioreactor[J].BiotechnolAnnuRev,1998.4:321～394.3　,,.[J].,2000.18(5):17～19.4　DosSantosVAPM,TramperJ,andWijffels.Dynamicmodellingofaninte-gratednitrogenremovalsystemsusingco-immobilizedmicroorganisms[J].ProgBiotechnol,1996,11(immobilizedcells):486～4935　.[M].3.:,1989.252～280.6　,.[M].:,1998.43.7　WijffelsRH,deGooijerCD,SchepersAVetal.Dynamicmodelingofimmobi-lizednitrosomonaseuropaea:Implementationofdiffusionlimitationoverexpand-ingmicrocolonies[J].EnzymeandMicrobialTechnol1995.17:462～471.8　,.()[M].:,1992.155～156.9　,,.、PVA[J].()。10　BaileyJE,OllisDF.BiochemicalEngineeringFundamentals[M].2ndEd.Singapore:McGraw-HillBookCompany,1994.213.　,,196311。,,30。2001-03-0515　　　200110195ANEWPROCESSOFDENITRIFICATIONBYSHARON-ANAMMOXWangHuizhenetal(7)………Abstract　Anewprocessofdenitrificationbysinglereactorforhighammoniumremovalovernitrite-anaerobicammo-niumoxidation(SHARON-ANAMMOX)isintroducedinthispaper.Themechanism,environmentaldemandsandsustainablesignificanceoftheprocessarealsoanalysed.Keywords　nitrogenremovalovernitrite,anaerobicammoniumoxidationanddenitrificationPRACTICALAPPLICATIONOFMBRINWASTEWATERTREATMENTANDREUSEZhangJunetal(9)……………………………………………………………………………………………………………Abstract　Themembranebioreactorisanewefficientwastewatertreatmenttechnologydevelopedrecentlywhichcom-binedbiologicaltreatmentwithmembraneseparationprocesses.PracticalapplicationsofMBRinmunicipalwastewatertreat-ment,buildingdomesticwastewaterreuse,highconcentrationdomesticwastewatertreatment,andthetreatmentofsolidwastelandfillleachatebothathomeandabroadwereintroducedinthispaper.ItwasprovedbymanypracticalexperiencesthatMBRprocesspossessesmanyadvantagesthattheconvenionalmethodcannotmatch.MBRprocesshasabroadapplicationprospectforwastewatertreatmentandreuse.Keywords　membranebioreactor,MBR,wastewatertreatmentandwastewaterreuseSTUDYONKINETICSMODELOFSINGLE-STAGEBIOLOGICALDENITRIFICATIONWITHIM-MOBILIZEDCELLSCaoGuominetal(12)…………………………………………………………………………Abstract　Thenitrifyingbacteriaanddenitrifyingbacteriawereimmobilizedwithpolyvinylalcohol(PVA)byiterativefreezingandthawing.Thekineticmodelofsingle-stagebiologicaldenitrificationbyimmobilizedcellsinabubble-columnbioreactorwasstudied.Theresultsshowedthattheeffectofinternaldiffusionontheoverallratecouldbeneg