固定载体卧式厌氧反应器处理糖蜜废水的快速启动李杰

微生物学通报APR20,2011,38(4):474−480MicrobiologyChina©2011byInstituteofMicrobiology,[e-mail]基金项目：“”(No.2008BADC4B01,2008BADC4B17,2007BAD75B07)*通讯作者：Tel:[phone];:[e-mail]收稿日期：2011-01-05;接受日期：2011-02-23研究报告固定载体卧式厌氧反应器处理糖蜜废水的快速启动李杰张冬冬袁旭峰朱万斌程序王小芬崔宗均*(100193)摘要:为高效处理高浓度有机废水而设计了固定载体卧式厌氧反应器R1和R2,它是厌氧折流板反应器(ABR)的改进,以活性炭纤维作为生物膜载体固定并充当反应器的折流板,在实验室规模上对R1和R2处理糖蜜废水进行快速启动运行。HRT和ORL是影响R1和R2稳定高效运行及启动的2个重要工艺参数。实验证明:HRT为2d时,反应器运行最佳。在第30天时,R1的COD去除率达到84.88%,R2达到81.72%。随着进水ORL由1.25kg/(m3·d)提升到10kg/(m3·d),沼气容积产气率由0.35L/(L·d)逐渐增加到4.98L/(L·d)。进水pH值为3.9−4.5之间,整个启动运行过程中,未调节pH值,R1和R2的出水pH值均在6.7−7.6之间,2个反应器均有较强的抗酸能力,R1的pH波动更为平缓。在整个实验过程中,污泥流失量小,没有发生堵塞现象,在处理酸性高浓度有机废水时,2个反应器均表现出较强的抗负荷冲击能力。关键词:固定载体厌氧反应器,活性碳纤维,启动,运行特性Start-upoffixedcarrieranaerobicreactortreatmenttomolasseswastewaterLIJieZHANGDong-DongYUANXu-FengZHUWan-BinCHENGXuWANGXiao-FenCUIZong-Jun*(CenterofBiomassEngineering,CollegeofAgronomyandBiotechnology,ChinaAgriculturalUniversity,Beijing100193,China)Abstract:Toefficientlytreathighconcentrationorganicwastewater,wedesignedfixedcarrieranaero-bicreactorR1andR2.Theyareimprovementofanaerobicbafflereactor(ABR).Itsbafflesweremadefromactivecarbonfiber,quickstart-upofR1andR2isproceededtotreatmolasseswastewaterinalaboratory-scale.Thehydraulicretentiontimes(HRT)andorganicloadingrate(OLR)areimportanttechnicalparameterswhichaffectstableefficientoperationandstart-upofreactor.TheresultsindicatedwhenHRTis2d,reactorsshowtheoptimumoperation.Intheoperationof30d,CODremovaleffi-ciencyofR1couldreachthe84.88%,R2couldreach81.72%.BiogasproductionrateincreasedfromDOI:10.13344/j.microbiol.china.2011.04.008:475(L·d)to4.98L/(L·d),withinfluentorganicloadingrate(OLR)raisedfrom1.25kg/(m3·d)to10kg/(m3·d).Inthetworeactors,thepHvalueofeffluentwastewaterwasbetween6.7to7.6andthepHvalueofinfluentwastewaterwasbetween3.9to4.5.Duringthewholeexperimentalperiod,thepHvalueofinfluentwastewaterwasnotadjusted,whichprovedtworeactorshavestrongabilitytoresistacid.ThepHvalueofR1fluctuatedmoregently.Thereactorswithlesssludgelosingandnocloggingphenomenonshowedthestrongabilitytotreatacidichighconcentrationorganicwastewaterandtore-sisthighshockloadingduringthewholerunningprocesses.Keywords:Fixedcarrieranaerobicreactor,Activatedcarbonfibers,Start-up,Operationcharacteritic,,,,,:;;[1],,,[2](UASB),:,[3];,,,[4],,,,,2R1R2,,pH4.3,(R1R2),,,1材料与方法1.1反应器结构ABR,PVC,15L,R1××:400mm×150mm×250mm;4,5cm,,210mm,35°C−37°C1,,,,R2,R1,R2××:400mm×250mm×150mm,R22,,1.2实验材料(),(TS)33.63%,(VS)6.16%10L(:70%;:45%),800g90LCOD100000mg/L,CODCOD:N:P(300−500):5:1,[5]476微生物学通报2011,Vol.38,No.4图1实验系统装置示意图Fig.1Asetofdesigndiagramofthedevicefortheexperiment:1:;2:;3:;4:;5:;6:;7:;8:;9:;10:.Note:1:Influentwastewaterbucket;2:Peristalticpump;3:Fixedcarrieranaerobicreactor;4:Infall;5:Outlet;6:Samplingpoint;7:Activecarbonfiber;8:Effluentwastewaterbucket;9:Gastube;10:Gasflowindicator.图2反应器R2的俯视图Fig.2ViewoflookingdownthereactorR21.3反应器的运行条件R1R24L,COD5000mg/L,15L35°C,4−5h,(HRT)120h,COD5000mg/L,(ORL)1kg/(m3·d)5dHRT,,1pH[6],pH4.3,HRT2d,[BT-200,2X(1−6800)mL/h,,],COD80%,,CDD,3HRT,97d1.4测定项目和方法1.4.1进出水pH值测定:HOBAB-212pHpH1.4.2进出水COD测定:,2d1,COD(ET99731,Lovibond)1.4.3产气量:(LML.1,)1.4.4污泥总固体(TS)和挥发性固体(VS):[7]:477表1R1和R2的运行参数Table1OperatingparameterofR1andR2Operatingparameter()Operatingtime(d)()HRT(d)CODInfluentCOD(mg/L)OLR[kg/(m3·d)]15550001.0012450001.259350001.676250002.5045d3150005.0010d10240002.0012d1226000−80003.00−4.0030d30210000−200005.00−10.002结果与分析2.1进、出水pH的变化pH,(),,pH[8],pH4.2−4.5,pH3,1,HRT5d,COD5000mg/L,R1R2pH6.5,215d,pH6.8−7.0,R1COD2287mg/L,R2COD1650mg/L,COD:56.20%54.26%5000mg/L,HRT,2HRTHRT5d1d(1),38,HRT2d,R2pH7.5,R136d7.3,pH6.0−8.0[9]42,HRT1d,R1R2pH,3,R2R1,R26.86.3,R16.86.6,COD,“”,HRT2d,4000mg/L,,pH,pH7.0,26.8−7.6pHR2R1,,R1R2pHHRT,,R2R1,32.2进、出水COD及COD去除率的变化1,45d,,HRT5d1d,COD,R2COD56.20%90.60%81.60%,R254.26%85.59%66.83%,,HRT2d,4000mg/L,HRT2d,2000mg/L10000mg/L,10000mg/L,ORL5kg/(m3·d),R1COD84.60%,R282.57%,3kg/(m3·d),R1COD87.50%,R290.88%,COD83%,,ORL5kg/(m3·d),2500mg/L4,,R1R2,COD80%,,478微生物学通报2011,Vol.38,No.4图3出水pH随反应器运行时间的变化Fig.3VariationofeffluentpHofreactorsduringoperationprocess图4不同有机负荷时R1、R2进出水COD及COD去除率的变化Fig.4ChangesofreactorsinfluentandeffluentCODandCODremovalrateswithdifferentORLR2R1,ORL7.5kg/(m3·d),R1COD83.61%,R281.20%;ORL10kg/(m3·d),R1R2COD81.51%,80.20%R1R2COD,[10],,,,,2.3产气量的变化5,ORL1.25kg/(m3·d)10kg/(m3·d),0.35L/(L·d)4.98L/(L·d),47,ORL2kg/(m3·d),R21.68L/(L·d),R12.01L/(L·d),R2,R22d,49,R1R2:479[11]pH,(VFA)pH,,,VFA,pH2.4污泥总固体(TS)及挥发性固体(VS)的变化10kg/(m3·d),R1R2,,2,R1R22.51%1.19%,,R2R1(TS)(VS)2.51%1.38%,,R1R2(TS)(VS)2.59%1.32%,34,R1R2,2.5选择合适的HRT6,HRT,R1R2CODHRT1d,R1R2COD,R174.35%,R266.83%,,COD,HRT,,,VFA,图5容积产气率的变化Fig.5Varitationofbiogasproduction表2反应器内污泥总固体(TS)及挥发性固体(VS)的变化Table2VariationsofsludgeTSandVSinthereactorsOriginalsludgeR1R1sludgeoncarbonfibersR2R2sludgeoncarbonfibersR1R1suspendedsludgeR2R2suspen