瓜尔胶的化学改性

:2004-09-20;:2004-11-16:　(1979-),(),,。瓜尔胶的化学改性吉　毅,李宗石,乔卫红(大连理工大学精细化工国家重点实验室,辽宁　大连　116012):;;、、、。、、、、,、、、。:;;;;;:TQ658;O636.1　　　:A　　　:1001-1803(2005)02-0111-04　　,、。,,、、、、、、、、。,,2070[1]。,。1　1.1　,,100200,D-β-1,4,D-α-1,6。,2∶1。()。1.2　,:①;②,;③;④、。,,,,,,,,C6,,SN2,C6。13CNMR[2],,,。(D.S.),,,3,9,D.S.=9/3=3,D.S.1,,。D.S.1。D.S.1,(MS),。·111·35220054　　　　　　　　　　　　　　日用化学工业ChinaSurfactantDetergent&Cosmetics　　　　　　　　　　　　Vol.35No.2April2005DOI:10.13218/j.cnki.csdc.2005.02.0131.3　,,,,。,,:,,;:,,,,,。,,。2　2.1　,,,。,,,,,[3],、,[4,5]。:　　,,,、、、,。[6]2002,。2003[7],,CMC。2.2　,,,,,、、[8]。、,,,,。,2,3-,3--2-[9]。MishinaYukie[10],,。[11],。2.3　,Mont-gomeryRex[12]Ca2+,,,NaOH,,,60℃,45min,80%、、,。、[13],、、[14]。2.4　　　[15],,,。、,。,,,60℃2.5h。:3--2,、、、、。YehMichaelH[16],0.55,2-,·112·　　　　　　　　　　　　日　用　化　学　工　业　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　35　:,,,、、[17]。2.5　,,10,,、、、、。,。DasguptaSunilP[18]。KoltaiKimberlyA[19],、,,,。,,,,。。[20],,,,,。YehMichaelH[21],,,。,。,(synergistic),。,,,[22]。、、、,、。,:,,、,。。β-、。β-。、、、,。:。、。,。3　,,,。,,,,。:[1],.、[J].,1990,9(2):1-5.[2],,,.[J].,2003,15(3):317-321.[3],,,.[P].CN:1472418A,2004-02-04.[4],,.[J].,1996,18(1):82-88.[5].PC-500[J].,1999,16(3):224-227.[6].HPG[J].,2002,19(3):24-27.·113·　2　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　:　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　[7].———[P].CN:1401726A,2003-03-12.[8]FEWKESKA,COTTRELLIW,MARTINOGT.Keratintreatingcos-meticcompositionscontaininghighDScationicguargumderivatives[P].WO:0197761,2001-12-27.[9]YEHMH.Modifiedhydrophobiccationicthickeningcompositions[P].US:5387675,1995-02-27.[10]MISHINAYUKIE,SATOSHIN,ANDOSHUZO.Shampoocompositions[P].EP:1037600,2000-09-27.[11],,,.[P].CN:1425738A,2003-06-25.[12]BATESONG,CORCORANJ,MONTGOMERYR,etal.Preparationofcarboxyalkylderivativesofpolygalactomannans[P].US:3740388,1973-06-19.[13]BOONSTRADJ,BAKKERA.Guargumderivativesandprocessforpreparation[P].US:3912713,1975-10-14.[14]DEMARTIONRN.Polygalactomannanethercompositions[P].US:4031305,1977-06-21.[15]YUEHM.Mixedderivativesofpolygalactomannansandprocessofprepar-ingsame[P].US:3723409,1973-05-27.[16]YEHMH,COTTRELLIW.Derivatizedguargumcompositionandpro-cessformakingit[P].US:5536825,1996-07-16.[17]CHOWDHARYMS.Derivatizedguargumcompositionincludingnonionicandcationicgroupswhichdemonstrateexcellentsolutionclarityproperties[P].US:5756720,1998-05-26.[18]DASGUPTASP.Enhancementofpaperdrystrengthbyanionicandcation-icguarcombination[P].US:5633300,1997-05-27.[19]KOLTAIKA,COTTRELLIW,MARTINOGT,etal.Keratintreatingcosmeticcompositionscontainingamphotericpolysaccharidederivatives[P].EP:0950393,1999-10-20.[20]MOATESD,CHADWICKML.Immisciblesegmenteddistributorforran-domdyeingoftextiles[P].US:4454617,1984-06-19.[21]YEHMH.Amphotericpolysaccharidecompositions[P].US:5378830,1995-01-03.[22]COTTRELLIW,CHOWDHARYM.Methodforpreparationofamphotericguargumderivatives[P].EP:0943672,1999-09-22.ChemicalmodificationofguargumJIYi,LIZong-shi,QIAOWei-hong(StatekeylaboratoryoffinechemicalsinDalianUniversityofTechnology,Dalian　116012,China)Abstract:Thestructureaswellastheprinciplesandmethodsofchemicalmodificationofguargumwereintroducedinbrief.Thedevelopmentofchemicalmodificationofguargumwasreviewed.Thesynthesisofnonionicguargum,cationicguargum,anionicguargum,hydroxyalkylanionicguargum,hydroxyalkylcationicguargumandamphotericguargumweredescribedindetail.Comparingwithoriginalguargum,chemicalmodifiedderivativesofguargumhavebeenimprovedinthewatersolubil-ity,compatibilitywithelectrolytesandstabilityofviscosityandconsiderablydecreasethecontentofinsolubleresidue,sothattheapplicationofguargumcanbeexpandedtomanyfields,suchasoilrecovery,cosmetics,personalcareproducts,paperchemicals,thickeners,andthelike.Keywords:additivesofcosmetics;guargum;chemicalmodification;derivatives;synthesis;application《》《》“”、“”,、(、、)、()、、。(、、、、、),,、。:·:20,。·:200,“、、”。·:3～8。·:30、50(10)。·:、、()、。:“”(0351-4062697)《》。!E-mail:[e-mail]。·114·　　　　　　　　　　　　日　用　化　学　工　业　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　35