光伏废水处理工程的调试研究

硕士学位论文光伏废水处理工程的调试研究RESEARCHOFTHECOMMISSIONINGOFTHEPHOTOVOLTAICWASTEWATERTREATMENTPROGRAM李金龙哈尔滨工业大学2013年7月国内图书分类号：TU992.3学校代码：10213国际图书分类号：628.3密级：公开工程硕士学位论文光伏废水处理工程的调试研究硕士研究生：李金龙导师：张景成副教授申请学位：工程硕士学科：建筑与土木工程所在单位：市政环境工程学院答辩日期：2013年7月授予学位单位：哈尔滨工业大学ClassifiedIndex:TU992.3U.D.C:628.3DissertationfortheMasterDegreeinEngineeringRESEARCHOFTHECOMMISSIONINGOFTHEPHOTOVOLTAICWASTEWATERTREATMENTPROGRAMCandidate：LiJinlongSupervisor：AssociateProfessor.ZhangJingchengAcademicDegreeAppliedfor：MasterofEngineeringSpeciality：ArchitectureandcivilengineeringAffiliation：SchoolofMunicipalandEnvironmentalEngineeringDateofDefence：July,2013Degree-Conferring-Institution：HarbinInstituteofTechnology哈尔滨工业大学工程硕士学位论文I摘要以某光伏企业废水站为依托，在废水站出水排放标准提高的背景下，通过现场的跟踪调试研究了该废水站存在的问题、提出了一系列的改造方案并对改造后的系统进行重新启动和调试，分析了改造后水处理系统稳定运行时各项水质指标的去除效果并与改造前运行情况进行了比较。该工程的设计规模为36m3/h，原来的排放标准为《污水综合排放标准》（GB8978-1996）三级排放标准，主要检测项目为COD≤500mg/L，BOD5≤300mg/L，SS≤400mg/L。提高排放标准后出水要求达到的标准为《黄河流域（陕西段）污水综合排放标准》（DB61/224-2011）二级排放标准，主要检测项目为COD≤300mg/L，BOD5≤150mg/L，SS≤200mg/L。经过对现场情况的调查，原来的处理基本上能够达到GB8978-1996三级排放标准，但是随着新的排放标准的执行，原来的处理难以达标。同时现场的运行还面临着以下几个问题：处理水量的增加，进水的pH不稳定、营养成分单一和SS高，水解酸化池、接触氧化池二和二沉池处理能力不足或未发挥作用。针对以上几个问题并结合现场运行情况确定了以下改造方案：增设pH自动报警装置、增加预沉淀池的容积、投加营养元素、接触氧化池的分段进水和二沉池前混凝反应。改造后系统重新启动，生化系统的活性污泥采用接种培驯和同步培驯相结合的方法，接种污泥为附近某生化污水厂的剩余污泥。水解酸化池和接触氧化池分别经历72天和62天完成启动运行。系统运行稳定后砂滤罐基本未启动。与改造前相比，水解酸化池的水解酸化作用更明显，B/C平均可达到0.425。接触氧化池二的生物膜挂膜效果与改造前相比有所提高，接触氧化池出水的COD在330mg/L~360mg/L范围内。经过混凝反应后，二沉池出水的COD、BOD5和SS的平均值分别为241.69mg/L、116.9mg/L和98.35mg/L，满足DB61/224-2011二级排放标准。针对调试过程中出现的污泥膨胀问题进行了研究，最终确定了水温低、溶解氧不足和营养元素局部缺乏引起了接触氧化池填料间隙的悬浮污泥膨胀。通过各项改造措施上述问题基本得到解决，重新启动后未发现污泥膨胀现象。关键词：光伏废水；水解酸化；接触氧化；改造；调试；污泥膨胀哈尔滨工业大学工程硕士学位论文IIAbstractBasedonsomephotovoltaicenterprisewastewatertreatmentstationandunderthebackgroundoftheimprovementoftheeffluentstandard,westudytheexistingproblemsinthewastewatertreatmentstationafterasurveyofsitecondition,carryoutseveralschemesforthereconstructionandrestartanddebuggingthesystemafterthereconstruction.Wealsoanalysistheremovaleffectofthewaterqualityindicatorsduringthestableoperationofthewaterwatertreatmentsystemandmakeacomparationwiththeoperationbeforethereconstruction.Thescaleofthewastewatertreatmentsystemis36m3/handtheoriginalemissionstandardofthewastewaterislevel3emissionstandardsinthe《Theintegratedwastewaterdischargestandard》,whichisalsotheGB8978-1996.ThedetailedtestitemisCOD≤500mg/L，BOD5≤300mg/L，SS≤400mg/L.ThenewemissionstandardofthewastewateristhelocalstandardoftheShanxiprovince,whichisthelevel2emissionstandardsinthe《TheintegratedwastewaterdischargestandardoftheYellowRiverbasin（inShanxi）》,orDB61/224-2011andthedetailedtestitemisCOD≤300mg/L，BOD5≤150mg/L，SS≤200mg/L.Afterasurveyofsitecondition,theformertreatmentofthewastewaternearlycouldmeetthelevel3emissionstandardintheGB8978-1996.However,withtheimplementoftheDB61/224-2011,theoriginaltreatmentofthewastewatercouldn’tmeetthestandard.Theoperationofthetreatmentprogramalsofacesthefollowingproblems:theincreasingamountofthewastewater,theunsteadypHofthewastewater,thesinglenutritionofthewastewater,thelargeamountofSSinthewastewater,theunusefulhydrolysisacidificationunit、contactoxidationunitorsecondsedimentationtank.Aimedattheseissuesandaccordingtothepracticalsituation,severalreconstructionideasareputout:settinganalarmdeviceofthepHinfrontofthesedimentationtank,increasingthevolumeofthepre-sedimentationtank,addingnutritionelements,multi-influenttothecontactoxidationunitandthecoagulationinfrontofthesecondsedimentationtank.Thesystemisrestartedafterthereconstruction.Themicrobeinbiologicalsystem哈尔滨工业大学工程硕士学位论文IIIisrestartedbysynchronouscultivationanddomesticationmethodandinoculationofcultivationmethod.Theinoculatedactivesludgeisfromthesewagetreatmentplantnearby.Thestart-upperiodofthehydrolysisacidificationunitisabout72dayswhilethecontactoxidationunitis62days.Thesandfiltertankdoesn’tgoafterthestableoperationofthesystem.Comparedwiththeoperationbeforethereconstruction,thefunctionofthehydrolysisacidificationunitismoreremarkable,andtheB/Cintheunitis0.425inaverage.Thebiomembraneinthesecondcontactoxidationunitisbetterthanbefore.TheCODoftheeffluentfromthesecondcontactoxidationunitisrangingfrom330mg/Lto360mg/L.Afterthecoagulation,theCODoftheeffluentfromthesecondsedimentationis241.69mg/L,theBOD5is116.9mg/LandtheSSis98.35mg/Linaverage.Inaword,theeffluentfromthesystemmeetsthelevel2emissionstandardsintheDB61/224-2011.Accordingtotheresearchoftheactivedsludgebulkingoccurredduringtherestartedperiod,thelowtemperatureofthewater、thelackoftheDOandtheparticaldeficiencyofthenutritionelementssuchasNandParethoughtasthereasonsoftheissue.Byallkindsofreconstructionstrategies,thoseissuesaresolvedatlastandtheactivedsludgebulkingdoesn’tappearanymore.Keywords:photovoltaicwastewater,hydrolysisacidification,contactoxidation,reconstruction,debugging,sludgebulking哈尔滨工业大学工程硕士学位论文IV目录摘要.......................................................................................................................IAbstract........................................................................