,(,,518060)[]、、、。,,、,。[];;;[]X703.1[]A[]1005-829X(2011)01-0013-05ProgressintheapplicationofphotosyntheticbacteriatothetreatmentofheavymetalwastewaterJiaPei,DengXu(InstituteofEco-environmentalScience,SchoolofLifeScience,ShenzhenUniversity,Shenzhen518060,China)Abstracts:Photosyntheticbacteriahavebeenpaidmoreandmoreattentiontotheapplicationinwastewatertreatmentduetoitsnon-toxicity,quickbreeding,easyartificialcultivationandnosecondarypollutionproducing.Thephysiologicalandbiochemicalbasisofbioaccumulationheavymetalwithphotosyntheticbacteriaisintroduced,andtheapplicationofphotosyntheticbacteriatothetreatmentofheavymetalwastewaterinrecentyearsisreviewed.Furthermore,theresistanceandbioaccumulationcapacityofphotosyntheticbacteriatodifferentheavymetalions,andtheeffectsofenvironmentalfactorsonbioaccumulationperformancearediscussed.Attheend,theprospectofbiotreatmentofheavymetalwastewaterbyphotosyntheticbacteriaisforecast.Keywords:photosyntheticbacteria;heavymetal;wastewater;bioaccumulation〔1〕,、(1~10mg/L),,。、,。,。,、、pH、,。1960,,,。,,。,。1。,、,、、、、,、、[](51078234)31120111IndustrialWaterTreatmentVol.31No.1Jan.,201113。〔2〕,,。,。22.1,。,,,。Cd、Cr、Cu、Hg、Ni、Pb、Zn、Mn、Co。,Cu、Mn、Zn;,Cd、Hg、Pb。,,。1。1mg/LHg2+Pb2+Cd2+Cu2+As5+Cr6+Ni2+Co2+As3+〔3-4〕5.117.722.347.2〔5〕0.4127.82.90.120.4A.nidulans〔6〕5.6Crr1810.0〔7〕20.0200.020.05.0200.020.020.0〔8〕320.0N〔9〕200.0100.0S150.0(Rhodopseudomonaspalustris),。〔4〕,6:Pb2+>Zn2+>Cr6+>Cd2+>Cu2+>Hg2+。〔9〕,N100mg/LCd2+,S150mg/LCd2+;Pb2+,<150mg/L,N,Pb2+150mg/L,,Pb2+200mg/LN。(Rhodobactersphaeroides)。〔8〕H320mg/LCd2+。〔7〕7,Pb2+As5+,200mg/L;As3+、Cd2+、Cr6+、Cu2+、Hg2+Pb2+As5+。:Pb2+、As5+>Cd2+、Cr6+、As3+>Cu2+>Hg2+。,。(Metallothionein,MT)、〔10〕,、。MT(Cd2+,Pb2+,Hg2+),。J.S.Turner〔11〕MTSynechococcusPCC7942Zn2+。Z.Chen〔12〕MT-,hMTSynechocystissp.PCC6803Cd2+60μmol/L,6。MTa-KKS-aCd2+,Cd2+70μmol/L。。IS.K.Jasvir〔6〕A.nidulansCrr18,EC50(12d)EC90,Crr182011-01,31(1)14/(mg·L-1)/(mg·g-1)/%RhodobactersphaeroidesS〔13〕Cd2+20.037.2Rhodovulumsp.PS88Cd2+20.023.1Rhodobactercapsulatus〔14〕Au3+240.0267.0Spirulinasp(L)〔15〕Cd2+Cr3+Cu2+1000.01000.01000.0159.0185.0196.0Gloeocapsasp.(viablecells)〔16〕Pb2+1.0~120.0232.6Gloeocapsagelatinosa(CPS)〔17〕Pb2+1.0~120.0256.4Microchaetetenera14b〔18〕Pb2+6.06.9~8.0Spirulinaplatensis〔19〕Hg2+Hg2+Hg2+10.050.050.0~1000.0131.3227.0428.0Aphanotheceflocculosa〔19〕Hg2+Hg2+Hg2+10.050.050.0~1000.096.2262.5456.0LyngbyaputealisHH-15〔20〕Cr6+5.0~20.0111.1Cyanospiracapsulata〔21〕Cu2+2.0~10.094.0~98.0Cyanospiracapsulata〔22〕Cu2+10.0230.0~250.0Cyanothece16Som2〔23〕Cu2+10.0195.6~206.8Cyanospiracapsulata〔23〕Cu2+10.0137.4~148.6CyanotheceCE4〔23〕Cr3+10.093.0~97.6CyanotheceTI4〔23〕Cr3+10.063.0~71.6R-04〔24〕Cu2+80.048.0R-04〔25〕Cu2+80.080.080.094.0Cu2+10.020.030.040.050.098.989.283.683.123.4R-04〔26〕Ni2+10.020.030.040.050.090.074.366.059.250.0Cr6+10.020.030.040.050.084.052.049.044.541.0〔27〕Pb2+Pb2+50.0100.0150.0200.0≈10085.0〔8〕Cd2+Cd2+0~40.080.0>85.0≈70.0S〔28〕Cd2+Cd2+Cd2+Cd2+10.0~25.050.0100.0150.085.070.040.023.0A.nidulans,79.43%。2.2、、pH,。2。22,3。,K.Chojnacka〔15〕Spirulinasp(L)Cd2+、Cr3+、Cu2+,1000mg/L,3,159、185、196mg/g,,Cu2+。。A.Cain〔19〕AphanotheceflocculosaHg2+,10mg/L,Hg2+96.2mg/g;50mg/L,Hg2+262.5mg/g;1000mg/L,Hg2+456mg/g。,。Cu2+10mg/L,CyanospiracapsulateCu2+230~250mg/g,,CyanotheceET5Cu2+103.6~122.8mg/g〔23〕。,,。,,。〔28〕S,Cd2+10~25mg/L85%;Cd2+150mg/L,23%。Cd2+〔8〕,Cd2+,HCd2+,。Cd2+0~40mg/L,85%;Cd2+80mg/L,15%(70%)。2.3pHpH。pH,pH<7,NaOH。,()。H+,pH,H+,,。,pH2011-01,31(1),:15、,,。pH3。3pH3,pH。〔25〕R-04Cu2+pH2.0,90.1%,pH5~7,20.1%;YouzhiFeng〔14〕RhodobactercapsulatusAu3+pH1.0,90%,pH3~10,80%,。pH,〔29〕,pH7Pb2+93.0%。2.4,。4,。4〔26〕(Cu2+、Ni2+、Cr6+20mg/L),96h。,。Cu2+,Cu2+90.2%;Cu2+、Ni2+,68.8%;Cu2+、Ni2+、Cr6+,84.5%。Ni2+,Ni2+Ni2+74.5%,Ni2+Cu2+62%;Ni2+Cr6+56%;,40%。,。,Cu2+Ni2+Cr6+,Cr6+Cr6+,50%。(),A.Cain〔19〕,Ni2+、Co2+、Fe3+、Zn2+Hg2+Hg2+。Hg2+,S.platensisHg2+102.86mg/g,Co2+、Zn2+、Ni2+、Fe3+,173.33、136.67、176.67、166.67mg/g;A.flocculosa,Hg2+Hg2+133.33mg/g,Co2+、Zn2+、Ni2+、Fe3+,196.67、153.33、190、193.33mg/g,Hg2+。,。3。,、,,,。,、,,。[][1]WangJianlong,ChenCan.Biosorbentsforheavymetalsremovalandtheirfuture[J].BiotechnologyAdvances,2009,27(2):195-226.pH/%〔29〕Pb2+7.093.0〔27〕Pb2+7.098.0〔28〕Cd2+7.080.0〔9〕Cd2+7.086.2Spirulinaforms〔15〕Cr3+、Cd2+、Cu2+7.0〔8〕Cd2+7.086.3Spirulinaplatensis〔19〕Hg2+6.0Aphanotheceflocculosa〔19〕Hg2+6.090.0R-04〔25〕Cu2+2.090.1Rhodobactercapsulatus〔14〕Au3+1.090.0S.platensisA.flocculosa〔19〕Hg2+Ni2+、Co2+、Fe3+、Zn2+R-04〔26〕Cu2+Ni2+Cr6+Ni2+、Cr6+R-04〔26〕Ni2+Cu2+Cr6+Cu2+、Cr6+R-04〔26〕Cr6+Cu2+Ni2+Cu2+、Ni2+2011-01,31(1)16[2],,.[J].,2006,25(4):103-106.[3],,.Cu2+,Cd2+Cr6+[J].,2002,8(3):290-293.[4],,.[J].,2002,21(4):6-11.[5]GiottaL,AgostianoA,ItalianoF,etal.HeavymetalioninfluenceonthephotosyntheticgrowthofRhodobactersphaeroides[J].Chemo-sphere,2006,62(9):1490-1499.[6]JasvirISK,TangiralaAS,AnuradhaS.OptimizationofchromiumremovalbythechromiumresistantmutantofthecyanobacteriumAnacystisnidulansinacontinuousflowbioreactor[J].ChemicalTechnologyBiotechnology,2007,82(7):652-657.[7],,.[J].:,1996,19(4):455-458.[8],,,.[J].,2006,26(11):1809-1814.[9].(Rhodopseudomonaspalustris)[D].:,2007.[10]ValleeBL.Introductiontometallothio