广东省农村饮用水与环境卫生状况调查何昌云

20091261JEnvironHealth,January2009,Vol．26,No．1，。，《》（[2006]4），（）、，200624（、），1636，。11.12006，、（），，（、）、24，（、）10（6）。1.2、、，，：（、、、、、、）、（、、、、、、），（、、、、）、。1.320069，1，：1001-5914（2009）01-0023-03，，，：，。2006，（、），、24，（、）10，。52.92%，47.08%，36.4%，、pH、，。，76.92%，33%，28.80%。72.98%，，，85.05%。、，33.50%，33.26%，、、，、、。，60.07%，、、，9.55%，。，（β=0.627，P0.01），（β=-0.504，P0.05），（β=-0.364，P0.05）。，。：；；：R123.9：ADrinkingWaterInvestigationinRuralAreasofGuangdongProvincein2006HEChang-yun,QUYa-bin,DAIChang-fang,etal.GuangdongCenterforDiseaseControlandPrevention,Guangzhou,Guangdong510300,ChinaAbstract:ObjectiveToknowthedrinkingwaterqualityintheruralareasofGuangdongProvince.MethodsTwenty-fourcountieswereselectedbythemethodofmultivariatestriatedsamplingaccordingtotheeconomiclevelsandgeographicalconditions,andthen10villageswereselectedasthemonitoringsitesineachcountyaccordingtothetypesofwatersourceandwatersupply.Theinvestigationandwatersurveillancewerecarriedoutineachcounty.Results52.92%oftheruralpopulationwereservicedbycentralwatersupply,47.08%wereservicedbynon-centralwatersupplyinGuangdong.Themonitoringdatashowedthattheeligiblerateofwaterwasonly36.4%,forthehighdisqualificationratesoftotalcoliform,pHvalue,andturbidity.Theeligiblerateofwaterqualityfortap-waterwithcompletetreatmentwas76.92%.72.98%offamilieshadthesanitarytoilets,85.05%ofthemwere3-compartmentseptictanktoilets.Thesourcesofgarbageincludedhouseholdorigin(33.50%)andproductiveorigin(33.26%).Thedisposalofdomesticgarbagewasmainlytoburn,burry,andstockpile.Thedisposalofindustrialgarbagewasmainlytorecycledirectly,burn,andburry.Thesourcesofsewageincludedhouseholdorigin(60.07%),agriculturalorigin,industrialorigin,breedingorigin,andetc.Sewagedisposalwasmainlytodraintooutsidewithoutanytreatment,andonly9.55%wastreatedbysewagedisposalplants.Thesignificantlynegativerelationship(β=－0.504,P0.05)wasfoundbetweenthefamilynumbersofsewagedrainageandqualificationrateofwater,andsignificantlypositiverelationship(β=0.627,P0.01)wasfoundbetweenthenumbersofsanitarytoiletsandqualificationrateofwaterin24countiesbythecorrelationanalysis.ConclusionThehygienicconditionofdrinkingwaterisstillpoorintheruralareasofGuangdongProvince.Keywords:Ruralareas;Drinkingwater;Healthsurvey【】：（510300）：（1967-），，，。23··DOI:10.16241/j.cnki.1001-5914.2009.01.01620091261JEnvironHealth,January2009,Vol．26,No．11（%）（）（）10106101010101010101010101010101010101010101010236100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0100.090.0100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0100.099.6100.070.0100.080.060.060.0100.080.090.0100.0100.050.0100.0100.020.0100.090.0100.0100.070.060.050.0100.0100.082.2pH50.0100.0100.060.070.060.070.0100.090.080.0100.090.090.040.060.040.0100.0100.0100.090.0100.070.060.0100.079.790.0100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0100.090.0100.0100.0100.090.0100.090.0100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0100.080.0100.0100.0100.097.590.0100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0100.090.080.0100.0100.0100.0100.0100.090.0100.080.0100.090.0100.090.0100.0100.0100.096.2100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0100.090.0100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0100.080.0100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0100.098.770.0100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0100.090.0100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0100.090.0100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0100.097.980.080.0100.0100.070.090.070.050.040.060.010.060.0100.020.010.060.0100.060.0100.080.0100.040.020.060.6100.090.0100.0100.090.080.090.0100.0100.0100.0100.0100.070.070.070.0100.020.0100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0100.092.440.060.0100.040.040.020.040.030.010.050.010.030.060.010.020.0100.060.060.050.020.030.020.036.4GB/T5750—2006《》，、、pH、、、、、、、、、、、。GB5749—2006《》，1。1.4Excel2000，SPSS13.0，χ2，、、。22.12.1.11636，，866，52.92%，770，47.08%。、、、、、、、，24.18%，19.12%，17.52%，17.17%，13.75%，7.32%，0.84%，0.09%。、、、、、、，28.80%，20.34%，20.07%，13.46%，9.12%，6.67%，1.54%。2.1.2，76.92%，、、、、、，33.33%，25.00%，24.44%，21.43%，16.67%，11.54%。、、、、，69.77%，42.42%，26.92%，26.76%，24.32%，、，。1，，36.4%（86/236），，、，、。,、、、、，（60.6%）pH（79.7%）（82.2%）（92.4%）（96.2%）（97.5%）（97.9%）（98.7%）（99.6%）。2.22.2.1149062，108778，72.98%，，，85.05%，、、、、、4.67%，1.38%，0.18%，1.90%，5.08%，1.73%；40284，27.02%，，、、、24.24%，38.55%，8.49%，28.71%。2.2.243857.76t，、，33.50%33.26%。、、，、、。2.2.31392148.49t，，836276.21t，60.07%，、、，19.97%，13.21%，6.67%。132949.2t，24··20091261JEnvironHealth,January2009,Vol．26,No．12008（）!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!2（）4503653286103509910568457521941350144563671466236156472938464531770511997563855857315499427404874（%）62.8795.1598.2996.8188.8069.2362.32100.0021.5254.2849.4560.5676.1734.0058.9460.0359.6295.6254.35100.0081.7656.05100.0052.17（%）2.005.017.0029.0033.2034.0596.9722.0929.2040.9849.6443.3323.8737.1020.1253.172.0558.8780.6558.99（%）13.9913.990.000.001.0036.9966.0227.9780.0673.0255.993.0078.9646.0179.9527.9410.0064.9513.0064.012.0141.019.55%，。2.2.42。、、，（P0.01）。2.3、、，，（β=0.627，P0.01），（β=-0.504，P0.05），（β=-0.364，P0.05）。3，、，、、[1，2]；、。，，，，、、、，[3，4]；、、，，，，。，，52.92%，33%，，40%。，，、100%，、0（、pH、）。，pH，，、、。，，