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彭友贵1,2,陈桂珠1,夏北成1,吴乾钊3,陈3(1.,510275;2.,650224;3.,510032):,,,,,,:;;;:TV213.4:A:1672-5948(2004)02-081-07,,,,,,,,,,,[1],,,,,,,,,11.1,,;,;,(1)1Fig.1ThelocationofNanshaDistrictinGuangzhouCity597.9km2,336.5km2,261.4km2,,15.07,,,,,,:2004-02-06;:2004-03-03::(1968-),,,,Email:pygui@sina.com2220046WETLANDSCIENCEVol.2No.2June,2004,36km,38nmile,41nmile,60km,10;100km,,,,,21.9!,1582mm,1.2GIS,SPOT(20021126)LandsatTM(2002117),,1.2.1湿地类型与面积53322.13hm2,89.2%,512,96.1%121Table1TypesandareaofwetlandsinNanshaDistrict,GuangzhouCity(hm2)∀∀1(0)24365.34∀225.95∀3(km)12.64∀41059.80∀562.98∀6179.77∀725547.04##11773.64∃∃122.91%%158.64%213.09&212.9353322.136469.6359791.761.2.2湿地植物资源(2),70.5%2Fig.2DistributionofwetlandtypesinNanshaDistrict,GuangzhouCity63.8%,,12%,,,,67%36%,,,,,62.98hm2,2Table2StatisticsonwetlandplantsinNanshaDistrict,GuangzhouCity*18369129026428816318*810461.2.3湿地动物资源,(822)(3),172,30.4%,45,47.4%(Platalealeucorodia)(Plataleaminor)(Aixgalericulata)(Milvuskorschun)(Buteobuteo)(Accipiternisus)(Tringaguttifer)(Falcotinnunculus)(Centropussinensis)(Glaucidiumbrodiei)(Ninoxscutulata),81,85%,,3Table3StatisticsonwildanimalsinNanshaDistrict,GuangzhouCity∀#*13511110191031695341511491670169513613612714108431231212850115551899*2,,,,,,,,43,37,15,,2,[2~6]2.1,,,,,,26220.53hm2,49.2%;,,22848.67hm2,42.9%,11m3,,,4,2~3m3/s,48%,2.2,,832:,,[7],1063t,444t,,,19681997300m,,,196819978.8km,308000hm2,,2.3,,,,,,,(),,,[8],200019.37t,5.62t,13.75t,,,Boto[9]Clough[10],150~250kg10~20kg[11],TN2.16kg/(hm2∋d)TP0.22kg/(hm2∋d),TN105789kgTP10436kg,,,,,2.4,,,(2,3),,∀(Sousachinensis)#(Neomerisphocaenoides)(Sousaplunbea),402.5,,,,,,,2000,500t∋km33.1,,,:(1),,(2)842,,,,(3),,3.2,(3,4),,,,,20.9%,18.1%,2.8%3Fig.3LayoutofwetlandconservationinNanshaDistrict,GuangzhouCity4Table4AreaofwetlandsconservedinNanshadistrict(hm2)3489,,961,,,,,780,,,,,4164,9520146,96551475301505111603.33.3.1制订湿地保护规划,(,,(.().2002.11~13.852:,,,,3.3.2建立南沙区级红树林湿地鸟类自然保护区,,,,,,3.3.3结合珠江口白海豚国家级自然保护区建设,加强南沙湿地生态系统的保护2003,[12],,,,,3.3.4发展湿地生态旅游,促进湿地保护:,;,,,,3.3.5进行湿地资源的开发利用与保护研究:(,),∗+-,,,3.3.6禁止滩涂的不合理围垦,加强污染治理[13],,,,,,,3.3.7加强湿地生态廊道建设与生态重建(1):[14];,;,;,,3,,3(3),,,(2),,,:,,;;:南沙地区湿地遥感调查由中山大学遥感中心关履基教授陈晓翔教授何执兼高工和硕士生庄应点庄穆煌等人完成,动物资源调查由中山大学生命科学院常弘教授完成,特此致谢:[1].21,,,[J].,1996,15(2):62~65.[2],.[J].,2003,28(3):7~8.[3],.[J].(),2000,23(2):172~174.[4].[J].,1996,(1):41~42.[5],.[J].,2002,22(8):1345~1349.[6]WhighamFD.Ecologicalissuesrelatedtowetlandpreservation,restoration,creationandassessment[J].TheScienceof862theTotalEnvironment,1999,240:31-40.[7],,.[A].:.−99[C].:,2000.157~165.[8]EhrenfeldGJ.Evaluatingwetlandswithinanurbancontext[J].EcologicalEngineering,2000,15:253-265.[9]BotoKG.Nutrientsandmangroves[A].In:ConnelDW,HawkerDW(ed.).PollutioninTropicalAquaticSystems[C].AnnArbor,London:CRCPressInc.,1992.129-145.[10]CloughBF,BotoKG,AtiwillPM.Mangrovesandsewage:are-evaluation[A].In:TeasHJ(ed.).BiologyandEcologyofMangroves[C].TasksforVegetationScienceSeries,Vol.8.Lancaster:Dr.W.JunkPublishers,1983.151-162.[11],,,.[J].,1998,24(6):363~367.[12],.[N].,2003-03-01(2).[13],,,.[J].(),2001,40(5):122~128.[14]ForsterN,TerryD,DittoDN.Environmentalsensitiveareas:atemplatefordevelopinggreenwaycorridors[J].LandscapeandUrbanPlanning,1995,33:159-177.ServiceandConservationFunctionsofWetlandEcosysteminNanshaDistrict,GuangzhouCityPENGYouGui1,2,CHENGuiZhu1,XIABeiCheng1,WUQianZhao3,CHENYang3(1.SchoolofEnvironmentalScienceandEngineering,ZhongshanUniversity,Guangzhou,Guangdong510275,China;2.SouthwestForestryCollege,Kunming,Yunnan650224,China;3.CityEnvironmentalProtectionBureauofGuangzhou,Guangzhou,Guangdong510032,China)Abstract:NanshaDistrictisthemajordevelopmentzoneincarryingouttheprogramofenlargingurbanareasinthesouthernregionsGuangzhouCity.TherearesubstantialwetlandresourcesinNanshaDistrictwhichprovidelargelandandfavorableenvironmentforthedevelopment.AccordingtotheclassificationprincipleofChineseandforeignwetlandsandthefeaturesofPearlRiverestuary,andtheresultofsurveybyusingsatelliteremotesensingimagetakeninNovember2002,thewetlandsinNanshaDistrictwereclassifiedinto5typesand12subtypeswithtotalareaof53322.13hm2,accountingfor89.2%ofthewholeprecinct.Amongthesewetlands,thedeltaalluviumplainandthewaterareaofestuaryarethetwolargestsubtypes,occupying47.9%and45.7%ofthetotalareaofwetlands,respectively.Meanwhile,thereare318speciesofhigherplantsand312speciesofwildanimalsinwetlands.Wetlandsareuniqueandimportantresourcesofgreatecologicalbenefit.TheecologicalservicefunctionsofwetlandecosysteminNanshaDistrictareasfollows:1)storingwater,preventingfloodandprotectingcoast;2)improvingterritorialenvironment;3)reducingpollution;4)conservingbiodiversity;5)providingforsightseeingandtour.Therefore,therelationshipbetweenutilizationandconservationofwetlandsinNanshadevelopmentshouldbeproperlysettledtofurtherthesustainabledevelopmentofeconomyandenvironment.OnthebasisofinvestigationofthewetlandresourcesandanalysisoftheservicefunctionsofwetlandecosysteminNanshaDistrict,itwaspointedoutthatwetlandswhoseecologicalfunctionswereveryimportantorwhichwererareinthisregionshouldbeconserved