规模化养殖场沼气工程温室气体减排选址优化模型研究蔡梅

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·134·RenewableEnergyResources296201112Vol.29No.6Dec.20111,2,3,2,3,2,3(1.,100012;2.,102206;3.,102206):。,,。,,,,。:,2.0×1010t。:;0-1;;;:TK6;S216.4:A:1671-5292(2011)06-0134-04Alocationoptimizationmodelofbiogasprojectonlarge-scalefarmsforgreenhousegasemissionreductionCAIMei1,SUNZhao2,3,GUOQian-qian2,3,LIYu2,3(1.AssessmentCenterofEnvironmentalEngineering,MinistryofEnvironmentalProtectionofPRC,Beijing100012,China;2.S-CenergyandEnvironmentalResearchAcademy,NorthChinaElectricPowerUniversity,Beijing102206,China;3.MOEKeyLaboratoryofRegionalEnergySystemsOptimization,NorthChinaElectricPowerUniversity,Beijing102206,China)Abstract:Renewableenergyisneededtodevelopfortheseriousenergysituationandthein-creasingpressureonecologicalenvironment.Buildingbiogaspowerengineeringinlarge-scalefarmscouldnotonlyreducegreenhousegasemissionsonfarms,butalsomakeacontributiontoe-missionreductiononelectricpowerenterprises.Accordingtothepresentsituationandcharacteris-ticsofmethanegeneration,thispaperestablishedanoptimizationmodelaboutgreenhousegase-missionreductiononlarge-scalefarms,byusingintegerprogrammingmethod,andcombinedwiththegreenhousegasesestimationmethodologyandthedefaultvalueprovidedbyIPCC.Theopti-mizationobjectiveisthecarbondioxideequivalentofgreenhousegasemissionreductioninbiogaspowergenerationonlarge-scalefarms.Thecaseanalysisshowthattheresultsproducedbymodelreducedgreenhousegasemissionsof2.0×1010tonscarbondioxideequivalentcomparedwiththeo-riginalscheme.Keywords:greenhousegasemissionreduction;0-1integerprogramming;biogaspowergen-eration;locationoptimization;carbondioxideequivalent:2011-10-08。:(1971-),,,、。:(1965-),,,,,、、。E-mail:liyuxx@jlu.edu.cnDOI:10.13941/j.cnki.21-1469/tk.2011.06.019·135·,0、、,3/4[1]~[2]。,;2020200540%~45%,[3]~[5]。,、,20206kW[6]。。,。《:》:18%。,1990723.6~1066.0t,24.6t[7]。,,[8]~[9]。《》,202015%,40t。,2000kW,[10]。4.1,,,(CH4)、(N2O)。。,,、,、。,,。,(IPCC),0-1,,、,。1IPCC、(、、)。,、、,0-1,,[11]~[12]:Maxf=Ii=1ΣJj=1Σ1p=1Σ1k=1Σ(1V×106xijEFpkGWPk)+Ii=1ΣJj=1Σ1p=1Σ2k=2Σ(4428xijEFpkN365V×103TAMGWPk)+Ii=1ΣJj=1ΣTt=1Σ3p=3ΣKk=1Σ365xijRtQEFpkGWPk-Ii=1ΣJj=1ΣTt=1Σ2p=2ΣKk=1Σ365xijRtQEFpkGWPkBjZjt:f,/;I,J、,;T,;P()(、、),;xij,t/d;V,t/(d·);k(、、),;GWPkk,/t;EFpkp()k,EF1k,t/a;EF2k、EF3k,t/TJ;Q,TJ/t;N,t/(t·d);TAM,t/;Rtt,;Bj、Zjt0-1,01。:(1),:Jj=1ΣTt=1ΣFtZjt≤Int:Ftt,;Int、,。(2)·136·2011,29(6),:Jj=1Σxij=WG,坌i:WG,t∞/d。(3),:RtIi=1ΣxijBj≤Tt=1ΣEtZjt,坌j:Et,m3。(4),:Jj=1ΣBj≤NTt=1ΣZjt=Bj,坌j:N。(5)00,:xij≥0,坌i,j(6)0-1Bj=1,0,,Zjt=1,t0,t,22.1,9,9395.189t。2.2,[13]-[16]。CO21,CO2,1。2。2.3IPCC,,,,f=1.58×1011tCO2e/a,3。f、,、、、,。2.4,。,8,632.06。,1.58×1011tCO2e/a,2.0×1010tCO2e/a。,。3,,1Table1Greenhousegasesglobalwarmingpotentials(GWP)GWP(CO2)1(CH4)21(N2O)310:(1995)2(kg/TJ)Table2Defaultemissionfactorsforstationarycombustionintheenergyindustries(kgofgreenhousegasperTJonanetcalorificbasis)CO2CH4N2ONCVs9830011.526.79460011.528.210100011.511.95460010.150.4:《1996IPCC》。1234567891111111111111111013Table3Comparisonbetweentheoptimizationschemeproducedbythemodelandtherecommendedschemef=1.58×1011tCO2e/a2003。,,90%,。,,,,。,4000,,,1500。,,,,。,,,,,。,、,,,,,,,“”。,?,,,。,“”,,。、,,,,,,。,。,,,、,、。(《》)2003。,,90%,。,,,,。,4000,,,1500。,,,,。,,,,,。,、,,,,,,,“”。,?,,,。,“”,,。、,,,,,,。,。,,,、,、。(《》):!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!,,,,,。0-1,、、、,,,,,,。:[1].[J].,2011,20(2):239-243.[2],.[J].,2010,32(1):10-13.[3].、[J].,2011,25(5):1-7.[4].[J].,2011,19(2):58-64.[5]ANTHONYSMALLWOOD.Theglobaldimensionofthefightagainstclimatechange[J].ForeignPolicy,2008,167:8-9.[6]LINBOQIANG,YAOXIN,LIUXIYING.China'senergystrategyadjustmentunderenergyconservationandcarbonemissionconstraints[J].SocialSciencesinChina,2010,31(2):91-110.[7],.[J].,2010,26(10):247-252.[8],.[J].,2011,16(2):91-99.[9].[J].,2009,17(2):375-378.[10]ALAINALBRECHT,SERIGNET.KANDJIa.Carbonsequestrationintropicalagroforestrysystems[J].Agriculture,EcosystemsandEnvironment,2003,99(1-3):15-27.[11]IPCC.WorkingGroupIII.Greenhousegasmitigationinagriculture[R].FourthAssessmentReport,2006.[12]ROCHETTEP,JANZENHH.TowardsarevisedcoefficientforestimatingN2Oemissionsfromlegumes[J].NutritionCycleAgroecosyst,2005,73(2-3):171-179.[13]IPCC.Volume4:agriculture,forestryandotherlanduse(AFOLU),2006IPCCguidelinesfornationalgreenhousegasinventories[M].Japan:IPCC/IGES,2006.[14].MBBR[J].,2009,9(2):482-485.[15]WUDESHENG,SUNCHANGZHEN,MAXUELAING,etal.Discussionontechnologyandequipmentoforganic-inorganiccompoundfertilizerproductionfromlivestockandpoultrymanure[J].Phosphate&CompoundFertilizer,2009,24(5):59-61.[16]AFBOUWMAN,LJMBOUMANS,NHBATJES.ModelingglobalannualN2OandNOemissionsfromfertilisedfields[J].GlobalBiogeochemistryCycles,2002,16(4):1080.·137·,

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