硅溶胶的性质制备和应用

©1994-2010ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.(,430070):,,,:;;;Prosperities,ManufacturesandApplicationofSilicaSolTIANHua,CHENLian2xi,LIUQuan2wen(SchoolofSciences,WuhanUniversityofTechnology,Wuhan430070,China)Abstract:Silicasolisakindofcolloidsolutionwelldispersingcorpusclesofsilicainwater.Fromthespecialcharacteristicandproperties,summarizekindsofmanufacturesofsilicasolAsakindofimportantinorganicadhesionagent,ithasbeenwidelyusedintheareasofchemicalengineering,casting,textilemaking,papermaking,materials,coating,electron,antistaticagent,catalystindustry,etc.Meanwhile,theprospectsformanufactureandresearchofsilicasolarealsoforecast.Keywords:silicasol;characteristic;manufacture;application,,1915,Schwerin,,,SiO22.4%,1941Bird,,2.52.8t(SiO2),[123]1958,,,,1,,SiO210%35%,50%50400m2ög,5100nm,,0.110Lm,{[SiO2]mnSiO2-32(n-x)H+}2x-2xNa+,()m,n,mnn:1),,82007282©1994-2010ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.),,,,;3),;4),,,2,SiCl4(RO)4SiSi,11:2.1:,,,,,,,pH,,,:mSi+(2m+n)H2ONaOH6590mSiO2+(2m+n)H2[4]:,48%,,2.2,,,,,:(1),,Na+H+,,Na+,H+SO2-3[5]:2RSO3-H+Na2nSiO22RSiO3Na++(nSiO2+H2O),(Cl-),(Cl-),NaOH;,,,HClH+RSO3Na+Na+,R2NH2Cl-R2N+NaOHH+3Cl-R2SO3H+H+Cl-RSO-3+Cl-,pH=23,NaOH,pH=8.510.5,(2),,2,,2(3),,(4),,,92007282©1994-2010ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.(5),,2.3,,,,[6](1):,SiO2öNa2O,(2):,,(3):(),pH(4):,,,2.4,pH,,(),,H4SiO4,[7],,,,:SiOH+OH-SiO-+H2OH4SiO4:H4SiO4H3SiO4+H+H4SiO4:SiOH+H3SiO-4k1k3Si-O-Si(OH)3+OH-SiO-+H4SiO4k1k3Si-O-Si(OH)3+OH-,k1,k2k32.5,,,,:(1):,(),,,[8](2):(NH+4),(3):,,,2.6SiO2:,,SiO2,,SiO2SiO2,,,1.5h,SiO2SiO2,2h,,2h,3003,,3.1,,,,,(),,[9],,,,012007282©1994-2010ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.(),,,[10]CO2,3.3,,,,,,,,,,,,,;,,,,,,,,,,,3.4[11],,,,,,,,,,3.5,,,,,,,,3.6,SiO220%,pH=8-9,SiO220%,pH=2.5-4.5,,,,,3.7,(),3%,,50%,,,,,,,[11],300kgöcm22600kgöcm2,[12],[13],[14],[15][16][17]4,,;,,,(17)112007282©1994-2010ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.(10-4)1d2d3d7d14d28dö%1d2d3d7d14d28dP18.510.511.513.314.015.554.767.774.285.590.3100P212.514.515.017.018.519.065.876.379.089.597.4100P312.313.013.514.815.817.570.074.377.284.390.0100P410.812.312.814.816.317.362.371.073.985.594.2100(4),,3d28d75%,14d90%,,,,,3a.,,b.,3%,[1]1[M]1:,19991[2]1[M]1:,19851:2006212215.:(19582),.E2mail:[e-mail](11)[1],.[J].,2005,3(6):27233.[2],.[J].(),1994,14(3):86292.[3].[J].(),2002,23(4):19220.[4],.[J].,1998,14(1):56259.[5].[M].:,2002.[6].[J].,2003.[7]HerRK.MethodofProducingColloidalSilicabyElectroDailySisofasilicate[P].US.3668088,1972.[8]EdgarASimposon.PreparationofSilicaSols[P].US.2285477,1952.[9],,,.2N2[J].,1997,13(6):39243.[10].[M].:,2004.[11].62.290.790[12].63.187.196[13].85.102.293[14].63.189.254[15].86.102.545[16].255.377[17].63.114.553:2007201220.:(19812),.E2mail:[e-mail]712007282