国内外污水处理工艺的生命周期评价概述

35520105ENVIRONMENTALSCIENCEANDMANAGEMENTVol135No15May2010:2009-10-15:(No.SRA0930):(1984-),,,2007::1674-6139(2010)05-0035-04沈兰,韦保仁(,215011):生命周期评价是一种评价产品工艺过程或活动的环境管理工具研究中首先总结了国内外在污水处理工艺生命周期评价领域的研究现状,其次从不同角度详细分析了国内外在该研究上的相同点和不同点最后,根据以上研究,借鉴国外的经验以及结合中国实际情况,提出完善中国研究的一些建议研究结果表明,通过国内外的比较研究有利于中国找出自身研究的不足,最终推进中国的可持续发展:生命周期评价;污水处理厂;污泥;环境影响:X22:AStudyonLifeCycleAssessmentofWastewaterSystemsinHomeandAbroadShenLan,WeiBaoren(SchoolofEnvironmentalScienceandEngineering,UniversityofScienceandTechnologyofSuzhou,Suzhou215011,China)Abstract:LifeCycleAssessmentisanevaluationofproducts,processesoractivitiesofenvironmentalmanagementtools.Firstly,thestudysumsupsomestudiesofLCAofwastewatertreatmentathomeandabroad.Secondly,thestudyanalyzesonthesameandthedifferentpointsathomeandabroadfromdifferentperspectives.Finally,itputsforwardsomesuggestionsabouthowtomiproveChinapsstudyofLCA.ThestudyshowsthatthecomparativestudyofhomeandabroadwillhelpChinatofindtheirownlacksofresearch,andmiprovessustainabledevelopmentofChina.Keywords:lifecycleassessmen;twastewatertreatmentplan;tsewagesludge;environmentalmipact(LCA)[1],,,,-,[2]LCA,,,LCA,,,11.1,[3-8]NP,MargaretaLundin[4]Anne-MarieTillman[5],N.Vlasopoulos[6]LCA20,();KimRiisgaardJorgensen[7]LCA#35#35520105#Vol135No15May2010()LCA,[9-11],SvenLundie[10]LCA2021,(),:,,,KimRiisgaardJorgensen[7],,LCA,Anne-MarieTillman[5]:112,,,LCA[12][13][14],LCA,,/0[15][16],,,221121111评价范围界定相同:,,,15-20,21112研究手段相同,,,LCA()[17-18],21113研究内容相同,,,,LCA[19-20]21221211研究目的不同,,21212研究对象不同,,,,,,,21213研究深度不同,,,,[21]LCA,,,,21214生命周期影响评价方法不同:#36#35520105#Vol135No15May2010,EPSEco-indicatorCML[22-25],,,3,(1)/0,,(2),,,,(3),LCA,,LCIA,,[26],(4)LCA,,,,,,(5),LCA,4,,,,,:[1]樊庆锌,敖红光,等.生命周期评价[J].环境科学与管理,2007,32(6):177-180.[2]杨健,陆雍森,等.运用生命周期分析(LCA)评估和选择废水处理工艺[J].工业用水与废水,2000,31(3):4-6.[3]EnricoBenetto,DiepNguyeneta.lLifecycleassess-mentofecologicalsanitationsystemforsmall-scalewastewatertreatment[J].ScienceoftheTotalEnvironment,2009,407:1506-1516.[4]MargaretaLundin,MagnusBengtssoneta.lLifeCycleAssessmentofWastewaterSystems:InfluenceofSystemBounda-riesandScaleonCalculatedEnvironmentalLoads[J].Environ-mentalScience&Technology,2000,34(1):180-186.[5]Anne-MarieTillman,MikaelSvingbuyeta.lLifeCy-cleAssessmentofMunicipalWasteWaterSystems[J].Int.J.LCA,1998,3(3):145-57.[6]N.Vlasopoulos,F.A.Memoneta.lLifecycleassess-mentofwastewatertreatmenttechnologiestreatingpetroleumprocesswaters[J].ScienceoftheTotalEnvironment,2006,367:58-70.[7]KimRiisgaardJorgensen,AlejandroVillanuevaeta.lUseoflifecycleassessmentasdecision-supporttoolforwaterreuseandhandlingofresiduesataDanishindustriallaundry[J].WasteManagementResearch,2004,22:334-345.[8]GjergjDodbibaa,TeijiNukayabeta.lRemovalofarse-nicfromwastewaterusingironcompound:Comparingtwodiffer-enttypesofadsorbentsinthecontextofLCA[J].Resources,ConservationandRecycling,2009,4:1-10.[9]StephaneLassaux,RobertRenzonieta.lLifeCycleAs-sessmentofWaterfromthePumpingStationtotheWastewaterTreatmentPlant[J].IntJLCA,2007,12(2):118-126.[10]SvenLundie,GregoryM.Peterseta.lLifeCycleAs-sessmentforSustainableMetropolitanWaterSystemsPlanning[J].EnvironmentalScience&Technology,2004,38(13):3465-3473.[11]N.Tangsubku,lK.Parameshwaraneta.lEnviron-mentallifecycleassessmentofthemicrofiltrationprocess[J].JournalofMembraneScience,2006,284:214-226.[12]杨健,吴敏.3种活性污泥法处理工艺的生命周期能耗分析[J].上海环境科学,2001,20(12):582-583.[13]吴敏,杨健.普通生物滤池处理工艺的生命周期能耗分析[J].中国给水排水,2001,17(6);69-72.[14]陈郁,郑洪波,等.城市污水处理厂生命周期评价方法初探及应用案例[J].大连理工大学学报,2003,43(3):292-297.[15]陈诗泓,陈玲,等.在污泥资源化利用过程中引入生命周期评价方法[J].江苏环境科技,2008,21(4):43-49.[16]杨健,郝一舒.城市污水厂污泥处理方案的生命周期分析[J].污染防治技术,1999,12(4):204-206.#37#35520105#Vol135No15May2010[17]Seong-RinLim,JongMoonPark.Environmentalimpactminimizationofatotalwastewatertreatmentnetworksys-temfromalifecycleperspective[J].JournalofEnvironmentalManagement,2009,90:1454-1462.[18]MalavikaTripath.iLife-CycleEnergyandEmissionsforMunicipalWaterandWastewaterServices:Case-StudiesofTreatmentPlantsinUS.AreportoftheCenterforSustainableSystems[R].NaturalResourcesandEnvironment.2007.[19]KristinJohansson,MariaPerzoneta.lSewagesludgehandlingwithphosphorusutilization-lifecycleassessmentoffouralternatives[J].JournalofCleanerProduction,2008,16:135-151.[20]Young-JinSuh,PatrickRousseaux.AnLCAofa-lternativewastewatersludgetreatmentscenarios[J].Resources,ConservationandRecycling,2001,4:1-10.[21]IvanMunoz,JosePeraleta.lLifecycleassessmentofacoupledsolarphotocatalytic-biologicalprocessforwastewatertreatment[J].WaterRessarch,2006,40:3533-3540.[22]M.Ortiz,R.G.Raluyeta.lLifecycleassessmentofwatertreatmenttechnologies:wastewaterandwater-reuseinasmalltown[J].Desalination,2007,204:121-131.[23]杨建新,王如松.中国产品生命周期影响评价方法研究[J].环境科学学报,2001,21(2):234-237.[24]IvanMunoza,AntonioRodrigueeta.lLifeCycleAs-sessmentofurbanwastewaterreusewithozonationastertiarytreatmentAfocusontoxicity-relatedimpacts[J].ScienceoftheTotalEnvironment,2009,407:1245-1256.[25]IvanMunoza,M.JoseGomezeta.lRankingpotentialimpactsofpriorityandemergingpollutantsinurbanwastewaterthroughlifecycleimpactassessment[J].Chemosphere,2008,74:37-44.[26]S.