海水工厂化养殖废水循环利用的初步探讨林更铭

　REPORTSMarineSciences/Vol.33,No.5/2009林更铭1,李炳乾2,项　鹏1,杨清良1(1.,361005;2.,361005):以海水工厂化养殖排出的废水养殖双齿围沙蚕(Perinereisaibuhitensis)、菲律宾蛤仔(Ruditapesphi-lippinarum)、长牡蛎(Crassostreagigas)和细基江蓠(Gracilariatenuistipitata)。结果表明:双齿围沙蚕耐污染能力最强;细基江蓠和双齿围沙蚕具有较强的净化水质能力。养殖废水经7d处理后,NH4+-N、NO3--N、NO2--N、PO43--P、COD和底质有机物分别下降至处理前的11.20%、23.69%、27.50%、14.6%、3.2%和0.32%,且沙蚕和江蓠平均日生长率分别为2.30mg/g·d和80mg/g·d。该方法不但能净化水质,还能实现养殖废水的循环利用。:养殖废水;细基江蓠(Gracilariatenuistipitata);双齿围沙蚕(Perinereisaibuhitensis);循环利用:Q968.22　　　　　:A　　　　:1000-3096(2009)05-0047-04　　,。,;、[1～3]。,,,,,。,,。、、,;、、,;,;、、,,,[4～9]。,[10,11]。“”,,,。Tones[12]--。[13～15]。,,。Jone[16](Gracilariaedulis),。,(biodeposition),,420000916t。,,、、。,(Captellasp),(Perinerersnuntia)、[17,18]。[19],。,。1　材料与方法1.1　水质和底质的测定方法、,GB12763-1991《》GB17378.4-1998GB17378.5-1998《》,1。:2008-07-22;:2008-11-10:(K08704(1)):(1965-),,,,,:0592-2195261,E-mail:[e-mail]47　REPORTS/2009/33/51　Tab.1　Monitoringitemsandanalysemethods(COD)GB17378.4(NO3-N)-(NO2-N)(NH4+-N)(PO43--P)-GB17378.51.2　试验材料(Ruditapesphilippinarum)、(Crassostreagigas)(Gracilariate-nuistipitata),(Perinereisaibuhitensis)()。1.3　实验方法,50cm×40cm×50cm,。3000～5000lx,20,20～23℃。10cm,40cm。:,、,500/m2,1000/m2(2.20g/)。,,500g/m2,1000/m2。17∶00,,,,1h。2　结果2.1　几种生物的耐污性比较,,、。。1COD5.6mg/L4.2%7d,98%,76%46%。,。1　、Fig.1　ComparsionofsurvialratesofPerinereisaibuhiten-sis、RuditapesphilippinarumandCrassostreagigas2.2　细基江蓠对无机营养盐的吸收率,,(NO-3-N)、(NO-2-N)、(NH+4-NNH3-N)(PO3-4-P)。、、,、。,。27d,,NH+4-N、NH3-N、NO-2-NPO3-4-P11.20%、23.69%、27.50%14.6%,,80mg/g。2　Fig.2　UptakerateofinorganicnutrientsbyGracilariatenuistipitata48　REPORTSMarineSciences/Vol.33,No.5/20092.3　双齿围沙蚕对有机污染物的吸收率(COD)。,、。37d,COD5.30mg/L0.82mg/L,3.2%0.32%,2.30mg/g。3　Fig.3　ConsumerateofCODandorganicmattrinsedimentbyPerinereisaibuhitensis3　讨论Kasper[20],。,,115/m2,78.2%[21]。。,(Capitellscapitata)、(Polydorasp)、(Namalycastisabiuma)。(,)[22]。,,,、。、。,。(10.0～40.5),,,,。,1000/m2。,,。,,“”。。,、,,,“”。,;,;,,。,。,。,,,,。,,,。:[1]　,,.[J].,2000,2:32-33.[2]　.[J].,2001,9:21-23.[3]　,,.[J].,2002,21(2):74-79.[4]　,.[J].,1999,29(10):22-24.[5]　,,,.[J].,1999,26(5):202-206.[6]　,,.[J].,2001,2:28-30.[7]　,,,.[J].,2003,24(4):85-90.[8]　,,,.[J].,2005,4:17-21.[9]　,,,.[J].,2006,27(1):13-17.[10]　.[J].(),2001,22(2):34-40.49　REPORTS/2009/33/5[11]　Ying-FengLin,Shun-RenJing,Der-YuanLee,etal.Nutrientremovalfromacqaculturewastewaterusingaconstructedwetlandssystem[J].Aquaculture,2002,209:169-184.[12]　TonesAB,DennisonWC,PrestonNP.Integratedtreatmentofshrimpeffluentbysedimentation,oysterfiltrationandmacroalgalabsorption:Alaboratoryscalestudy[J].Aquaculture,2001,193:155-178.[13]　,,,.[J].,1992,11(2):180-184.[14]　JonesAB,DennisonWC,PrestonNP.Integratedtreatmentofshrimpeffluentbysedimentation,oysterfiltrationandmacroalgalabsorption:alaboratoryscalestudy[J].Aqualture,2001,193:155-178.[15]　,,,.[J].,2005,12(2):156-161.[16]　,,.[J].,1998,16(1):21-27.[17]　HaruiH,KotaroK.NitrogenbudgetofpolychaetePerinereisnuntiavallatafedonthefecesofJapaneseflounder[J].Fisheriesscience,2002,68(6):304-308.[18]　,.[J].,1998,3:7-8.[19]　,,,.[J].,2005,29(1),48-54.[20]　Kasper.EffectsmusselaquacultureonthenitrogencycleandbenthiccommunitiesinKenepuruSound,MarloroughSounds,NewZealand[J].MarineBiolo-gy,1985.127-136.[21]　,,,.[J].(),2002,41(1):94-98.[22]　.[J].,2007,23(14):100-102.PreliminarystudiesoncyclicutilizationofwastewaterfrommarineaquacultureplantLINGeng-ming1,LIBing-qian2,XIANGPeng1,YANGQing-liang1(1.ThirdInstituteofOceanography,StateOceanicAdministration,Xiamen361005,China;2.SchoolofLifeSciences,XiamenUniversity,Xiamen361005,China)Received:Jul.,22,2008Keywords:aquaculturewastewater;Perinereisaibuhitensis;Gracilariatenuistipitata;cyclicutilizationAbstract:CultivationsofPerinereisaibuhitensisandGracilariatenuistipitatawithmarineaquaculturewastewaterwereconductedunderlaboratorycondition.TheresultshowedthatGracilariatenuistipitatacouldabsorbdissolvedinorganicnutrientsandPerinereisaibuhitensiscouldconsumeorganicmatterinsedi-ment.Aftertreatmentfor7days,theconcentrationsofNO3--N,NO2--N,NH4+-N,PO4--P,CODandorganicmattersinsedimentdecreased,respectively.Atthesametime,PerinereisaibuhitensisandGracilariatenuistipitatagrewwellwithaveragegrowthratesof2.30mg/gand80mg/g,respectively.TheresultsprovideaposibilityforPerinereisaibuhitersisandGracilariatenuistipitatatobeappliedinthepurificationandcyclicutilizationofwastewaterfrommarineaquacultureplants.(本文编辑:康亦兼)50