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＊4539。(49925614)KZCX1-SW-01-08。:2001820。＊吕晓霞1,2 宋金明1(1)(2),。。,,。,、。,,,,。,,,,,。、、,,,。、,、。,、-,、Eh、pH、、。,,,Eh、pH,、NO-3,,(NO3+NO2)-N,NH4-N。45 No.4520035STUDIAMARINASINICAMay,2003,NH4+。,,,NH4-N。NH4-N,,(NO3+NO2)-N-,,NH4-N,,。Kemp(1972)Ontario(1)。Ontario-,92%。-,96%;,5%;76%(Kempetal.,1972)。,,,,,。(2003),26.45%,6;(2003)31.25%,4,。1 Ontario[/(μg/g)]NH4-N(NO3+NO2)-NNH4-N45874259(92)266(7)7(1)60(1)290 8(3)273(94)6(2)4(1)410 313(76)48(12)4(1)45(11) :。,,30%～60%,。,、、、、、,70%,,,。,,,,60%(,1997)。,NH4-N。,,。,,,,,O2,;NO-3,NH4+。,,,;NH4+102 ,NO-3。,NH4+;NO-3+NO-2;(DON)(Cowanetal.,1996)。。,NH4-N,(AN)NH4-N、(DON)(OX)(Hansenetal.,1991)。,,NH4+,,-NH4+,NH4+8,NO-3+NO-2。(TON),,10mm;3～5mm,,。、1.()(25℃),。()。,-。,。:(1):;(2):NO-3、MnO2、Fe2O3;(3):SO2-4。(Breymanetal.,1990;Schulzetal.,1994)。。,,NH4+、NO-3、NO-2。Lohse(1995)-,。O2,NH4+。DoggerBank,,80%,20%～40%20%～30%,70%～80%DoggerBank,NO-3。NH4+-NO-36～59mm(Raaphorstetal.,1990)。O2,(Slothetal.,1992)。:103 ,,40cm,-1cm,。,-。,,,,。,,,,。,,,(Jǜrgensetal.,1990)。Tupas(1991),NH4+。PNC∶N∶P45∶9∶1。NO-3(),NO-3N2。,,,N2,。N2,NO-3。,、、、、NO-3、NO-2NH4+,。NO-3,,NO-3N2,,NO3-N。Baltic,,(Stockenbergetal.,1997)。Baltic,,,,。NH4+,NH4+。NH4+,NH4+,,,。NH4+:①:;②:,,。1970,Stevenson(1970)NH4+,NH4+10%～20%,NH4+NH4+。NH4+,,。,NH4+。,NH4+,NH4+(Mackinetal.,1984)。NH4+,104 K,NH4+NH4+,NH4+,NH4+。,NH4+,,NH4+。DON。,DON,,。,DON;,DON,DON。,,。Berner1980“--”。、、、、,。Soetaert(1996),。,,,C、O、N,C、O、N、NH4+。2.-,。NH4+NO-3,N2。NH4+(),。,(Kempetal.,1990;Seitzmgeretal.,1993),,N2。(Jenkinsetal.,1984),,O2NH4+;NO-3。,,-。,NH4+O2,2～5mm,。,,-NO-3N2。,(Sayamaetal.,1983)。-、。O2,O2,O2,O2。,,,O2:105 ,-。,,O2,,。、,,O2,,,。Hiroshima。,Hiroshima,,;,(Kimetal.,1997)。,-。Enoksson(1987)-,;,。Rysgaard(1991)10%,-50%。,(Seitzingeretal.,1991)。3.(1),。NH4+,NH4+NO-3,NO-3N2NH4+,,。,,,。,、,,。,,。,。。,、、。,。,。,,,。,,,。,,。,:①:CO2H2O;②:;③:,。。106 ,,。(,1990),,,,;,,,。,,,(,2000)。、、。(Tuominenetal.,1999),。、,(Pelegrietal.,1995)。O22。,79%。O2,;,O2,,。,、O2,。3,,:。NO-3,。,O2,,,,。,,,,,,。。,O2。Tuominen(1999),。,O2,,(NO-2-NO-3)O2,NO-3,NO-3,。,NH4+,,(Andersenetal.,1992)。Conley(1995)-NO-3N2,NO-2+NO-3。(2)。,;NH4+NO-3;:107 ,NH4+NO-3。,NO-3,N,;NO-3,NO-3,N2。,。,,;,,。,,,,。。,,,O2;,,,。O2;,,,,,,。,,,,,O2,、、,,、,,NH+4,NO-3。。,,-,(Valielaetal.,1997)。NH4+,NH4+、,。,。、。,,。,(Aureococcusanophagefferens)。、。,,,,(NO-3、NO-2、NH4+),。,,()。,(),,(Briceljetal.,1997)。108 、 。,、(、-)-,,。,、、,、。,、、,。,。,,,。,。 、、、,2003,,,32(1):48～54。、,2003,,()。,2000,,,24(4):22～26。,1990,(),,141～144,178～189。,1997,,,26(6):47～56。Andersen,F.O.,etal.,1992,Regenerationofinorganicphosphorusandnitrogenfromdecompositionofsestoninafreshwatersediment,Hydrobiologia,228:71～81.Breyman,V.M.T.,etal.,1990,Magnesiumadsorptionandionexchangeinmarinesediments:Amulti-componentmodel,Geochim.Cosmchim.Acta,54:3295～3313.Bricelj,M.V.,etal.,1997,Aureococcusanophagefferens:CausesandecologicalconsequencesofbrowntidesinU.S.mid-Atlanticcoastalwaters,Limnol.Oceanogr,42(5,part2):1023～1038.Conley,D.J.,etal.,1995,BiogeochemistryofN,PandSiinBalticSeasediments:responsetoasimulateddepositionofaspringdiatombloom,Mar.Ecol.Pro.Ser.,122:265～276.Cowan,J.L.W.,etal.,1996,Sediment-wateroxygenandnutrientexchangesalongthelongitudinalaxisofChesapeakebay:Seasonalpatterns,controllingfactorsandecologicalsignificance,Estuarines,19(3):562～580.Enoksson,V.,etal.,1987,Nitrificationanddissimilatoryammoniumproductionandtheireffectsonnitrogenfluxoverthesediment-waterinterfaceinbioturbatedcoastalsediments,Mar.Ecol.Pro.Ser.,36:181～189.Hansen,L.S.,etal.,1991,Aerobicandanaerobicminerlizationoforganicmaterialinmarinesedimentmicrocosms,Mar.Ecol.Pro.Ser.,75:283～291.Jenkins,M.C.,etal.,1984,Thecouplingofnitrificationanddenitrificationintwoestuarinesediments,Limnol.Oceanogr.,29(3):609～619.Jǜrgens,K.,etal.,1990,Incorporationandreleaseofphosphorusbyplanktonicbacteriaandphagotrophicflagellates,Mar.Ecol.Pro.Ser.,59:271～284.Kemp,A.L.W.,etal.,1972,DistributionandformsofnitrogeninalakeOntariosedimentcore,Limnol.and:109 Oceanogr.,17(6):855～867.Kemp,W.M.,etal.,1990,AmmoniumrecyclingversusdenitrificationinChesapeakeBaysediments,Limnol.Oceanogr.,35:1545～1563.Lohse,L.F.,etal.,1995,Sediment-waterfluxesofinorganicnitrogencompoundsalongthetransportrouteoforganicmatterintheNorthSea.Ophelia,41:173～179.LǜXiaoxia,SongJinming.2002,GrainstructureofnitrogeninthesouthernYellowSeasurfacesediments,AMBIO().Mackin,J.E.,etal.,1984,Ammoniumadsorptioninmarinesediments,Limno.Oceanogr.,29(2):250～364.Nixon,S.W.,1981,Remineralizationandnutrientcyclingincoastalmarineecosystems.InB.J.NeilsonandL.E.Cronin,Estuariesandnutrients.Humana,111～138.Pelegri,S.P.,etal.,1995,EffectofbioturbationbyNereissp.,MyaarenariaandCerastodermasp.onnitrificationanddenitrificationinestuarinesediments,Ophelia,42:289～299.Raaphorst,W.V.,etal.,1990,NutrientearlydiagenesisinthesandysedimentsoftheDoggerBankarea,NorthSea:Porewaterresult.,NetherlandsJournalofSeaResearch,26(1):25～52.Rysgaard,S.,etal.,1991,EffectsofsalinityonNH+4adsorptioncapacity,NitrificationanddenitrificationinDanishiEstuarinesediments,Estuaries,22(1):21～30.Sayama,M.,etal.,1983,Relationshipbetweenburrowingactivityofthepolychaetousannelid,Neant