含氮微污染地表水处理技术回顾高建文

WATERPURIFICATIONTECHNOLOGYVol.30,No.6,2011December25th,201120113065-10WaterPurificationTechnology[]2011-03-16[]2008ZX07106-2-2[]1985-。[e-mail]。200240。。。TU991A1009-0177201106-0005-06ReviewonNitrogenRemovalTechnologyinMicro-PollutedSurfaceWaterTreatmentGaoJianwen,HeShengbing,ChenXuechu,WangHong,KongHainan(SchoolofEnvironmentalScienceandEngineering,ShanghaiJiaotongUniversity,Shanghai200240,China)AbstractHighcontentnitrogeninmicro-pollutedsurfacewaternotonlycausedeutrophication,butalsoharmedhumanhealth.Therefore,nitrogenremovalfromsurfacewaterhasbecomeoneofurgentproblemsinChina.Therepresentativetechnologiesandmaininfluencingfactorsinmicro-pollutedsurfacewatertreatmentweresummarizedinthispaper,andthedevelopingdirectionofthesetechnologieswasalsoanalyzedanddiscussed.Keywordsmicro-pollutedsurfacewaternitrogenremovalbiologicalaeratedfilter(BAF)constructedwetlandni－trificationanddenitrification、。2009[1]2613.9%519.2%623.1%519.2%934.6%。13.8%27.7%830.8%57.7%。。0.25mg／LNH4+-N[2-3]。。1CJ／T206—20050.5mg／L、10mg／L。、、。[4-5][6-7]。2~6mmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmm5--DOI:10.15890/j.cnki.jsjs.2011.06.015Vol.30,No.6,2011。。80%~90%[8-10]。、、、、。1.1。、、、。2~6mm。[11]。[12]。[13]biostyrene。NH4+-N80%~95%。。[14]2~3mm4~5mm0.2m。20℃403g／m3·h247g／m3·d63.1%39.7%。1.8。1.220~30℃。[15]2℃0.7mg／L2mg／L。[16]0.5~1.4mg／L、20~30min10℃0.4℃90%65%NO2--N3℃NO2--N[17]。。[18]。[19]28℃6℃。1.3DO、。。、[20]。。0.5~1。[21]。0.51.01.0。1.586.7%DO8mg／L1.01.4%。[22]0.5DO2~3mg／L81.8%1.0DO5~7mg／L94.4%2。。1.4.6--WATERPURIFICATIONTECHNOLOGYVol.30,No.6,2011December25th,2011。。3~8m／h。[23]4~6m／h90%。[24]。6m／h90%8m／h。[25]。6mg／L8m/h88%2mg／L16mg／h84%。1.5、。、、[26]。7~10d、10~15L／m2·s20%~30%5~10min。[25]5L／m2·s15L／m2·s15L／m2·s20L／m2·s。60%80%[2]。[27]0.5hNH4+-N63%1hNH4+-N90%。[23]8700~1000mm。2———、、。pH9pH=7.5~8.0pH7.5pH8.0[28-29]。。。51234。5。4%~11%。。60％~70％[30-31]。DO、、。2.1DO。1mgNH4+-NNO3--N4.3mgNH4+-N1mg／LDO4.6mg／L。。0.11g／m2·d0.5~5.2g／m2·d0.25~9.6g／m2·d。DO。、、、。FenxiaYe[32]80%20%。DO1.28±0.52mg／L2.98±0.38mg／L83.11±10.2%82.85±8.5%。7--Vol.30,No.6,20112.2。。Akratos[33]2~26℃15℃。15℃TKN73.9%15℃TKN58.5%。[34]15℃A.G.Werker[35]6℃。5℃N2N2ONO[36]。[37]。。。[38]3.0m／d1.5m／dNH4+-N14%39%。[39]／NH4+-NTN85.86%48.44%。[38]NH4+-N29.4%67.6%2~6℃。2.3。[40]3。3。。、、、。。、。[41]。[42]。、、NO3--N。。／。、。NOx--NNOx--N。、、DO、pH。。3.1、。3.1.1、、、、。、。[43]3。。。。N.M.Lee[44]、、.8--WATERPURIFICATIONTECHNOLOGYVol.30,No.6,2011December25th,2011。M.A.Gómez[45]、、C／N2.5、1.08、1.1。。。C／NC／N2.8~3.2C／N1.7~1.8C／N6~7。3.1.2、、、。。。B.Ovez[46]、6.96gN／m3·d87%~100%4.23gN／m3·d。W.J.B.Sailing[47]Kaldnes。1360±40gN／m3·d1360±80gN／m3·d1330±70gN／m3·d。2.0mg／L。140d16.2%37.7%。。。。O.Gibert[48]、、、、、、、、、、、。、90%。76%NH3N2。。。4。。。、。1.[R].:,2010.2F.Rogalla.Upscalingacompactnitrogenremovalprocess[J].Wa－terScienceandTechnology,1992,26:1067-1076.3.[J].,2008,27(5):5-9,24.4,.[J].,1998,17(1):31-34.5,.[J].,1997,16(2):43-46.6,,.(BAF)[J].,2005,24(1):57-59,62.7,.[J].,2005,24(1):30-32,39.8,.[J].,2009,7:3-6.9,,.Biostyr[J].,2006,29(1):84-86.10,.[J].,2009,28(2):6-10,63.11,,,.[J].,2004,26(12):461-464.12.[J].,2009,35(12):53-57.13,,,.9--Vol.30,No.6,2011[J].,2004,25(3):40-43.14,,,.[J].,2003,19(5):48-50.15,,.[J].,2004,24(2):233-236.16,,,.[J].,2003,23(6):644-647.17,,.[J].,2002,18(7):17-19.18,.[J].,2003,24(2):112-115.19,,,.[J].,2009,35(9):29-33.20,,,.[J].,1997,16(3):2-5.21,,,.[J].,2009,31(11):9-16.22,,.-BAF[J].,2007,7(3):48-50.23,,.[J].(),2003,39(2):262-269.24.[J].,2007,4(4):61-64.25,,.BACF[J].,2006,27(1):67-73.26.[J].,2010,29(4):32-35.27,,,.-[J].,2006,32(12):1067-1092.28,,,.[J].,2011,30(1):8-11,83.29JanVymazal.Removalofnutrientsinvarioustypesofconstructedwetlands[J].ScienceoftheTotalEnvironment,2007,380(1-3):48-65.30VymasalJ.Removalofnutrientsinvarioustypesofconstructedwetland[J].SciencetotalEnvironment,2007,380(1-3):48-65.31SpielesDJ.,MitschWJ.Theeffectsofseasonandhydrologicandchemicalloadingonnitrateretentioninconstructedwetlands:Acomparisonoflow-andhigh-nutrientriverinesysterm[J].Eco－logicalengineering,1999,14(1-2):77-91.32FenxiaYe,YingLi.Enhancementofnitrogenremovalintoweryhybridconstructedwetlandtotreatdomesticwastewaterforsmallruralcommunities[J].EcologicalEngineering,2010,35(7):1043-1050.33C.S.Akratos,V.A.Tsihrintzis.Effectoftemperature,HRT,veg－etationandporousmediaonremovalefficiencyofpilot-scalehorizontalsubsurfaceflowconstructedwetlands[J].EcologicalEn－gineering,2007,29(2):173-191.34,,.[J].,2003,22(2):42-45.35A.G.Werker,J.M.Dougherty,J.L.McHenry,etal.Treatmentvariabilityforwetlandwastewatertreatmentdesignincoldcli－mates[J].EcologicalEngineering,2002,19(1):1-11.36J.M.Bremner,K.Shaw.Denitrificationinsoil:Factorsaffectingdenitrification[J].Agriculturescience,1958,51:40-52.37M.J.Chimney,C.K.Pietro.DecompositionofmacrophytelitterinasubtropicalconstructedwetlandinsouthFlorida(USA)[J].Eco－logicalEngineering,2006,27(4):301-321.38,,,.[J].,2006,27(8):1560-1564.39,,.[J].,2007,27(10):1652-1656.40,,,.[J].,2007,26(6):37-41.41,,.[J].,2005,24(3):34-37.42,,,.[J].,2010,29(5):4-10.43,,.[J].(),2002,31(3):41-44.44N.M.Lee,T.Welander.Theeffectofdifferentcarbonsourceonrespiratorydenitrificationinbiologicalwastewatertreatme