194油 田 化 学Vol.19 No.420021225Oilfield Chemistry25Dec,2002:1000-4092(2002)04-0391-041,2,2,1(1.,100871;2.,257000):含硅多核无机高分子絮凝剂(Si-IPF)是近10余年来发展迅速的高效无机高分子絮凝剂的代表。对Si-IPF的发展历程、国内研制的品种(文献报道的有24种)、合成原料、制备工艺、化学结构特征、絮凝特性、商品化问题作了评述,其中分析了硅离子、金属离子相互作用对Si-IPF分子结构和絮凝特性的影响,指出通过膏化技术、同质反应工艺或表面载体技术提高Si-IPF存储稳定性的途径和工艺措施。表1参70。:;;;;:X703.5:[TE992.2] :A1 。200120010020,10,17,7。60%[1]。(inorganicpolymerflocculants,IPF)1960,、,(organicpolymerflocculants,OPF),、,[2~4]。IPF(PAC)、(PFS)、(PFC)(PAFC)、(PAFS)、(PASS)。IPF、,IPF。()(Si-IPF)1980IPF,IPF,,,,,IPF[2~7],。Si-IPF、,、。2 2.1 1Si-IPF,,,。2.2 Si-IPF,、,Al、Fe、Mg、Zn、CaPACPFS,,、、、()、()、、:2002-08-05;:2002-11-27。:(1964-),,(1985),()(1988),(2000),(2001-),,:100871,:010-62757951;:010-62751708;E-mail:fszhou@263.com,fszhou@hotmail.com。DOI:10.19346/j.cnki.1000-4092.2002.04.0271 [8~45] Al+Si+Cl-,,,,,PASiC,PASC,PACSi,PSAA,PSAC,PASiFe+Si+Cl-,,,PFSiC,PFCSi,PFSC,PSFC,PSiFC,PFSiAl+Fe+Si+Cl-,,PAFSi,PSAFS,PAFCSi,PSAFCAl+Fe+Mg+Si+Cl-FMAAl+P+Si+Cl-C-23Al+Ca+Si+Cl-CPACSiAl+Si+SO2-4PSiAS,PASS,PSASFe+Si+SO2-4PFSS,PFSiSZn+Si+SO2-4PSAZFe+B+Si+SO2-4PFSSBSiPSi、[2,5]。2.3 、[2,42]。高速剪切法 ,Si-IPF[33~35]。,Handy,。矿物溶出法 、Si、Al、Fe、、,Si-IPF,,(),SiO2、Al2O3、Fe2O3Na、Ca、Mg、Pb,[4,5],。复合聚合法 、、,,、、,,[23~26]。,。,[7]。,,Si-IPF;,Si-IPF[2]。2.4 ,Si-IPF,,[46~52]。PASS1037cm-1PASC965cm-1Si—O—Al,Si-IPF[54,55]。Si-IPF29Si-NMR,-90ppm-101ppm29Si,Al—Si—OH[50],()。X,2θ15°~35°,Si-IPFIPF,[23]。XSiSi-IPF[53],Si,Si[23]。,、2.0~3.0[56,57],PAC、PFCIPF[58,59],Al、FeSi-IPF,Si、Cl[55],。IPF,Si-IPFPACIPF2,105~106[46,62],,,PAC,OPF,。2.5 ,,、,392 2002[11]。,,。Si-IPFIPF,OPF[2,60,61],,、[65~67],Si-IPF、、、[19~22,14~16]。,Si-IPFAlbFeb[55,59,64],[49,63],[63],Al、FeAlbFeb。2.6 ,,。Si-IPF,,。、、,[33~45]。Si-IPF。,[4,9,10]。SiO2IPFSi-IPF[4,8,13,68],、,[19,42,45,69,70]。3 (1)IPFOPF,。(2),Si,,。(3),。:[1].[M].:,2000:22—25[2].[J].,1999,15(2):1—3.[3],,.()[J].,2000,18(3):7—8.[4],,.[J].,1998,6(2):45—48.[5],.[J].,1999,15(4):3—5.[6],.[J].,1998,(6):20—22.[7],,.[J].,1990,11(5):37—41.[8],.[J].,1997,16(6):534—540.[9],,,.[J].,2000,11(4):28—30.[10],.[J].,1997,18(2):46—48.[11],.[J].,1997,15(5):13—14.[12],,.[J].,1997,18(3):17—19.[13],,.[J].,1997,16(6):546—551.[14].[D].:,2000.4.[15],,,.(PASC)[J].,2000,21(3):46—49.[16],.[J].,2000,(2):49—50.[17],.[J].,1999,19(3):266—269.[18],.[J].,1999,68(2):5—7.[19],,,.FMA[J].,2000,17(3):256—259.[20],,,.FMA[J].,1999,23(12):66—68.[21],,.FMA[J].,2000,20(1):19—21.[22],,,.FMA[J].(),1999,14(6):15—18.[23],,,.、[J].,1999,18(2):168—172.[24],,.[J].,2001,(1):4—6.[25],,,.[J].(),2001,18(2):1—5.[26],,,.PASC[J].(),2001,18(4):45—46.[27],,,.[J].,1998,5(2):116—118.393194,,:[28],,,.[J].,2001,20(2):179—184.[29].[J].,1996,16(3):8—9.[30],,,.[J].,2001,18(6):345—348.[31],,,.[J].,2000,17(8):459—462.[32],,,.[J].,2002,19(1):12—15.[33][].[P].CN1042340,1990-5-23.[34].[P].CN1067031,1992-12-16.[35],.-[P].CN1059505,1992-3-18.[36],,.[P].CN1069470,1993-3-3.[37][].-[P].CN1082006,1994-2-6.[38].[P].CN1099720,1995-3-8.[39].[P].CN1130597,1996-9-11.[40],,.[P].CN1197038,1998-10-28.[41],.[P].CN1210818,1999-3-17.[42].[P].CN1240197,2000-1-5.[43],.[P].CN1257046,2000-6-21.[44],,,.[P].CN1299783,2001-6-21.[45],,,.[P].CN1343632,2002-4-10.[46].[J].,1998,18(1):1—10.[47],,,.[M].:,2000:177.[48].[D].:,1997.5.[49].[D].:,1997.5.[50],,.Al(Ⅲ)-[J].,2000,20(2):151—153.[51],,,.[J].,1993,12(4):268—273.[52],,,.[J].,1997,16(1):60—62.[53],,,.[J].,2000,16(5):729—732.[54],,,.[J].(),1999,34(2):198—201.[55],,,.[J].,2002,14(1):73—75.[56],.[J].,2001,21(7):16—19.[57],.(Ⅱ)[J].,2000,20(4):385—390.[58],.(PSAFC)[J].,2001,29(2):82—85.[59],,.[J].,1997,16(3):27—29.[60],,.(PASC)[J].,2000,19(1):1—17.[61],,,.[J].,1998,19(3):46—49.[62],,.(PASC)[J].,1999,19(4):297—300.[63],.[J].,2001,22(1):94—97.[64],,,.[J].,2001,18(5):262—264.[65],,,.[J].,1999,15(7):1—3.[66],,,.[J].,2000,26(11):16—18.[67],,,.[J].,2001,27(9):18—21.[68],.[J].,1997,16(6):541—545.[69],,,.[J].,2002,31(1):5—6.[70],.[J].,2000,12(2):36—37.ProgressinResearchesofPolysilicate-ContainingCompositeInorganicPolymerflocculantsZHOUFeng-Shan1,WANGShi-Hu2,LIJi-Yong2,WUJin-Guang1(1.CollegeofChemistryandMolecularEngineering,PekingUniversity,Beijing100871,China;2.ResearchInstituteofProductionTechnology,ShengliOilfieldCompany,Sinopec,Dongying,Shandong257000,China)Abstract:Thepolysilicate-containingcompositeinorganicpolymerflocculants(Si-IPF)arerepresentativesofrapidlydevelopinginrecent10andmoreyearseffectiveinorganicpolymerflocculantsforwaterandwastewatertreatments.ThehistoricalaspectsofR&D,thehomepreparedgrades(24flocculantspublishedinChineseperiodicals),therawmaterialsused,thesynthetictechnologies,thechemicalstructure,theflocculatingpropertyandtheproblemsincommercializationofSi-IPFsarereviewed.Particularly,theinteractionbetweensiliciumandmetalionsisanalysedinrelationtothemolecularstructureandflocculatingpropertyofSi-IPFsandthewaysandtechnologicmeasuresofimprovingthestabilizedflocculabilityofSi-IPFsarestatedasfollows:creamingandhomogeneousreactionsandsilicatesurfacecarriertechnology.Keywords: inorganicpolymers;polysilicate;flocculants;water-treatingagents;review394 2002